US3587880A

US3587880A - Apparatus for charging a furnace

Info

Publication number: US3587880A
Application number: US847767*A
Authority: US
Inventors: Klaus W Forster; Donald W Schaper
Original assignee: Kerma Corp
Current assignee: Kerma Corp
Priority date: 1969-06-05
Filing date: 1969-06-05
Publication date: 1971-06-28
Anticipated expiration: 1988-06-28

Abstract

AN ARTICULATED CARRIAGE WITH TANDEM SECTIONS IS SUPPORTED AND GUIDED BY A TRACK FOR MOVEMENT TO A LOCATION ABOVE A STEEL-MAKING FURNACE, PREFERABLY OF THE BASIC OXYGEN TYPE, A FORWARD CARRIAGE SECTION CARRIES A CHARGE CONTAINER AND A FOLLOWING CARRIAGE SECTION DRIVES THE CARRIAGE ALONG THE TRACK. FORWARD MOVEMENT OF THE FRONT SECTION IS STOPPED ABOVE THE FURNACE AND CONTINUED MOVEMENT OF THE TRAILING SECTION JACKKNIFE THE CARRIAGE, TILTING THE FRONT SECTION AND CHARGE CONTAINER FORWARD. A PORTION OF THE TRACK ABOVE THE FURNACE IS ANGULARLY INCLINED DOWNWARDLY RELATIVE TO A PRECEDING PORTION OF THE TRACK TO INITATE TILTING OF THE FRONT SECTION OF THE CARRAIGE.

Description

United States Patent Inventors Appl. No Filed Patented Assignee APPARATUS FOR CHARGING A FURNACE 3 Claims, 13 Drawing Figs.

Int. Cl ..B66c 17/08, 1501b 25/22, B61d 15/12 Field of Search 214/19, 62;

Primary Examiner-Robert G. Sheridan Attorney-Watts, l-loffmann, Fisher and Heinke ABSTRACT: An articulated carriage with tandem sections is supported and guided by a track for movement to a location above a steel-making furnace, preferably of the basic oxygen type. A forward carriage section carries a charge container and a following carriage section drives the carriage along the track. Forward movement of the front section is stopped above the furnace and continued movement of the trailing section jackknife the carriage, tilting the front section and charge container forward. A portion of the track above the furnace is angularly inclined downwardly relative to a preceding portion of the track to initiate tilting of the front section of the carriage.

PATENTEU JUH28 Ian SHEET 2 OF 4 FWEWHW WM m .nlr

PATENTEU M28 81 8881.880

SHEET 3 OF 4 FIG.4

58 52 64 IO/ 49L INVENTOR5 KLAUS W. F'ORSTER DONALD W. SCHAPER BY W/ M fM ATTONEYS.

APPARATUS IFOR CHARGING A FURNACE RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a division of Application, Ser. No. 671,784, filed Sept. 29, I967, US. Pat. No. 3,497,089, Apparatus and Method for Charging a Furnace.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION The present invention provides economical apparatus that will carry a charge to a steel-making furnace and discharge the charge with minimal direct operator control. To this end, a track and an articulated carriage movable along the track are provided which carry a charge container, such as a ladle, and automatically tilt the container at a proper location to introduce the charge toa furnace. One important feature is that the tilting of the container is accomplished by the movement of the carriage along the track, eliminating the need from separately controlled means for conveying the charge and tilting the charge container. Also, the rate at which a charge, such as molten iron, is discharged from the container can be controlled. It is therefore a principle object of this invention to provide a track suitable for conveying an articulate carriage carrying material to be charged into a furnace from a loading position to a furnace so'constructed etc. that the carriage is tilted by changing the relative angular relationship of two sections of the carriage about a horizontal axis in response to movement of the carriage along the track in order to introduce a charge to a furnace.

