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US3649326A - Coated article and method of forming the same - Google Patents

Coated article and method of forming the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3649326A
US3649326A US811083A US3649326DA US3649326A US 3649326 A US3649326 A US 3649326A US 811083 A US811083 A US 811083A US 3649326D A US3649326D A US 3649326DA US 3649326 A US3649326 A US 3649326A
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Prior art keywords
coating
article
cloud
coated article
portions
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US811083A
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William J Cole
Edward R Olshaske
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Brunswick Corp
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Brunswick Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
    • B05D1/22—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping using fluidised-bed technique
    • B05D1/24—Applying particulate materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63D—BOWLING GAMES, e.g. SKITTLES, BOCCE OR BOWLS; INSTALLATIONS THEREFOR; BAGATELLE OR SIMILAR GAMES; BILLIARDS
    • A63D9/00—Pins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
    • B05D7/08—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood using synthetic lacquers or varnishes
    • B05D7/10—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood using synthetic lacquers or varnishes based on cellulose derivatives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/002—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials the substrate being rotated

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A coated article such as a bowling pin and method of forming such a coated article.
  • the article may comprise an extended life bowling pin having portions of different wear susceptibility wherein those portions having greatest wear susceptibility are provided with thickest coating portions.
  • the method comprehends an electrostatic retention of the coating forming material delivered to the article body from a charged cloud thereof. The cloud formation and electrostatic potential are coordinated to effect the desired coating thickness control.
  • the coating material is fused subsequent to the deposition to form a variable depth coating having an external configuration accurately defining the coated article.
  • the present invention comprehends an improved method of coating articles and in particular a method of forming an article such as an extended life bowling pin wherein a coating is provided on the article by delivering the material to the article as a result of the formation of a cloud of the coating material surrounding the article.
  • the coating material is caused to remain adhered to the article by a controlled electrostatic attraction for subsequent fusing of the coating material on the article surface.
  • the article may have a coating wherein the greatest depth of the coating may be at a greatest wear susceptibility portion.
  • the article is a bowling pin
  • the greatest depth is at the rounded portions of the head and belly of the pin where greatest wear normally occurs in use.
  • the resultant product is resultingly caused to have an external configuration accurately defining the desired coated article.
  • FIG, I is a schematic isometric view with portions broken away illustrating a method of forming a coated article embodying the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary vertical section thereof
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating the step of fusing of the coating material on the article.
  • FIG. 4 is an elevation of a bowling pin embodying the invention with a portion broken away to show the coating thereon.
  • a method of forming a coated article comprises the steps of disposing an article to be coated in a cloud 11 of coating material, causing the coating material to be retained on the article 10 by electrostatic means generally designated 12 in the form of a thin layer 13.
  • the deposited layer 13 is then fused by suitable fusing means generally designated 14 to define the coated article 15.
  • the coated article 15 comprises a coated bowling pin having a wood body 10, comprising a suitable plastic material, such as cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose, etc.
  • body 10 is disposed in a cloud chamber 16 defined by a cabinet 17 and is supported on a rotatable carrier 18 to extend axially horizontally in the chamber.
  • Carrier 18 may be rotated by suitable means, illustratively shown as an electric motor 19 and belt drive 20.
  • the drive system may be carried on a suitable base 21 which is electrically connected to the carrier 18 by suitable conductive axle 22.
  • Carrier 18 is arranged to support body 10, as shown in FIG. 2, at the upper boundary of a cloud 11 of plastic powder which may be produced by introduction of air under pressure through an inlet 23 below a foraminous plate 24 which carries a quantity 25 of the powdered plastic.
  • the air passing upwardly through the powdered plastic forms the cloud ll surrounding the lower portion of the pin.
  • the powdered plastic comprises cellulose acetate butyrate or ethyl cellulose
  • it may have a particle size of approximately 20 to 300 microns.
  • a preferred size range is from approximately 50 to 150 microns.
  • the air may be introduced at a pressure of approximately 1 pound p.s.i. to provide the desired cloud 11.
  • the cloud ll delivers the powder only to the downwardly disposed portion of the pin body 10 as it rotates.
  • an electrostatic charge may be imparted to the powdered material adjacent plane 24.
  • the electrostatic charging means 12 may include a zigzag grid assembly 26 of bare wires 27 carried on suitable insulating supports 28.
  • a high voltage power supply 29 is connected through a positive lead 30 to the support base 21 and through a negative lead 31 to the wires 27,
  • Power supply 29 preferably comprises an electrostatic charging device producing a voltage differential between the grid assembly 26 and the pin body 10 such as less than approximately 30 kilovolts to effect the desired retention while yet precluding the charging effect from controlling the deposition and causing a substantially uniform depth of deposition.
  • a current limiting resistor 32 may be provided in the power supply lead 31 for controlling the current flow through the system.
  • the article 10 may be provided with a coating of plastic material by depositing the powdered plastic onto the surface of the article whereon it is retained electrostatically. It is preferable that the article have a limited conductivity to effect the desired particle retention. lllustratively, where the product comprises a bowling pin, the article 10 may be formed of wood having a moisture content of approximately 6 to 9 percent. Where low conductivity articles are to be coated by the disclosed method, surface treatment, as by prior coating of the surface with a conductive material, may be effected prior to the plastic coating operation. The article 10 is slowly rotated in the cloud 11 to assure a desired deposition of the powdered plastic on the outer surface thereof.
  • the enlarged portions 10a and 10b of the article effectively define areas of electrostatic concentration whereby a thicker coating of the powdered plastic is retained thereon as compared to the thickness of the coating at other portions of the article.
  • the article 10 comprises a bowling pin
  • the belly portion and head portion 10b comprise surface portions of relatively large wear susceptibility and, thus, the disclosed process provides an improved bowling pin wherein the greatest depth of the coating is at the areas of greatest wear susceptibility.
  • the electrostatic charge retains the powdered plastic on the article 10 to permit subsequent fusion thereof by a suitable fusing step.
  • the retained powdered plastic may be fused by treatment in fusing means 14 with a suitable solvent vapor 33, such as trichlorethylene, in a suitable tank 34, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • a suitable solvent vapor 33 such as trichlorethylene
  • the resultant bowling pin 15 thus is provided with a variable thickness coating 35 which is bonded to the base article 10 to define an improved extended life bowling pin with the greatest depth of the protective plastic coating being provided at the greatest wear susceptibility portions, which are portions 3a and 3b corresponding to portions 10a and 10b of the base article 10.
  • the deposition may be suitably controlled to assure that the bowling pin 15 has an external configuration accurately defining the desired pin.
  • the coating defines an externally hard wear resistant layer throughout, providing long, useful life at effectively minimum cost.
  • the invention comprehends the provision of cloud 11 from the mass of powdered plastic 25 independently of the electrostatic charge means 12.
  • the powdered plastic is delivered to the article by the mechanism of flowing air, in contradistinction to known methods of coating articles by electrostatic attraction.
  • the particles are caused to be retained on the article surface by the electrostatic charges.
  • a method of coating a bowling pin comprising the steps of:

