US3660023A - Process for recovering carbon dioxide from stack gas - Google Patents
Process for recovering carbon dioxide from stack gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3660023A US3660023A US8036A US3660023DA US3660023A US 3660023 A US3660023 A US 3660023A US 8036 A US8036 A US 8036A US 3660023D A US3660023D A US 3660023DA US 3660023 A US3660023 A US 3660023A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sodium carbonate
- gas
- temperature
- stack gas
- stack
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 17
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 9
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000205754 Colocasia esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006481 Colocasia esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000282485 Vulpes vulpes Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D7/00—Carbonates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D7/14—Preparation of sesquicarbonates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
Definitions
- ABSTRACT Disclosed is a process for recovering pure CO; from stack gases produced by the combustion of carbonaceous material.
- the process involves contacting the stack gas with porous sodium carbonate having a high surface area, i.e., greater than 0.3 m lgm. at a temperature of from about to C. 1nteraction between moist CO and sodium carbonate forms 3NaHCO -Na CO which upon heating to a temperature of from to 250 C. decomposes into CO H 0 and Na,co,.
- the liberated CO is readily recovered and the regenerated Na CO can be used to recover additional CO thus permitting a cyclic process.
- One method of separating CO from such a gas mixture is to scrub the gas by passing it countercurrent to an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate. The process results in the formation of a sodium bicarbonate solution from which CO is recovered upon heating. In this method, S and other acid gases which react with the sodium carbonate solution are normally removed before the scrubbing operating.
- solid sodium carbonate for the recovery of CO
- the solid system can be employed in an ordinary packed column without the necessity of scrubbing apparatus.
- the heat transfer problems involved in regenerating CO from a solid system are less than in a liquid system.
- the use of solid sodium carbonate granules has not been found to be an efficient method of recovering CO from stack gas because only small amounts of CO are absorbed on the surface of the granules.
- a further object is to provide such a process which provides for the recovery of CO in economical amounts.
- An additional object is to provide such a process in which the sodium carbonate can be regenerated after reaction with the CO so as to be useful in a cyclic system.
- the invention is a process for recovering CO from the gases produced by the combustion of carbonaceous materials.
- the process involves contacting the stack gas with porous sodium carbonate having a BET surface area of greater than 0.3 m /gm. at a temperature of from about 40 to 75 C.
- the interaction between moist CO and carbonate results in the formation of 3Nal-ICO -Na CO which upon heating to a temperature of from about 150 to 250 C. dissociates the bicarbonate into CO H 0 and Na CO
- the liberated CO is then recovered by conventional means.
- Sodium carbonate forms having the surface area necessary for use in the process can be prepared by grinding solid carbonate into small particles which are then compacted.
- the porous sodium carbonate is prepared by the thermal decomposition of porous sodium bicarbonate having a BET surface area of greater than 0.3 m lgm.
- the bicarbonate granules preferably have BET surface areas of from 0.5 to 2.0 m /gm. to provide carbonate having similar surface areas. Carbonate granules having BET surface areas of 0.5 to 2.0 m lgm. are preferred for use in the process.
- Suitable porous sodium bicarbonate may be prepared by reacting ammonium bicarbonate with a soluble sodium salt in aqueous solution wherein the concentration of sodium ion is from 5 to 7 grams ions per liter in the presence of carbon dioxide in sufficient quantity to create a partial pressure of from to 40 psig while vigorously agitating the solution to form fine crystals of sodium bicarbonate.
- the fine crystals are separated from the reaction liquor, compacted and dried at a temperature of from 30 to 40 C.
- the stack gas can be contacted with the sodium carbonate in a variety of ways. Conveniently, the gas is allowed to pass upwardly through a column packed with the sodium carbonate granules or with a mixture of sodium carbonate and some inert porous material. Since stack gas normally contains acid gases such as S0 and N0 the recovery of purified CO is facilitated by removing these gases before contacting the stack gas with the sodium carbonate. Additionally, the reaction of the acid gases with the carbonate is irreversible so their removal is necessary for the operation of a cyclic process.
- the acid gases can be removed from the stack gas by a number of methods. One such method is to pass the gas through a bed of the porous sodium bicarbonate described above.