Another object of this invention is to provide a track for an articulated carriage as described above, which terminates in a downwardly inclined portion that initiates relative pivoting of the two sections of the articulated carriage. In the preferred construction, the track includes two side-by-side guide members, each including a track surface and at least one including a rack means for engagement with cogs or teeth of a drive wheel of the carriage.

It is a further object of this invention to provide for the efficient and convenient charging of a steel-making furnace by supporting a carriage on wheels on opposite ends of the carriage and adjacent a transverse pivotal axis intermediate the ends, to carry a charge in a container by said carriage along a track to a furnace, and to dump the charge into a furnace by stopping the front of the carriage while continuing to drive a trailing portion of the carriage to raise the transverse pivotal axis and central portions of the pivoted sections of the carriage from the track so as to forwardly tilt the front section of the carriage.

These and other objects, features and advantage of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic, partial elevational view showing a carriage and track constructed and arranged in accordance with the present invention and the adjacent environment of a steel-making furnace;

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the horizontal track portion and carriage of FIG. I;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view through a track member of FIG. 2, taken along the line of 3-3 and looking in the direction of the arrows, and showing the carriage in side elevation;

FIG. 4 is an end elevational view taken from the right-hand side of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 4-4 of FIG. 2 and looking in the direction of the arrows, showing details of the ladle car of the carriage;

FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the ladle car of FIG. 2 with portions broken away, showing constructional details ofa ladle ring carried by the ladle car;

FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic view of the ladle car of FIG. 6 showing the manner in which the ladle ring and ladle can pivot relative to the car;

FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic view similar to FIG. 7, showing the manner in which the ladle ring and ladle can pivot in an opposite direction relative to the ladle car from that shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a fragmentary side elevational view taken along a plane similar to that of FIG. 3 through an inclined portion of the track to illustrate a safety ratchet carried on the carriage;

FIG. 10 is a partial side elevational view with a portion of one track guide member removed, illustrating the position of the carriage and ladle at the terminal end of the track adjacent a furnace, prior to tilting the ladle;

FIG. 11 is a side elevational view similar to FIG. 10, illustrating the manner in which the ladle car and ladle are tilted to introduce a charge to a steel-making furnace;

FIG. 12 is a partial side elevational view, with a part in section, of the terminal end of a track guide member viewed from the inside, illustrating details of a stop member for engaging and holding an axle of the carriage, and specifically showing the manner in which a portion of the axle is received prior to tilting of the carriage; and

FIG. 13 is a partial elevational view similar to FIG. 12 illustrating the manner in which an axle portion of the carriage is retained by the stop member when the ladle car is tilted.

A general arrangement of a furnace charging apparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 of the drawings. The apparatus is shown in connection with a conventional steel-making furnace vessel 20, and includes a track 22 and an articulated carriage 24 that carries a ladle 25 along the track from a loading area at which the carriage is shown in solid line, remote from the furnace, to a charging station above the furnace vessel 20, where the carriage and ladle are shown in phantom.

The furnace vessel 20 is of the type used in the basic oxygen process and is shown tilted to receive a furnace charge. The furnace can be further tilted after the charge is processed to discharge its contents into one or more ladles 26 and slag pots 28, which are carried on

transfer care

29, 30, respectively, on a track 31 at a level below the furnace vessel 20.

The track 22 that carries the carriage 24 includes a horizontal portion 22a at a first level beneath a platform support or floor 34, an upwardly inclined portion 22b extending from the horizontal portion to a higher level above the furnace vessel 20, and a terminal portion 22c that is inclined downwardly directly adjacent and above the furnace vessel 20 when the furnace vessel is tilted as shown in FIG. 1 to receive a charge. A molten iron transfer ladle 36, of the torpedo-type, is shown on tracks 38 that extend across the track 22 at the level of the platform or floor 34 above reinforcing beams 39. The transfer ladle 36 can be moved over the track 22 at the loading area to transfer molten pig iron to the ladle 25, which is then carried by the carriage 24 along the track 22 and charged into the furnace vessel 20.