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A coated article such as a bowling pin and method of forming such a coated article. The article may comprise an extended life bowling pin having portions of different wear susceptibility wherein those portions having greatest wear susceptibility are provided with thickest coating portions. The method comprehends an electrostatic retention of the coating forming material delivered to the article body from a charged cloud thereof. The cloud formation and electrostatic potential are coordinated to effect the desired coating thickness control. The coating material is fused subsequent to the deposition to form a variable depth coating having an external configuration accurately defining the coated article.

Description

United States Patent Cole et a1.
[54] COATED ARTICLE AND METHOD OF FORMING THE SAME [72] Inventors: William J. Cole; Edward R. Olshaske, both of Muskegon, Mich.
[73] Assignee: Brunswick Corporation [22] Filed: Mar. 27, 1969 [21] Appl. No.: 811,083
[52] U.S.Cl. ..117/17, l17/D1G. 6, 117/21, 1 18/416, 1 18/629, 273/82 R [51] Int. Cl. ..B05b 5/02, B44d 1/095 [58] FieldofSearch ..117/17,17.5,21F,21B,DIG.6
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 398,995 3/1889 Atterbury ..65/60 685,512 10/1901 Hanks 117/17 2,097,233 10/1937 Mest0n.. ..41/1 2,968,485 1/1961 Aler ..117/72 3,019,126 1/1962 Bartholomew... ...117/93.2 X 3,108,022 10/1963 Church ..1 17/21 X 3,248,253 4/1966 Barford et a1 ..11'7/17 [451 Mar. 14, 1972 3,336,903 8/1967 Point ..117/17 X 3,419,409 12/1968 Dettling ..1 17/18 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Halliday et al., p. 574, 1961, Physics.
Primary ExaminerWi1liam D. Martin Assistant ExaminerBernard D. Pianalto Attorney-Hofgren, Wegner, Allen, Stellman & McCord 57] ABSTRACT A coated article such as a bowling pin and method of forming such a coated article. The article may comprise an extended life bowling pin having portions of different wear susceptibility wherein those portions having greatest wear susceptibility are provided with thickest coating portions. The method comprehends an electrostatic retention of the coating forming material delivered to the article body from a charged cloud thereof. The cloud formation and electrostatic potential are coordinated to effect the desired coating thickness control. The coating material is fused subsequent to the deposition to form a variable depth coating having an external configuration accurately defining the coated article.
3 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures COATED ARTICLE AND METHOD OF FORMING THE SAME BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to coating of articles such as bowling pins and the like and in particular to method of forming coatings thereon.
2. Description of the Prior Art One method of coating objects, such as bowling pins, utilized heretofore in the coating art, has been to form a fluidized bed of coating material and introduce a heated object to be coated momentarily into the bed to cause the fluidized material to fuse on the surface of the heated object. Another method of coating articles with a fluidized material has been to suspend the object above a fluidized bed and electrostatically cause the coating particles to rise from the upper surface of the bed to the superjacent article solely as a result of the electrostatic attraction. Further, it is known to cause the deposit of a coating from a cloud of particles formed solely by electrostatic charges.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprehends an improved method of coating articles and in particular a method of forming an article such as an extended life bowling pin wherein a coating is provided on the article by delivering the material to the article as a result of the formation of a cloud of the coating material surrounding the article. The coating material is caused to remain adhered to the article by a controlled electrostatic attraction for subsequent fusing of the coating material on the article surface. By this means, the article may have a coating wherein the greatest depth of the coating may be at a greatest wear susceptibility portion. lllustratively, where the article is a bowling pin, the greatest depth is at the rounded portions of the head and belly of the pin where greatest wear normally occurs in use. The resultant product is resultingly caused to have an external configuration accurately defining the desired coated article.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG, I is a schematic isometric view with portions broken away illustrating a method of forming a coated article embodying the invention;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary vertical section thereof;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating the step of fusing of the coating material on the article; and
FIG. 4 is an elevation of a bowling pin embodying the invention with a portion broken away to show the coating thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the exemplary embodiment of the invention as disclosed in the drawing, a method of forming a coated article is shown to comprise the steps of disposing an article to be coated in a cloud 11 of coating material, causing the coating material to be retained on the article 10 by electrostatic means generally designated 12 in the form of a thin layer 13. The deposited layer 13 is then fused by suitable fusing means generally designated 14 to define the coated article 15. In the illustrated embodiment, the coated article 15 comprises a coated bowling pin having a wood body 10, comprising a suitable plastic material, such as cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose, etc.