- stack gas After removal of the acid gases, the remaining stack gas consists essentially of N CO 0 and small amounts of NO. Stack gas will also contain from about 3 to 25 volume percent water vapor when maintained at a temperature above its dew point. The presence of water vapor in the stack gas is necessary to provide water for the overall reaction:
- the above reaction is reversed by heating the reaction product of sodium carbonate and CO to a temperature of from 150 to 250 C., thereby forming sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water vapor.
- Virtually 100 percent pure CO is recovered upon condensation of the water vapor and venting the CO gas into a reservoir.
- the regenerated sodium carbonate may then be reused for the recovery of additional CO
- Mixing the sodium carbonate with a porous inert material such as foam glass will add mechanical support to the system so that many cycles can be carried out before replacement of the sodium carbonate granules is necessary.
- EXAMPLE I A l by 36 inch jacketed iron-pipe reactor was loaded with 255 gm. of 4-6 mesh NaI-ICO which had a BET surface area of approximately 1 m lgm. The reactor was then heated with steam in the jacket for a period of 3-4 hours to various temperatures up to C. and the liberated CO and water vapor collected by condensing the water in a small water cooled trap and venting the CO to a steel tank. During the heating cycle pressure in the reactor was held at 40-50 psig by a relief type pressure control valve. The temperature in the reactor was then lowered to between 55 and 70 C. by circulating water through the jacket.
- Synthetic stack gas made up by blending flowing streams of N 0 NO and CO in ratios encountered in stack gases formed by the combustion of solid and liquid carbonaceous fuel, was passed through a water trap at the reactor temperature to produce a gas stream nearly saturated in water vapor. This stream was then passed through the reactor at a flow of about 1 liter per minute for 3 or 4 hours to complete one full cycle. At the end of this time, the heating step was begun again to start another cycle.
- the CO collected in the storage tank and the water in the trap were weighed after each cycle to folb. heating the 3Nal-ICO Na,CO thus formed to a temperature of from about 150 to 250 C. to decompose it into CO H and Na CO and c. recovering the CO low the performance ofthe system. 2.
- a process for recovering CO from water vapor containing gases produced by the combination of carbonaceous material, said gases containing from 16 to l8 percent CO along with significant amounts of oxygen, nitrogen, and nitric oxide which comprises:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is a process for recovering pure CO2 from stack gases produced by the combustion of carbonaceous material. The process involves contacting the stack gas with porous sodium carbonate having a high surface area, i.e., greater than 0.3 m2/gm. at a temperature of from about 40* to 75* C. Interaction between moist CO2 and sodium carbonate forms 3NaHCO3.Na2CO3 which upon heating to a temperature of from 150* to 250* C. decomposes into CO2, H2O and Na2CO3. The liberated CO2 is readily recovered and the regenerated Na2CO3 can be used to recover additional CO2 thus permitting a cyclic process.
Description
United States Patent Frevel et al.
[ 51 May 2,1972
[54] PROCESS FOR RECOVERING CARBON DIOXIDE FROM STACK GAS [72] Inventors: Ludo K. Frevel, Midland; Leonard J.
Kressley, Saginaw, both of Mich.
[2]] Appl. No.: 8,036
[52] US Cl ..23/150, 23/25, 23/63, 23/64 [51] Int. Cl. ....Clb3l/20,B01d 53/34 [58] Field of Search ..23/2, 2.1, 4, 150, 63, 64
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,831,731 11/1931 Al ..23/ 3,511,595 5/1970 Fuchs ..23/4
Cocksedge ..23/64 Sundstrom et al. ..23/64 Primary ExaminerEarl C. Thomas AttorneyGriswold & Burdick, Jerome L. Jeffers and William R. Norris [5 7] ABSTRACT Disclosed is a process for recovering pure CO; from stack gases produced by the combustion of carbonaceous material. The process involves contacting the stack gas with porous sodium carbonate having a high surface area, i.e., greater than 0.3 m lgm. at a temperature of from about to C. 1nteraction between moist CO and sodium carbonate forms 3NaHCO -Na CO which upon heating to a temperature of from to 250 C. decomposes into CO H 0 and Na,co,. The liberated CO is readily recovered and the regenerated Na CO can be used to recover additional CO thus permitting a cyclic process.
