US358164A - Ezra l - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) Q

E. L. POST.

MACHINE FOR TESTING THE FRICTION 0F METALS. I No. 358,164. Patented Feb; 22,1887.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR:

. BY fi fi c ATTORNEYS.

N. PETERS, Phollruflmgnpher, Washlnglon. D.C.

UNITED STATES PATENT Orrrcn.

EZRA L. POST, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

MACHINE FOR TESTING THE FRICTION OF METALS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 358,164, dated February 22, 1887.

Application filed November 2, 1886. SerialNo. 217,804. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may c0ncern:

Be it known that I, EZRA L. Posr, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Machine for Testing the Friction of Metals, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invent-ion relates to an apparatus for testing the friction of metals, and has for its object to produce a portable machine of simple construction, through the use of which the relative frictional resistance of metals may be ascertained and the percentage of one over the other accurately computed.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of the several parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both the figures.

Figure l is a side elevation of my machine;

' and Fig. 2 a front elevation thereof, partly sec tional.

The frame A is constructed of two vertical end stardards,a a,having their upper surfaces recessed centrally, so as to impart to the same somewhat the shape of the letter U, and their under surfaces provided with integral horizontal inward projections, B B, forming the base for said standards. The two projections B B,thus extended horizontally in the same direction, are made to approach each other at the center and form a narrow transverse space, 6. Between the bases of the standards a a and the solid base 0 of the machine a layer or layers, 0, of paper or other non-conductive material, is interposed, the purpose of the aforesaid space b and the layer 0 being to prevent the passage of heat from one side of the machine to the other, as will be hereinafter set forth.

WVithin the recessed top of the standards a a the lower half, 01 and e, of the journal-boxes D and E are detachably placed, adapted to receive ashaft,F, having centrallykeyed thereon a pulley, G. The said shaft and pulley are,

being again united to revolve in unison by clamps, bolts, or in any customary or wellknown manner. of the said journal-boxes D and E are provided upon each side of the center with integral vertical projections g g, having a steel plate, h, attached to the top facethereof. Oentrally between said projections inthe said upper sections a lubfloating-aperture, h, is formed, and near each outer end a larger aperature, k, is made centrally the upper surface to admit a tubular casing, K, to a hearing upon the shaft F, purposed to shield a thermometer, K, the bulb of which is also made to rest upon the shaft to prevent friction and keep the said thermometer in an upright position. The said casing K is partially filled with oil k. y

In the rear arm of each standard a and a, in alignment with the space between the projections g g of the journal-boxes D and E, I fasten, byscrew-thread or otherwise. aT-shaped rod, m, having its arms formed with a knifeedge. I now employ two levers, M M, of a suitable length, provided upon each side, near their rear ends, with horizontal knife-edged arms m, and having their extreme rear ends reduced and recessed centrally, each lever M and M being adapted when in position to engage the T-shaped vertical rods m, with their recessed rear ends, in such manner as that the arms of said rods will bear upon the reduced port-ion of said levers, as shown in Fig. 1, thus bringing the knife-edged arms on of the levers to a bearing upon the steel'plates h of the box projections g and g. The levers thus positioned are provided with a carrier, N, at their free ends, adapted to receive weights n, the length of the levers being so calculated as that one pound placed upon the said carrier N will exert a pressure of three pounds to the square inch upon the boxes D and E.

In operation I cast the standard metal and the metal to be tested against said standard in two parts, the said metals partaking of a shape similar to the inner contour of the journal-boxes. Themetals are then placed one part, 0, in the lower box-section, cl and e, and the shaft F entered thereon. The remaining portion, 0, of the metals, having previously been drilled in line with the apertures h and k in the upper box-sections, d and e, are

The upper sections, d and e,

placed upon the shaft and the said box-sections upon the metals. The thermometer and easing are now entered to a bearing upon the shaft, and the levers M M placed in position and weighted equally until the required pressure is obtained. Thus we have one kind of metal in the box E and another in the box D, with no possibility of the heat of one bearing being communicated to the other, due to the divisions above referred to and the interposed packing of non conductive material. The power is applied and the shaft revolved in its metal beds. In making tests the temperature of each metal is taken about every fifteen minutes during the period of work, and the temperatures of each metal, when the machine has been stopped, are added separately to obtain a total. From each total the temperature of the room at the time of starting is deducted. Then deducting one from the other to find the difference, I divide the difference by the lesser amount, whereupon the percentage of friction that one box runs over the other is obtained.

Having thus described my invention,what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Amachine for testing the friction ofmetals, provided with a frame supporting independent boxes carrying separate metals, and

a non-conductive shaft-journal in said boxes on said metals having keyed thereto a nonconductive pulley, substantially as shown and described, for the purpose herein set forth.

2. A maehine'for testing the friction ofmetals, provided with a frame supporting independent boxes carrying separate metals, a noneonduetive shaftjournaled in said metals,having keyed thereto a non-conductive pulley, means for imparting pressure to said boxes, and means for taking the temperature from the shaft, substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose herein set forth.

3. A machine for testing the friction of metals,provided with a non-conductive frame supporting independent divided and detachable boxes carrying separate metals, a shaft having keyed centrally thereto a pulleyjournaled in said metals, the said shaft and pulley packed transversely with non-conductive material, independentweighted levers pivoted upon each box, and an incascd thermometer entered through said boxes and metals to a bearing on the shaft,substa ntiall y as shown and described, and for the purpose herein set forth.

EZRA L. POST.

Vituesses:

J. F. ACKER, J r., 1 H. CLARK.

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