The carriage 24 is in two sections and comprises a ladle carriage section or car 42 and a drive carriage section or car 44. The two carriage sections or cars are pivotally connected together in tandem by a horizontal transverse axle shaft 46 and are supported on three pairs of

wheels

47, 48, 49 that ride on the track 22.

As best shown in FIG. 2 to 4, the track 22 is constructed of two laterally spaced, side-by-side,

guide members

52, 54 in the form ofchannels in which the pairs of

wheels

47, 48, and 49 of the carriage 24 ride. The

guide members

52, 54 are mirror images of each other and the structure mounted on the guide members is identical for each; therefore, only the guide members 52 and associated structure will be described in detail. Corresponding parts on, the guide member 54 are referred to by corresponding reference numerals, designated with a prime.

The guide member or channel 52 is formed ofa vertical web 56 and upper and

lower flanges

58, 59 extending inwardly of the track. A rail 62 for supporting the wheels of the carriage 24 is mounted on the upper surface of the lower flange 59 and a chain 64, which functions as a rack, is fixed to the lower surface of the upper flange 58. The chain 64 is offset laterally outward with respect to the rail 62, as best shown in FIGS. 2 and 4. At the terminal end 220 of the track, where the track in inclined downward, the upper flange is open at 65. (See FIG. 1 and the corresponding portion 65' of the guide member 54 in FIGS. and II). The open portion 65 is located directly over the rail 62 and inwardly of the chain 64, so that the chain 64 follows the contour of the guide member while the open portion permits the center pair of wheels 48 of the carriage 24 to move out of the

guide channels

52, 54 when the ladle car reaches the end of the track.

A stop member and latching device 66 is located in the channel members at the terminal end of the track, and serves to stop the front portion of the carriage 24 and secures it against movement along the track in either direction once the ladle car section of the carriage is tilted relative to the track, in a manner to be further described subsequently. The device 66, an shown in detail in FIGS. 12 and 13 is in the form ofa plate secured to the inside of the vertical web of each guide member. The plate has a slot 67 having upper and lower edges 67a, 67b that converge to a minimum gap at 670. The slot 67 terminates in a circular configuration 67d larger in diameter than the width of the gap 670 and which will receive the axle of the front wheels 47 of the ladle car.

The ladle car 42 has a frame 70 that is U-shaped in plan and formed of opposite side portions 70a, 70b and a connecting front portion 70c. A transverse front axle 72 is fixed in the front portion 70c of the frame and rotatably supports two wheels 47a, 47b located outwardly of the frame 70. End portions 72a, 72b of the shaft 72 extend beyond the wheels 47 and are the full diameter of the shaft longitudinally of the car but are smaller in the direction of the car height. This construction facilitates latching or keying the input axle in place at the terminal end of the track because the end portions 72a, 72b will pass through the gap 670 of the slot 67 in the stop member and latching device 66 when the carriage is aligned with the track. The end of the slot then contacts the axle ends, acting as an abutment to stop forward movement. Once the ladle car is tilted, as shown in FIG. 13, the shaft 72 rotates with the car and the end portions 72 0, 72b cannot move back through the gap 67c from the circular portions 670 of the latching devices 66.

The horizontal transverse shaft 46 about which the ladle car 62 and drive car 44 pivot relative to each other, is rotatably supported at the opposite end of the ladle car from the axle 72. Wheels 48a, 48b are rotatably supported on the carriage by this shaft and are located to the outside of the frame 70, aligned with the pair of wheels 47.

A ladle ring 75 is pivotally secured to the ladle car 42 and supports the depending ladle 25 in which molten iron is normally carried. The outer periphery of the ladle ring 75 is generally rectangular in plan, as shown in FIG. 2.