8 Claims, No Drawings PROCESS FOR RECOVERING CARBON DIOXIDE FROM STACK GAS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Stack gases resulting from the combustion of carbonaceous materials such as coke, coal, oil and natural gas serve as a major source of carbon dioxide. Normally, these fuels are burned in a manner which produces a gas containing 16 to 18 percent carbon dioxide. Other gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide are normally present in significant amounts in stack gas. The CO contained in the stack gas is a useful by-product and its recovery is desirable.
One method of separating CO from such a gas mixture is to scrub the gas by passing it countercurrent to an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate. The process results in the formation of a sodium bicarbonate solution from which CO is recovered upon heating. In this method, S and other acid gases which react with the sodium carbonate solution are normally removed before the scrubbing operating.
There are several advantages to be realized by the use of solid sodium carbonate for the recovery of CO For example, the solid system can be employed in an ordinary packed column without the necessity of scrubbing apparatus. Additionally, the heat transfer problems involved in regenerating CO from a solid system are less than in a liquid system. However, the use of solid sodium carbonate granules has not been found to be an efficient method of recovering CO from stack gas because only small amounts of CO are absorbed on the surface of the granules.
It would be desirable, and it is a principal object of the present invention to provide an efficient process for the recovery of CO from stack gas which employs solid sodium carbonate as the reactive agent.
A further object is to provide such a process which provides for the recovery of CO in economical amounts.
An additional object is to provide such a process in which the sodium carbonate can be regenerated after reaction with the CO so as to be useful in a cyclic system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention is a process for recovering CO from the gases produced by the combustion of carbonaceous materials. The process involves contacting the stack gas with porous sodium carbonate having a BET surface area of greater than 0.3 m /gm. at a temperature of from about 40 to 75 C. The interaction between moist CO and carbonate results in the formation of 3Nal-ICO -Na CO which upon heating to a temperature of from about 150 to 250 C. dissociates the bicarbonate into CO H 0 and Na CO The liberated CO is then recovered by conventional means.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Sodium carbonate forms having the surface area necessary for use in the process can be prepared by grinding solid carbonate into small particles which are then compacted.
In a preferred embodiment, the porous sodium carbonate is prepared by the thermal decomposition of porous sodium bicarbonate having a BET surface area of greater than 0.3 m lgm. The bicarbonate granules preferably have BET surface areas of from 0.5 to 2.0 m /gm. to provide carbonate having similar surface areas. Carbonate granules having BET surface areas of 0.5 to 2.0 m lgm. are preferred for use in the process. Suitable porous sodium bicarbonate may be prepared by reacting ammonium bicarbonate with a soluble sodium salt in aqueous solution wherein the concentration of sodium ion is from 5 to 7 grams ions per liter in the presence of carbon dioxide in sufficient quantity to create a partial pressure of from to 40 psig while vigorously agitating the solution to form fine crystals of sodium bicarbonate. The fine crystals are separated from the reaction liquor, compacted and dried at a temperature of from 30 to 40 C. This process, which is more fully described in a copending application for a Process for the Preparation of Porous Sodium Bicarbonate executed by Ludo K. Frevel and Leonard J. Kressley at Midland, Michigan on Nov. 24, 1969 and filed in the United States Patent Office on Nov. 26, 1969 as application Ser. No. 880,424, produces hard porous sodium bicarbonate granules having a BET surface area of greater than 0.3 m /gm. The thermal decomposition of these sodium bicarbonate granules provides sodium carbonate granules suitable for use in the present process. The sodium bicarbonate is normally heated to a temperature of from to C. in order to decompose it into sodium carbonate.
The stack gas can be contacted with the sodium carbonate in a variety of ways. Conveniently, the gas is allowed to pass upwardly through a column packed with the sodium carbonate granules or with a mixture of sodium carbonate and some inert porous material. Since stack gas normally contains acid gases such as S0 and N0 the recovery of purified CO is facilitated by removing these gases before contacting the stack gas with the sodium carbonate. Additionally, the reaction of the acid gases with the carbonate is irreversible so their removal is necessary for the operation of a cyclic process. The acid gases can be removed from the stack gas by a number of methods. One such method is to pass the gas through a bed of the porous sodium bicarbonate described above. After removal of the acid gases, the remaining stack gas consists essentially of N CO 0 and small amounts of NO. Stack gas will also contain from about 3 to 25 volume percent water vapor when maintained at a temperature above its dew point. The presence of water vapor in the stack gas is necessary to provide water for the overall reaction:
while the nonreactive N 0 and NO pass through the sodium carbonate bed. Cooling the gas to a temperature of from 40 to 75 C. and preferably to between 50 and 65 C. causes it to become more saturated in water vapor and enhances the reaction. However, when cooling the gas, care should be taken not to cool it below its dew point since condensation within the carbonate bed will diminish its efficiency. In order to achieve maximum recovery of CO water should be present in amounts at least equimolar with the CO An excess of water is preferred provided the water content of the gas is not so high that the dew point is reached at the reaction temperature of 40 to 75 C.