As shown in FIG. 1, body 10 is disposed in a cloud chamber 16 defined by a cabinet 17 and is supported on a rotatable carrier 18 to extend axially horizontally in the chamber. Carrier 18 may be rotated by suitable means, illustratively shown as an electric motor 19 and belt drive 20. The drive system may be carried on a suitable base 21 which is electrically connected to the carrier 18 by suitable conductive axle 22. Carrier 18 is arranged to support body 10, as shown in FIG. 2, at the upper boundary of a cloud 11 of plastic powder which may be produced by introduction of air under pressure through an inlet 23 below a foraminous plate 24 which carries a quantity 25 of the powdered plastic. The air passing upwardly through the powdered plastic forms the cloud ll surrounding the lower portion of the pin. lllustratively, where the powdered plastic comprises cellulose acetate butyrate or ethyl cellulose, it may have a particle size of approximately 20 to 300 microns. A preferred size range is from approximately 50 to 150 microns. With such powder, the air may be introduced at a pressure of approximately 1 pound p.s.i. to provide the desired cloud 11.
Thus, the cloud ll delivers the powder only to the downwardly disposed portion of the pin body 10 as it rotates. To cause the powder to be retained on the body 10 for subsequent fusing, an electrostatic charge may be imparted to the powdered material adjacent plane 24. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the electrostatic charging means 12 may include a zigzag grid assembly 26 of bare wires 27 carried on suitable insulating supports 28. A high voltage power supply 29 is connected through a positive lead 30 to the support base 21 and through a negative lead 31 to the wires 27, Power supply 29 preferably comprises an electrostatic charging device producing a voltage differential between the grid assembly 26 and the pin body 10 such as less than approximately 30 kilovolts to effect the desired retention while yet precluding the charging effect from controlling the deposition and causing a substantially uniform depth of deposition. A current limiting resistor 32 may be provided in the power supply lead 31 for controlling the current flow through the system.
Thus, the article 10 may be provided with a coating of plastic material by depositing the powdered plastic onto the surface of the article whereon it is retained electrostatically. It is preferable that the article have a limited conductivity to effect the desired particle retention. lllustratively, where the product comprises a bowling pin, the article 10 may be formed of wood having a moisture content of approximately 6 to 9 percent. Where low conductivity articles are to be coated by the disclosed method, surface treatment, as by prior coating of the surface with a conductive material, may be effected prior to the plastic coating operation. The article 10 is slowly rotated in the cloud 11 to assure a desired deposition of the powdered plastic on the outer surface thereof. The enlarged portions 10a and 10b of the article effectively define areas of electrostatic concentration whereby a thicker coating of the powdered plastic is retained thereon as compared to the thickness of the coating at other portions of the article. Where the article 10 comprises a bowling pin, the belly portion and head portion 10b comprise surface portions of relatively large wear susceptibility and, thus, the disclosed process provides an improved bowling pin wherein the greatest depth of the coating is at the areas of greatest wear susceptibility. As discussed above, the electrostatic charge retains the powdered plastic on the article 10 to permit subsequent fusion thereof by a suitable fusing step. lllustratively, the retained powdered plastic may be fused by treatment in fusing means 14 with a suitable solvent vapor 33, such as trichlorethylene, in a suitable tank 34, as shown in FIG. 3. The resultant bowling pin 15 thus is provided with a variable thickness coating 35 which is bonded to the base article 10 to define an improved extended life bowling pin with the greatest depth of the protective plastic coating being provided at the greatest wear susceptibility portions, which are portions 3a and 3b corresponding to portions 10a and 10b of the base article 10. The deposition may be suitably controlled to assure that the bowling pin 15 has an external configuration accurately defining the desired pin. The coating defines an externally hard wear resistant layer throughout, providing long, useful life at effectively minimum cost.
The invention comprehends the provision of cloud 11 from the mass of powdered plastic 25 independently of the electrostatic charge means 12. Thus, in the disclosed method of forming the coated article, the powdered plastic is delivered to the article by the mechanism of flowing air, in contradistinction to known methods of coating articles by electrostatic attraction. In the present method, the particles are caused to be retained on the article surface by the electrostatic charges.
The foregoing disclosure of specific embodiments is illustrative of the broad inventive concepts comprehended by the invention.
We claim:
1. A method of coating a bowling pin comprising the steps of:
providing an uncoated bowling pin body having an external configuration similar to and slightly smaller than the pin to be formed;
providing a fluidized bed of particles of a plastic coating material subjacent said body;
supporting said pin body substantially horizontally above said fluidized bed;
introducing into said fluidized bed an excess amount of fluid sufficient to form from said fluidized bed a superjacent cloud of said powdered plastic material and to cause said cloud to extend upwardly and surround the lower portions of said horizontai pin body;
causing an electrostatic potential to exist between said plastic coating material in said cloud and said pin body, rotating said pin body about its longitudinal axis and through said cloud of particles of plastic coating material so that said plastic coating material is caused to be elec trostatically retained on the pin body with a thicker coating at the belly and head portions of the pin body; and
fusing said retained plastic coating material to form a coating on said pin body, said coated pin body having an external configuration conforming to that of a desired finished pin.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said cloud is formed to have said plastic coating material move toward said pin body preponderantly generally in one direction.
3. The method of claim I wherein said cloud of powdered plastic material is formed to have said coating material move upwardly to said body.