Stud shafts

78, 79 extend from opposite sides of the ladle ring, are pivotally received in the side frame portions 70a, 70b of the ladle car and support the ladle ring for pivotal movement relative to the ladle car about an axis parallel with the axle 72 and pivot axle 46. A stop member 82 in the form ofa rectangular block extends from the ladle ring 75 on each side, directly beneath the

stud shafts

78, 79. The stop members 82 extend into wedge-shaped recesses 84, 85 (FIGS. 2, 3 and 5) formed on opposite inside surfaces of the frame portions 70a, 70b of the ladle car. Each recess has inclined surfaces 84a, 84b and 85a, 8512 respectively, which form an apex adjacent the stud shafts and function as inclined abutment surfaces that cooperate with the stop members 82 when the ladle car is inclined beyond a given angle with the horizontal.

The manner in which the ladle and ladle ring freely swing within the limits of the abutment surfaces so that the ladle ring is normally maintained in a horizontal position is best illustrated in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8. The ladle car 42 is illustrated in a horizontal position in FIG. 6, corresponding to an orientation along the track section 220. In FIG. 7. the ladle car is shown at an angle incline with the horizontal, as when the ladle car is moved up the inclined portion 22b of the track 22. FIG. 8 illustrates the angle of the ladle car 42 when supported by the track at the terminal portion 220. In each of the positions shown, the ladle remains level. It will be apparent from FIG. 8 that further tilting of the ladle car 42 in a counterclockwise direction about the forward axle 72 will tilt the ladle 76 by virtue of the cooperation between the stop member 82 and the inclined surfaces 34a, 85a which limit relative pivotal movement between the ladle ring and car once the car is tilted to the position shown in FIG. 8.

The drive car 44 is attached in tandem behind the ladle car 42 by the pivot axle 46 and is power driven to move the ladle car along the track 22 between the loading station and charging station end to tilt the ladle car and ladle at the charging station. The drive car 44 includes a frame 88 having longitudinally extending side portions 88a, 88b and crossbeams 88c, 88d. The side portions 88a, 88b extend forwardly of the crossbeam 880 and are connected to the pivot axle 46 so that the axle 46 can rotate relative to the frame 88. The side frame portions 88a, 88b also extend rearwardly of the cross frame member 88d and are spanned by a flat body portion 89 that serves as a support for a drive unit indicated generally at 90.

Two short axle shafts 92, 94 extend through the side frame portions 88a, 88b respectively behind the crossbeam 88d and are journaled in the side frame for rotation. A wheel 49a is secured to the axle shaft 92 and a wheel 49b is secured to the axle shaft 94. These wheels are aligned with the other wheels 47, 33 and ride on the rails 62, 62'. Each shaft 92, 94 extends outward, beyond the wheel. A sprocket 96 is fixed to the outer end of the shaft 92, and a sprocket 98 is fixed to the outer end of the axle shaft 94. The inner ends of the axle shafts 92, 94 are respectively driven by gear trains in housings 100, I02. Within each of these housings a driven gear (not shown) is secured to the inner end of the respective axle shaft, and an intermediate idler gear 104 connects the driven gear to a drive gear 106 (both shown in dotted lines in FIG. 3). The drive gear 106 associated with axle 92 is driven by a shaft 108 from an electric motor 112. The corresponding drive gear associated with the axle 94 is driven by a shaft 109 from an electric motor 113. The drive shafts of each electric motor are axially aligned and connected by a coupling 116 between the two motors to assure that both drive at the same speed. A solenoid actuated brake 118 is provided on the shaft 108, and a similar brake 119 is provided on the shaft 109. The brakes 118, I19 provide a convenient means for maintaining the carriage 24 in fixed location, especially when the ladle 25 is being filled with a furnace charge. Normally the

motors

112, 113, in addition to driving the carriage, are used to control the speed of the carriage 24 when it moves down the inclined track section 22b.