The above reaction is reversed by heating the reaction product of sodium carbonate and CO to a temperature of from 150 to 250 C., thereby forming sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water vapor. Virtually 100 percent pure CO is recovered upon condensation of the water vapor and venting the CO gas into a reservoir. The regenerated sodium carbonate may then be reused for the recovery of additional CO Mixing the sodium carbonate with a porous inert material such as foam glass will add mechanical support to the system so that many cycles can be carried out before replacement of the sodium carbonate granules is necessary.
EXAMPLE I A l by 36 inch jacketed iron-pipe reactor was loaded with 255 gm. of 4-6 mesh NaI-ICO which had a BET surface area of approximately 1 m lgm. The reactor was then heated with steam in the jacket for a period of 3-4 hours to various temperatures up to C. and the liberated CO and water vapor collected by condensing the water in a small water cooled trap and venting the CO to a steel tank. During the heating cycle pressure in the reactor was held at 40-50 psig by a relief type pressure control valve. The temperature in the reactor was then lowered to between 55 and 70 C. by circulating water through the jacket.
Synthetic stack gas, made up by blending flowing streams of N 0 NO and CO in ratios encountered in stack gases formed by the combustion of solid and liquid carbonaceous fuel, was passed through a water trap at the reactor temperature to produce a gas stream nearly saturated in water vapor. This stream was then passed through the reactor at a flow of about 1 liter per minute for 3 or 4 hours to complete one full cycle. At the end of this time, the heating step was begun again to start another cycle. The CO collected in the storage tank and the water in the trap were weighed after each cycle to folb. heating the 3Nal-ICO Na,CO thus formed to a temperature of from about 150 to 250 C. to decompose it into CO H and Na CO and c. recovering the CO low the performance ofthe system. 2. The process of claim 1 wherein the amount of water vapor in the gas is sufficient to provide at least 1 mole ofwater A total of 124 cycles were carried out in the above per l fCO descnbed manner. The results of representative cycles are 3 Th process f claim 1 wherein the gas contains from summarized in Table l. In Table l, the point at which the gas ab t 3 t 25 volume percent water vapor. flow was discontinued and the temperature increased can be 4. The process of claim 1 wherein acid gases are removed determmed by a sharp P from the gas before contacting it with the sodium bicarbonate.
Elapsed lllllt Prcs- Gas flow (ml/mm.) Wt. CO? Wt. Hit) (miii- 'lmuporasure, recovered, recovered, \'t'liiiltis) taro, C. p.s.i.g. N- CO2 01 NO gm. gm.
TABLE I. DATA ON CO2 RECOVERY FROM SYNTHETK STACK GAS Elapsed time Prcs- Gas flow (ml./nim.) Wt. CO1 Wt. H9O (min- Tenipcrasum, recovered, recovered, Cycle lites) turn, C. p.s.i.g. N: CO: 02 gm. gm.
Initial (l 55 130 150 160 175 210 5 0 50 90 55 240 55 275 150 345 ll 0 7 240 65 260 157 360 12mm, 0 5t) 45 72 1135 till 240 (is 255 130 78... 0 65 7 125 285 180 S8 .t 0 65 190 (37 205 130 305 180 in)... 0 65 195 6a 210 125 330 1x5 llti. 0- (ill ixri ll? mu 1:10 2x0 177 is 251.0 ll). I
We claim: 5. The process of claim 1 wherein the sodium carbonate has 1. A process for recovering CO from water vapor containing gases produced by the combination of carbonaceous material, said gases containing from 16 to l8 percent CO along with significant amounts of oxygen, nitrogen, and nitric oxide, which comprises:
a. contacting the gases at a temperature within the range of from about 40 to 75 C. with solid porous sodium carbonate granules having a BET surface area of greater than 0.3 m' lgm. thereby forming 3NaHCO Na CO a BET surface area ofO.5 to 2.0 m /gm.
