US352098A - prosch - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) E'Sheets-Shee't 1.

O. P-ROSOH.

SHUTTER FOR 'PHOTOGRAPHIO GAMBRAS.

Patented Nov. 2,1886.

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SHUTTER FOR PHOTOGRAPHIO-GAMBRAS No. 352,098. Patented Nov. 2, 1886.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CYRUS PROSQH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE PROSOH MANU- FACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

SHUTTER FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 352,098, dated November 2, 1886.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CYRUS PROSOI-I, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Shut ters for Photographic Cameras, of which the following is a specification,reference being had to the annexed drawings, forming apart thereof, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of my-improved shutter. Fig. 2 is arear elevation. Fig. 3 is a plan view. Fig. 4 is an interior view of the shutter-case, showing the shutter in a closed position. Fig. 5 is an enlarged rear View. Fig. 6 is an enlarged inverted plan view. Fig. 7 is an enlarged front View showing one of the positions of the shutter in dotted lines. Fig. 8 is an enlarged front view showing the shutter in another position in dotted lines. Fig. 9 is a partial plan view showing the actuatinglever of the shutter mechanism.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different figures of the drawings.

The object of my invention is to provide an easily-regulated shutter for photographic cameras which can be readily used to make either instantaneous or time exposures, and which is capable of the greatest rapidity of operation with the least possible jarring of the camera, and also to provide a trigger or release for same which shall operate easily under the strongest pressure of the motive-spring.

My invention consists in apair of apertured shutters pivotedin a case intersecting the camera-tube, and arranged to swing past each other to open and close the camera-tube, and in a spring-actuated lever arranged to operate both shutters simultaneously; also in an escapement of peculiar construction arranged to retain or release the lever.

It also consists in an arrangement of parts whereby the escapement may be adjusted so as to allow the shutters to make only half-of their excursion for each impulse of the releasing mechanism, so that the shutters may be opened by one impulse and closed by another, to secure a time exposure.

It also further consists in a pneumatic device for operating the escapement.

The camera-tube A is intersected by a thin casing, 13, of curvilinear triangular form, in which are pivoted two sector-shaped shutters, O 0', upon the pivots a. The shutters O O are slotted at the points opposite their pivots in adjacent edges, and in the wider ends of the shutters are trapezoidal openings 2). Between the trapezoidal openings 1) and the edges of the shutters solid parts a c and d d are left.

In the casing B, midway between the pivots a of the shutters O 0, there is a slot, (2, and in front of the casing 13, near one edge thereof, is pivoted a lever, D, on a screw, f.

From the rear surface of the lever a pin, 9, projects through the slot 6 and through the slots h in the shutters, so that the movement of the lever D up and down will cause the shutters O O to move in opposite directions past each other. D a stud, 1', projects through a hole in the casing 13, and is engaged by a spring, E, formed of a straight part,j, a spiral, k, wound around the stud Z, and the arm at, extending forward over a curved notched bar, F,secured to the back of the casing B. By placing the arm at of the spring E in one or the other of the notches of the curved bar F the pressure of the spring E upon the stud i can be varied.

The lever D is provided in its free end with a rectangular notch, 12, and a spring, 0, secured to the outer side of the lever by a screw, p, is provided with an aperture, g, which receives the grooved end of an internallythreaded sleeve, 0*, which turns on the threaded stud s, projecting at right angles from the outer face of the lever D. The free end of the spring carries a triangular stud, t, which in its normal position is opposite the center of the notch a in the end of the lever D. The end of the spring 0,'betwee11 the screwp and the pivot of the lever D, is reduced in width to admit of the lateral turning of the spring within certain limits, and the narrower end of the spring is received in the slot of the stud 0, projecting from the face of the lever D.

Near the free end of the lever D, and in a sleeve, u, projecting from the back of the easing B, is journaled a shaft, 22, having on its outer end a stud, w, of triangular form, with one of its angles near the center of the shaft. The shaft 2;, on the outer side of the casing B,

Near the pivot of the lever is provided with a hand-lever, to, having one end arranged so that it may be operated by the hand, and having in the other end a slot, 11.

