US359960A - John e - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

J. R. CUMMINGS.

TYPE AND LEAD. No. 359,960. Patented M122, 1887.

UNITED STATES PA sNT Critic's.

JOHN R. CUMMINGS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN PRESS ASSOCIATION, OF SAME PLACE.

TYPE AND LEAD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 359,960. dated March 22, 1887.

Application filed June 23, 1586. Serial No. 206,011, (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: spective View of one of the leads. Fig. 3 is a Be it known that 1, JOHN R. CUMMINGs, a side view illustrating in detail a letter,a quad, citizen of the United States, residing at Chiand a space, the latter two, however, owing to cago, in the county of Cook and State of Illithe nature of theillustration,being represented 5 nois, haveinvented certain new and useful Imby the same character. Fig. 4. shows a modi- 55 provements in Types and Leads; and I do herefied form of construction of the quads and by declare the following to be afull, clear, and spaces. Fig. 5 shows a modified form of conexact description of the invention, such as will struction of the letters. Fig. 6 shows a modienable others skilled in the art to which it apfled form of construction of the lead, it being 10 pertains to make and use the same. formed with a bead or rib on each side. 60

My invention relates to an improvement in Referring to the drawings, A represents the types and leads especially adapted for use in letters, 13 the quads and spaces, and C the electrotyping, but useful wherever it is found leads. desirable to prevent letters, quads, spaces, or In carrying out my invention, I make the 15 leads from working up in the form. quads, spaces, and leads of such height as to 65 In Patent No. 337,744, granted to me on the come flush with the shoulder of the letters, in 9th day of March, 1886, I illustrated and de order that the wax mold may have an even surseribed a font of types, the spaces and quads face;'but this height may vary according to of which were provided with a rib or beard the purpose for which the types areto be used.

on one side and a recess on the opposite side, The letters, quads, and spaces of the font 73 while the shanks of the letters were provided have each a recess, a, formed in one side, as with a like recess in both sides, the object of shown in Figs. 1 and 3; but, if desired, the that construction being to cause the quads and recess may be formed in both sides of the quads spaces to interlock with the letters and be held and spaces, as shown in Fig. i; or, in addition 2 5 down flush with the shoulders of the letters to the quads and spaces so recessed, the letters 7 5 while the wax matrix was being made. Almay also be formed with a recess on each side. though a font of types so constructed answers as shown in Fig. 5. There is, however, an ad the purpose for which it was intended, it has, vantage in recessing the letters on but one nevertheless, 011 practical test, proved unsatside, for it a letter is set wrong side up it is 0 isfactory in the matters of composition,imposialmost certain to be discovered and corrected 80 Ton, and distribution, being tedious to set and before another line is set, because the lead will distribute,and open to the obj ection that often not fit unless the recesses form a continuous :1. turned space or quad would prevent the groove, which would not be the caseif one letsuccessful locking up of the whole page. By ter were turned wrong. On the other hand, it

3 5 my present invention, however, Ihaveavoided is desirable to have the quads and spaces and S 5 all objections on the part of compositors, the such characters as are commonly used in intypes being so constructed as to be as easily verted positions (as commas,quotation-marks, composed as ordinary types. hyphens, dashes, braces, brackets, 83c.) made My invention consists in the combination, with recesses in both sides, so that they maybe with letters having a recess formed in one side turned either wayindifferently thecharacters 90 and quads and spaces having a recess formed in order that they may be inverted when so rein two sides, the letters, quads, and spaces bequired, and the quads and spaces because it is ing set in a line, of a lead having a bead or the custom of compositors to set them either rib on one side, said bead or rib being so posiend up, in order to save the time necessary to tioned as to take into the recesses in said let= set them more carefully. 5 ters, quads, and spaces, and hold them in their The recesses in the letters, quads, and spaces proper positions. may be at any height below the top'of the two In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is latter; but it is preferable that they be exactly aperspcctive view of sufticicnt composed matmidway between the tops and bottoms of the t-er to illustrate my invention. Fig. 2is a perquads and spaces, as it is a habit of composi- 10o tors to set these pieces either end up, whichever happens to be most convenient, and if the recess is exactly in the middle such inverted quads and spaces will fit as well as if set with the proper end up and leads with either edge up.

The leads are made,preferably, of thin sheet brass, although it is evident other material willanswer the purpose. Along the longitudinal central portion of the lead there is formed a head or rib, d, for taking into the recesses in the letters, quads, and spaces. This bead or rib I have shown in Fig. 2 stamped up from the surface of the metal strip; but it may be formed in other ways-as, for instance, the lead may be cast or rolled with the bead or rib.

When all the letters, quads, and spaces of the font are recessed on both sides, it may be desirable to use leads having a rib on each side, as shown in Fig. 6.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is-- The combination, with letters having a recess formed in one side and quads and spaces having a recess formed .iutwo sides, the let-:

ters, quads, and spaces being set in a line, of

a lead having a bead or rib on one side, said head or rib being so positioned as to take into 1

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