6. The process of claim 1 wherein the sodium carbonate is mixed with a porous inert material.
7. The process of claim 6 wherein the inert material is foam glass.
8. The process of claim 1 wherein the gases and sodium bicarbonate granules are contacted at a temperature of from 50 to 65 C.
Claims (7)
- 2. The process of claim 1 wherein the amount of water vapor in the gas is sufficient to provide at least 1 mole of water per mole of CO2.
- 3. The process of claim 1 wherein the gas contains from about 3 to 25 volume percent water vapor.
- 4. The process of claim 1 wherein acid gases are removed from the gas before contacting it with the sodium bicarbonate.
- 5. The process of claim 1 wherein the sodium carbonate has a BET surface area of 0.5 to 2.0 m2/gm.
- 6. The process of claim 1 wherein the sodium carbonate is mixed with a porous inert material.
- 7. The process of claim 6 wherein the inert material is foam glass.
- 8. The process of claim 1 wherein the gases and sodium bicarbonate granules are contacted at a temperature of from 50* to 65* C.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US803670A | 1970-02-02 | 1970-02-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3660023A true US3660023A (en) | 1972-05-02 |
Family
ID=21729502
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US8036A Expired - Lifetime US3660023A (en) | 1970-02-02 | 1970-02-02 | Process for recovering carbon dioxide from stack gas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3660023A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3865924A (en) * | 1972-03-03 | 1975-02-11 | Inst Gas Technology | Process for regenerative sorption of CO{HD 2 |
| EP0201468A1 (en) * | 1985-05-09 | 1986-11-12 | Icor Ab | A device for removing carbon dioxide from a gas mixture |
| EP0444504A3 (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1991-10-23 | Fischer, Reinhard | Method of using at least one component of a flue gas |
| EP0485322A1 (en) * | 1990-11-08 | 1992-05-13 | United Technologies Corporation | Flat sheet CO2 sorbent |
| EP0487102B1 (en) * | 1990-11-22 | 1995-08-02 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Recycling system for the recovery and utilization of CO2 gas |
| WO2000010691A1 (en) * | 1998-08-18 | 2000-03-02 | United States Department Of Energy | Method and apparatus for extracting and sequestering carbon dioxide |
| RU2155708C2 (en) * | 1997-11-20 | 2000-09-10 | Российский научный центр "Прикладная химия" | Composition and method for carbon dioxide production |
| US20030059355A1 (en) * | 2001-08-02 | 2003-03-27 | Shane Chen | Method for generating carbon dioxide |
| US6866702B2 (en) * | 2003-01-29 | 2005-03-15 | International Environmental Conservative Association, Inc. | Device for absorbing carbon dioxide, and a method for absorbing carbon dioxide |
| US7914758B2 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2011-03-29 | Murray Kenneth D | Captured CO2 from atmospheric, industrial and vehicle combustion waste |
| AT512153B1 (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-06-15 | Knoch Kern & Co Kg | Process for recovering carbon dioxide |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1583662A (en) * | 1923-11-08 | 1926-05-04 | Solvay Process Co | Process of forming sodium compounds |
| US1583661A (en) * | 1923-11-09 | 1926-05-04 | Solvay Process Co | Process of forming sodium compounds |
| US1831731A (en) * | 1929-02-26 | 1931-11-10 | Bataafsche Petroleum | Process for absorption of carbon dioxide from gases and vapors |
| US3511595A (en) * | 1967-05-18 | 1970-05-12 | Treadwell Corp The | Method of removing carbon dioxide and water vapor from air |
-
1970
- 1970-02-02 US US8036A patent/US3660023A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1583662A (en) * | 1923-11-08 | 1926-05-04 | Solvay Process Co | Process of forming sodium compounds |
| US1583661A (en) * | 1923-11-09 | 1926-05-04 | Solvay Process Co | Process of forming sodium compounds |
| US1831731A (en) * | 1929-02-26 | 1931-11-10 | Bataafsche Petroleum | Process for absorption of carbon dioxide from gases and vapors |
| US3511595A (en) * | 1967-05-18 | 1970-05-12 | Treadwell Corp The | Method of removing carbon dioxide and water vapor from air |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3865924A (en) * | 1972-03-03 | 1975-02-11 | Inst Gas Technology | Process for regenerative sorption of CO{HD 2 |