On the back of the casing B is secured'a small pneumatic cylinder, 0, which is open at one end, and is closed at the other by a tubulated plug, (1, which receives a rubber tube, 0, communicating with a flexible bulb, f. In the open end of the cylinder 0 is inserted a cylindrical piston, g, which projects beyond the end of the cylinder, and is provided with a stud, h, which extends through the slot t" in the casing B, and is received in the slot 1/ of the lever a. A stop, is secured to the front of the casing, for limiting the upward motion of the lever D.

The bulbf, by which air is compressed to transmit motion to the piston g, is provided with an eyelet, 7c, in one end thereof, which is provided with a very small aperture to allow a very small quantity of air to escape from the bulb, to create a quite complete vacuum, which is required when a time exposure is to be made.

In one side of the camera-tube A, at the side of the casing B, is formed a slot, H, in which is inserted an oblong diaphragm-plate, G, having an aperture of any desired size. The plate G projects beyond the side of the tube A, over the surface of the casing B. and a screw, 1, passing through the casin g B, bears against the side of the diaphragm-plate G, and holds it in its position in the tube.

The operation of my improved shutter is as follows: When it is desired to produeean instantaneous exposure of the photographic plate, the spring E is put under sufficient compression to cause the lever D and the shutters G 0, connected therewith, to move with the desired rapidity. The lever D is then depressed until it is brought into contact with the triangular stud w, projecting from the end of the shaft 1). The shaft 1; is then turned, by means of the lever a, until the lever D passes the stud to, when the shaft 1; is returned to its original position, with the triangular stud 20 above the lever D, as shown in Fig. 5. In moving thelever D downward the solid parts d d of the shutters will be moved away from each other, causing the trapezoidal openings b to pass each other and bring the solid parts 0 opposite the opening of the cameratube, closing the tube. \Vhen the shutters are in this position, the lever is depressed to its lowest point. The longer face of the triangular stud w rests upon the top of the lever D, as

shown in Fig. 5. The end of the lever D exerts a pressure in a line with the center (or nearly so) of the shaft oa dead-center. The camera having been adjusted and focused, and the sensitive plate having been placed in the camera, the shutters having been closed in the manner described, the camera is ready for the exposure of the plate. This is effected by compressing the bulb f in the hand, forcing the air into the cylinder 0, pushing up the piston g,which, by its engagement with'the lever a through the stud h, turns the lever to, and the shaft 2;, to which it is secured, carrying the stud over the end of the lever D, allowing the lever to escape, when the spring E presses the lever upward, and the lever, by its engagement with the shutters O 0, turns them on their pivots, causing the shutters to pass each other, bringing the trapezoidal openings 7) opposite each other for an instant, and finally closing the opening of the cameratube by bringing the solid parts (Z of the shutters opposite each other, closing the tube, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2.

The speed of the closing of the shutters may be varied by increasing the pressure of the spring E, by raising the arm of the spring at and retaining it in a raised position by bringing it into engagement with one of the upper teeth of the notched bar F.

\Vhen it is desired to make a time exposure, the spring ois moved forward toward the face of the lever D, bringing it near the face of the lever without touching it, by turning the threaded sleeve 1'. This operation brings the triangular stud topposite the center of the notch a. When it is desired to make a time exposure, the motive-spring E is placed at a low tension. The lever D is depressed and brought to a locked position, as for an instantaneous exposure. The spring 0, which is now in the position shown in Fig. 3,. is then brought close to the face of the lever D, as shown in Fig. 9, by turning the threaded sleeve 1'. This brings the triangular stud t in a position to engage with the stud w on the release-shaft c.

When it is desired to make the exposure of the plate, the bulb f is compressed, forcing the piston g outward, turning the lever a and the stud w, allowing the lever D to escape from the stud, and to make half of its upward excursion, the lever being arrested at the moment the trapezoidal openings 1) coincide by the engagement of the triangular stud with the stud t,proj ecting from the back of the spring 0. Immediately after the compression of the bulb f it is allowed to quickly expand, producing a partial vacuum, which draws back the piston 9 into the cylinder 0, turning the lever a into the position of starting, bringing the triangular stud into engagement with the end of the lever at the lower side of the notch n, as shown in Fig. 7. When in the upward movement of the lever D it is arrested by the engagement of the stud to with the stud t, projecting from the spring 0, the spring 0 yields sufficiently to bring the upper surface of the stud t, projecting therefrom, even with the lower side of the notch, so that the transfer of the triangular stud w from the stud t to the end of the lever at the lower side of the notch does not permit the lever D to move. The spring 0 then resumes its normal position. This operation is very materially aided by the eyelet or vent in the air-bulb f, which, when the bulb is compressed, allows the escape of air from it, creating a very perfect vacuum in the bulb, tube, and pistoncylinder, which, when the bulb is quickly allowed to expand, as the air can re-enter the vent but very slowly, op-