Claims (2)

  1. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein said cloud is formed to have said plastic coating material move toward said pin body preponderantly generally in one direction.
  2. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein said cloud of powdered plastic material is formed to have said coating material move upwardly to said body.
US811083A 1969-03-27 1969-03-27 Coated article and method of forming the same Expired - Lifetime US3649326A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3924020A (en) * 1973-12-13 1975-12-02 Anchor Hocking Corp Method of making a thermoplastic ink decorated, polymer coated glass article
US3937854A (en) * 1973-07-12 1976-02-10 Anchor Hocking Corporation Method of making a thermoplastic ink decorated, polymer coated glass article
US3989859A (en) * 1974-11-14 1976-11-02 Koerper Engineering Associates, Inc. Coating entire surface of three-dimensional article with heat fusible plastic
US4091827A (en) * 1976-08-16 1978-05-30 Kotaro Tsukamoto Edulcoration equipment for wire coils
FR2725385A1 (en) * 1994-10-06 1996-04-12 Lebioda Robert PROCESS AND INSTALLATION OF ELECTROSTATIC PAINTING OF PARTS MADE OF DIELECTRIC OR LOW CONDUCTIVE MATERIAL AND ELECTRODE USED
WO1997037770A1 (en) * 1996-04-11 1997-10-16 Lcs International Sa Process for painting elements made of dielectric or low conducting material, electrode for an electrostatic painting facility for elements made of dielectric or low conducting material and painting facility
US6558752B2 (en) * 2000-05-24 2003-05-06 Nordson Corporation Electrostatic fluidized bed coating method and apparatus
WO2017144782A1 (en) * 2016-02-26 2017-08-31 Beneq Oy Improved aerosol coating device and method