| EP0201468A1 (en) * | 1985-05-09 | 1986-11-12 | Icor Ab | A device for removing carbon dioxide from a gas mixture |
| EP0444504A3 (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1991-10-23 | Fischer, Reinhard | Method of using at least one component of a flue gas |
| EP0485322A1 (en) * | 1990-11-08 | 1992-05-13 | United Technologies Corporation | Flat sheet CO2 sorbent |
| US5454968A (en) * | 1990-11-08 | 1995-10-03 | United Technologies Corporation | Flat sheet CO2 sorbent |
| US5681503A (en) * | 1990-11-08 | 1997-10-28 | United Technologies Corporation | Flat sheet CO2 sorbent |
| EP0487102B1 (en) * | 1990-11-22 | 1995-08-02 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Recycling system for the recovery and utilization of CO2 gas |
| RU2155708C2 (en) * | 1997-11-20 | 2000-09-10 | Российский научный центр "Прикладная химия" | Composition and method for carbon dioxide production |
| WO2000010691A1 (en) * | 1998-08-18 | 2000-03-02 | United States Department Of Energy | Method and apparatus for extracting and sequestering carbon dioxide |
| US20010022952A1 (en) * | 1998-08-18 | 2001-09-20 | Rau Gregory H. | Method and apparatus for extracting and sequestering carbon dioxide |
| US6890497B2 (en) | 1998-08-18 | 2005-05-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Method for extracting and sequestering carbon dioxide |
| US20030059355A1 (en) * | 2001-08-02 | 2003-03-27 | Shane Chen | Method for generating carbon dioxide |
| US6866702B2 (en) * | 2003-01-29 | 2005-03-15 | International Environmental Conservative Association, Inc. | Device for absorbing carbon dioxide, and a method for absorbing carbon dioxide |
| US7914758B2 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2011-03-29 | Murray Kenneth D | Captured CO2 from atmospheric, industrial and vehicle combustion waste |
| AT512153B1 (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-06-15 | Knoch Kern & Co Kg | Process for recovering carbon dioxide |
| AT512153A4 (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-06-15 | Knoch Kern & Co Kg | Process for recovering carbon dioxide |
| EP2638953A3 (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2015-08-26 | Knoch, Kern & Co. | Method for the recovery of carbon dioxide |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4082835A (en) | Removal of SO2 from gases | |
| US4107015A (en) | Method for removal of SO2 from gases | |
| US3660023A (en) | Process for recovering carbon dioxide from stack gas | |
| US4385039A (en) | Process for removal of sulfur oxides from waste gases | |
| US3674429A (en) | Adsorption process for water and nitrogen oxides | |
| US3438722A (en) | Removal of sulfur oxides from flue gas | |
| US3574543A (en) | Carbonaceous process for recovering sulfur values | |
| GB2203674A (en) | Co2/n2 production process | |
| US3911084A (en) | Process for separating sulfur oxides from gas streams | |
| GB1501195A (en) | Method of removing co2 and/or h2s from a gaseous mixture containing same | |
| US3868444A (en) | Process for the preparation of porous sodium bicarbonate | |
| US4481172A (en) | Process for removal of sulfur oxides from waste gases | |
| EP0217928A1 (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A BICARBONATE ORBENT FOR SMOKE GAS DESULFURATION. | |
| US4044101A (en) | Method of treating exhaust gases containing nitrogen oxides and sulfurous acid gas | |
| JPS6036305A (en) | Continuous manufacture of enzyme | |
| US4048292A (en) | CO purification process | |
| KR20250075609A (en) | Method and device for low-temperature regeneration of acid gas absorbing composition using catalyst | |
| US2997366A (en) | Gas purification | |
| US3667908A (en) | Removal and recovery of sulfur oxides from gases | |
| JPH0521610B2 (en) | ||
| US2824886A (en) | Regeneration of cuprous ammonium salt material | |
| CA1171242A (en) | Process for removal of oxides from waste gases | |
| US2950173A (en) | Process for separating carbon dioxide from ammonia in the production of melamine from urea | |
| US1311175A (en) | Herbert h | |
| US1988524A (en) | Method of obtaining magnesium carbonate |