crates with much force on the piston 9. After the plate has been exposed a suflicient length of time, the bulb f isagain compressed, forcing the piston 9 out of the cylinder 0, thereby turning the lever a. and the stud w in the manner already described, allowing the end of the lever D to escape from the stud w and close the shutters by bringing the solid parts (1 d of the shutters opposite the opening of the tube, as in the case before described.

By means of my improved shutters I am enabled to make instantaneous exposures, and am able to regulate the time of the exposure by varying the pressure of the spring E; and I. may readily adjust the parts so as to produce a time exposure of any desired length, and quickly open and close the shutters at the beginning of the exposure.

it is obvious that other meansthan the pneumatic cylinder and bulb may be employed for releasing the lever D, and, if desirable, the lever a may be turned by hand to release the lever D, thus obviating the necessity of employing the pneumatic bulb and cylinder. It is also obvious that there are various other ways of applying the motive force.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a photographic-camera shutter, two similar shutters. O G, oppositely arranged with respect to each other and provided with trapezoidal openings p, with solid portions 0 (Z, opposite sides thereof, and having slots It formed radially with reference to the pivots of the shutters, and in the combination therewith of a pin, r inserted in both slots and arranged to move the shutters in opposite directions, to effect the opening and closing of the aperture of the camera by the continued movement of the pin h in one direction, substantially as herein specified.

2. In a photographic-camera shutter, the combination of the casing B, apertured shutters G 0, supported 011 pivots a in the casing, and provided with slots h, arranged approximately at right angles with the arms of the shutters,in adjacent sides thereof, the lever D,

provided with the pin 9, projecting through the slot in the casing B and entering the slots h of the shutters, and means for moving the lever D, substantially as herein shown and described.

3. In a photographic-camera shutter, the combination of the casing B,shutters O O, pivoted therein and provided with slots h, the lever D, and pin y,projecting therefrom through the side of the casing B and into the slots h of the shutters, the shaft '0, and triangular stud 10, carried thereby, and means for turning the shaft 22, substantially as herein shown and described.

4. In a photographic-camera shutter, the combination of the apertured and pivoted shutters O 0, provided with slots h, the lever D, provided with a pin, 9, projecting into the slots h of the shutter, the shaft '0, and stud w, projecting from the end thereof, the adjustable spring E, the slotted lever a, the pneumatic cylinder 0, and the piston 57, fitted there to and provided with the stud h, projecting into the slot of the lever to, substantially as herein shown and described.

5. In a photographic-camera shutter, the casing B, the apertured and pivoted shutters G 0, provided with the slots h, the lever D, provided with the pin 9, projecting into the slots of the shutter, the lever having formed in the end thereof a notch, n, the adjustable spring 0, carrying the stud t, the shaft 1;, and the triangular stud w, projecting from the end thereof, the adjustable spring E, and means for turning the shaft 2), in combination, substantiall y as herein shown and described.

6. The combination, with a pneumatic cylinder, c, of a camera-shutter, of the bulb f, provided with the eyelet 70, for the expulsion ofair to the bulb, substantially as herein shown and described.

7. The combination, with the camera-tube A, of the casing B, intersecting the tube, the shutters O G, pivoted in the casing and pro vided with the slots h, the lever D, having studs 9 i, the adjustable spring E, and means for holding and releasing the lever D, substantially as herein shown and described.

8. In a photographicramera shutter, the combination of the tube A, the casing B, intersecting the tube, the apertured and pivoted shutters G 0, provided with slots h, the lever D, pivoted to the casing B and carrying pins 9 i, the adjustable spring E, notched bar F, the adjustable spring 0, provided with the stud t, the shaft 1), and triangular stud w, projecting therefrom, the slotted lever a, secured to the shaft 1), the pneumatic cylinder 0, and piston 9, working thereon and provided with the pin 12, the flexible bulbf, provided with 4 \Vitnesses:

GEO. M. HOPKINS, O. SEnewIoK.

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