A safety rachet 122 is carried by the drive car 44 (FIGS. 3 and 9), located to cooperate with the chain 64 to prevent uncontrolled movement of the carriage down the inclined track portion 22b. The rachet mechanism consists of a pawl 123 pivoted on a shaft 124 extending transversely through and journaled in the frame portion 88a. A counterweight arm 126 is secured to the shaft 124 to bias the pawl 123 into contact with the chain 64. A solenoid actuator 128 is connected with the counterweight arm 126 to pivot the pawl 123 out of contact with the chain. With this arrangement, the pawl 123 biased by the counterweight arm 126 permits the carriage 24 to move in a forward direction from the loading station to the charging station while preventing movement of the carriage in the opposite direction, should there be a power failure that would disable the drive mechanism. When it is desired to move the carriage from the charging station back to the loading station, the solenoid 128 is energized, pivoting the pawl out of contact with the chain and permitting movement of the carriage in the opposite direction.

Electric current to operate the

motors

112, 113, brakes 118, I19 and solenoid 128 of the drive car 44 is supplied in a conventional manner (not shown), as by a conductor or third rail associated with the track and a collector associated with the carriage, or by flexible cables connected directly from a source of power to the drive car.

In operation, the carriage 24 is first positioned at the loading station, where it is shown in solid line in FIG. 1. The ladle 25 is filled with a furnace charge, such as molten pig iron from a transfer ladle 36. While the carriage is located at the loading at the loading station, the

brakes

118, 119 are actuated to prevent movement of the carriage. Once the ladle is filled with molten metal, the brakes are released and the

electric motors

112, 113 are energized to rotate the

drive shafts

108, 109 and the

sprockets

96, 98 in a clockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 3. By virtue ofthe engagement of the

sprockets

96,98 with the

chains

64, 64, the carriage is moved along the

rails

62, 62 of the

guide members

52, 54 and up the inclined portion 22b of the track 22 toward the charging station. During this movement of the carriage the solenoid 128 controlling the pawl 123 of the safety rachet 122 is deenergized so that the counterweight arm 126 holds the pawl in contact with the chain 64.

As already indicated, at the loading station the ladle car and ladle are as shown in FIG, 6. When the carriage is moved up the inclined section 22b of the track, the car and ladle pivot relatively to the position shown in FIG. 7, and when the carriage first reaches the charging station, the ladle car is positioned in the track portion 22c in the relationship shown in FIG. 8. The position of the entire carriage at this time is shown in FIG. of the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 10, when the carriage first reaches the terminal end of the track 22 the ladle car 42 is inclined downward and the drive car 44 is inclined upward, the two being pivoted about the pivot axle 46. Extending ends 72a, 72b of the front axle shaft 72 engage the stop member 66 and prevent further forward movement of the front of the ladle car. Continued rotation of the

drive sprockets

96, 98 causes the drive car 44 to continue its movement up the inclined portion 22b of the track. The intermediate pair of wheels 48 leaves the track and continues in a generally upward direction through the

openings

65, 65 in the

track guide members

52, 54. This continued movement of the drive car causes the ladle car to pivot in a forward direction about the front axle 72 to the position shown in FIG. 11 of the drawings. Because the stop members 82 on the ladle ring 75 prevent the ladle from pivoting clockwise, as viewed in FIGS. 10 and 11, relative to the ladle car once the car is in the position shown in FIG. 10, the ladle is tilted with the car as indicated by the arrow A to discharge the contents of the ladle into the furnace vessel 20.

During the tilting of the ladle car 62, the front axle shaft 72 rotates relative to the track and is thereby secured against movement along the track by the narrow gap 67c of each stop member and latching device 66. This prevents the front end of the ladle car from. moving backward along the track once the car is pivoted beyond the vertical.

Once the

drive sprockets

96, 98 of the drive car reach the position along the track shown in FIG. 11, a limit switch (not shown) stops the operation of the

electric motors

112 and 113. After a short time delay to allow the ladle to empty, the

motors

112, 113 are reversed, the solenoid 128 to the safety rachet 122 is energized and the drive car 44 is moved back along the track 22 toward the loading station. This movement first tilts the ladle car back to the track, to the position shown in FIG. 10, and then moves the entire carriage 24 to the position shown in FIG. 1, where the ladle 25 can receive a subsequent charge.