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010027179B3 (en) * 2010-07-14 2011-11-10 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Production of automotive components e.g. structural/body parts of a car, comprises heating metal part in fluidized bed and subjecting metal part to forming, hardening or aging process, and forming metal part in warm state

Citations (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US398995A (en) * 1889-03-05 atterbur y
US685512A (en) * 1900-04-24 1901-10-29 George Westinghouse Method of treating nernst-lamp glowers.
US2097233A (en) * 1934-03-31 1937-10-26 Research Corp Electrical deposition in pattern form
US2968485A (en) * 1958-11-19 1961-01-17 Richard P Aler Bowling pin
US3019126A (en) * 1959-03-24 1962-01-30 United States Steel Corp Method and apparatus for coating metal strip and wire
US3108022A (en) * 1960-05-09 1963-10-22 Polymer Processes Inc Apparatus for coating an elongate body with fluidized coating material
US3248253A (en) * 1962-06-22 1966-04-26 Sames Sa De Machines Electrost Electrostatic transfer method and apparatus for coating articles with a fluidized composition
US3336903A (en) * 1963-04-24 1967-08-22 Sames Sa De Machines Electrost Electrostatic coating apparatus
US3419409A (en) * 1967-04-03 1968-12-31 Polymer Corp Process for coating

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JPS4319953Y1 (en) * 1965-10-27 1968-08-21

Patent Citations (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US398995A (en) * 1889-03-05 atterbur y
US685512A (en) * 1900-04-24 1901-10-29 George Westinghouse Method of treating nernst-lamp glowers.
US2097233A (en) * 1934-03-31 1937-10-26 Research Corp Electrical deposition in pattern form
US2968485A (en) * 1958-11-19 1961-01-17 Richard P Aler Bowling pin
US3019126A (en) * 1959-03-24 1962-01-30 United States Steel Corp Method and apparatus for coating metal strip and wire
US3108022A (en) * 1960-05-09 1963-10-22 Polymer Processes Inc Apparatus for coating an elongate body with fluidized coating material
US3248253A (en) * 1962-06-22 1966-04-26 Sames Sa De Machines Electrost Electrostatic transfer method and apparatus for coating articles with a fluidized composition
US3336903A (en) * 1963-04-24 1967-08-22 Sames Sa De Machines Electrost Electrostatic coating apparatus
US3419409A (en) * 1967-04-03 1968-12-31 Polymer Corp Process for coating

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Title
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3937854A (en) * 1973-07-12 1976-02-10 Anchor Hocking Corporation Method of making a thermoplastic ink decorated, polymer coated glass article
US3924020A (en) * 1973-12-13 1975-12-02 Anchor Hocking Corp Method of making a thermoplastic ink decorated, polymer coated glass article
US3989859A (en) * 1974-11-14 1976-11-02 Koerper Engineering Associates, Inc. Coating entire surface of three-dimensional article with heat fusible plastic
US4091827A (en) * 1976-08-16 1978-05-30 Kotaro Tsukamoto Edulcoration equipment for wire coils
FR2725385A1 (en) * 1994-10-06 1996-04-12 Lebioda Robert PROCESS AND INSTALLATION OF ELECTROSTATIC PAINTING OF PARTS MADE OF DIELECTRIC OR LOW CONDUCTIVE MATERIAL AND ELECTRODE USED
WO1996011063A1 (en) * 1994-10-06 1996-04-18 Societe Civile Scbp Method and apparatus for electrostatically painting parts made of dielectric or low-conductivity material
WO1997037770A1 (en) * 1996-04-11 1997-10-16 Lcs International Sa Process for painting elements made of dielectric or low conducting material, electrode for an electrostatic painting facility for elements made of dielectric or low conducting material and painting facility
US6558752B2 (en) * 2000-05-24 2003-05-06 Nordson Corporation Electrostatic fluidized bed coating method and apparatus
WO2017144782A1 (en) * 2016-02-26 2017-08-31 Beneq Oy Improved aerosol coating device and method
CN108495719A (en) * 2016-02-26 2018-09-04 倍耐克有限公司 Improved aerosol apparatus for coating and method

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SE371784B (en) 1974-12-02
GB1306537A (en) 1973-02-14
DE2014485A1 (en) 1970-10-29
JPS5031069B1 (en) 1975-10-07

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