From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that the present invention includes the provision of a reliable and essentially automatic incline hoist which (I) eliminates the need for a separate guide trackto separately cause tilting and pouring of the charge carrier, (2) controls the rate at which the charge is poured by the speed of movement of the carriage and (3) is relatively simple and reliable in operation.

While a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed in detail, it will be readily appreciated that various modifications or alternations may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope ofthe invention.

We claim:

1. In apparatus for charging a steel-making furnace having an articulated carriage comprising first and second sections pivoted together for relative angular movement about an axis transverse to the direction of carriage movement and track wheels at the front and rear ends and adjacent to or at the pivoted connections of the sections, a container for a furnace charge pivotally connected to the first section of the carriage, means for driving the rear section of the carriage, and a stop member on the first section of the carriage that limits the pivoted movement of the charge container relative to the carriage, a track extending between a first location remote from the furnace to be charged and a second location adjacent and above the furnace comprising: a terminal portion inclined downward relative to a preceding portion; said track including two spaced channel-shaped guide members having their flanges'projecting towards one another, the lower flanges of which fonn track surfaces for the wheels of the carriage and the upper flanges of which are located closely above the wheels and have openings or cutout portions adjacent to or at the beginning of the downwardly inclined portion of the track for the passage of the track wheels at the pivoted connection of the carriage section through the upper flanges; and means at the terminal portion of the track adapted to stop forward movement of the first section of the carriage without stopping movement of the second section whereby the center of the carriage raises as the second section of the carriage continues to move along the track tilting the first section of the carriage to tilt the container forward and dump a charge therein into the furnace.

2. In apparatus for charging a steel-making furnace having an articulated carriage comprising first and second sections pivoted together for relative angular movement about an axis transverse to the direction of carriage movement and track wheels at the front and rear ends and adjacent to or at the pivoted connections of the sections, a container for a furnace charge pivotally connected to the first section of the carriage, a stop member on the first section of the carriage that limits the pivoted movement of the charge container relative to the carriage, and means for driving the carriage including a driven toothed wheel on the rear section of the carriage, a track extending between a first location remote from the furnace to be charged and a second location adjacent and above the furnace comprising: a terminal portion inclined downward relative to a preceding portion; said track including two spaced channelshaped guide members having their flanges projecting towards one another the lower flanges of which form track surfaces for the wheels of the carriage and the upper flanges of which are located closely above the wheels and have openings or cutout portions adjacent to or at the beginning of the downwardly inclined portion of the track for the passage of the track wheels at the pivoted connection of the carriage section through the upper flanges; at least one of said guide members having apertures along the underside of its upper flange for engagement by the driven toothed wheel on the carriage; and means at the terminal portion of the track adapted to stop forward movement of the first section of the carriage without stopping movement of the second section whereby the center of the carriage raises as the second section of the carriage continues to move along the track tilting the first section of the carriage to tilt the container forward and dump a charge therein into the furnace.

3. In apparatus for charging a steel-making furnace having an articulated carriage comprising first and second sections pivoted together for relative angular movement about an axis transverse to the direction of carriage movement and track wheels at the front and rear ends and adjacent or at the pivoted connections of the sections, a container for a furnace charge pivotally connected to the first section of the carriage, a stop member on the first section of the carriage that limits the pivoted movement of the charge container relative to the carriage, and means for driving the carriage including a driven toothed wheel on the rear section of the carriage, a track extending between a first location remote from the furnace to be charged and a second location adjacent and above the furnace and means at the terminal portion of the track adapted to engage the leading axle of the carriage for stopping forward movement of the first section of the carriage without stopping movement of the second section whereby the center of the carriage raises as the second section of the carriage continues to move along the track tilting the first section of the carriage to tilt the container forward and dump a charge therein into the furnace.