US356393A - helliwell - Google Patents

Description

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METALLIC ROOFING.

Patented Jan. 18,1887.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. T. W. HELLI'WELL.

METALLIC ROOFING.

No. 356,393. Patented Jan. 18, 1887.

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N V E N T0 R 3 W S)- By his Attorneys,

WITNESSES:

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UNITED vSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS W. HELLlW'ELL, OF BRlGHOUSE, COUNTY OF YORK, ENGLAND.

METALLIC Root-ING.

SPECIFICATION forming part; of Letters'Patent N0. 356,393, dated January 18, 1887.

Application filed May 15, 1886. Serial No. 202,268. (No model.) Patented in England March 7, 1882, No. 1,109, and April 30, 1884,

To all whom t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS WILLIAM HELLIWELL, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing in Bri ghouse, county of York,

England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sheet-Metal Roofing, of which the following is a specification.-

lhis inventionis patented in Great Britain by Patents No. 1,109, dated March 7, 1882, and

ro No. 7,015, dated April 30, 1884.

My invention pertains to the covering of roofs with sheet zinc, copper, or other suita` ble metal or material.

It relates to roofs which have metal caps or d hoods covering the upturned edges ofthe metal roofing-sheets. Such roofs have beenA constructed with raised bars or ribs extending down the pitch fromthe ridge to the eaves, with the metal sheets laid on the roof between these bars and having their lateral edges turned up against the sides of the bars. Over the bars and turned-up edges are placed the metal hoods or caps by which the joints are made tight.

Myinvention comprehends certain improvements in the construction of these metal caps and their fastenings and in the connections with the ridge-piece and the constructions at the eaves.

The object of my invention is to provide a construction of sheet-metal roofing by which all necessity for making holes in the roofing plates and caps shall be obviated, while at the same time the construction is rendered strong, durable, t-horoughly water-tight, and easy to lay.

My invention in its preferred form`is shown in Figures l to 9 of theacconipanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of part of a roof constructed according to my invention, being partly broken away and in section to show the construction more clearly. Figs. 2 and 3 are detached views showing the formation of the ridge-ange. Fig. 4 is a perspective show- 45 ing the ridge-.flange and cap attached together. Fig. 4? is' a perspective view of the ridge end of the cap. Figs. 5 and 6 are sectional perspective views of a fragment of the upper part of the roof next the ridge-piece,

tion.

looking from different directions. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the lower or eaves end of the cap before being folded down, and Fig.-8 is a view of the same, looking from underneath after the eaves end has been folded tion, which is nearly the saine in the three j modifications.

Let A designate the roof or roof` sheathing or boarding, inade usually of wood; B B, the roofingl plates or sheets, of zinc or other suitable material; C, the ridge-piece, and D D the raised strips, laths, or bars, usually of wood, which are fastened on the sheathing A at intervals and extend down the slope of the roof from the ridge to the eaves. FFar'e the metal caps or hoods which cover the joints.

The sheets of zinc are placed side by side upon the sheathing, their side edges being turned up at right angles at h Inand sufficient space being left between the sheets to admit the wooden bars D D between these turned-up edges and provide for expansion and contrac- At the ridge the upper edges of the several sheets are turned up against the ridgepiece, and at the eaves their lower edges are turned down against the lower edge of the sheathing. rlhe wooden bars D Dare placed in the spaces between the sheets with their upper ends against the ridge-piece and their lower ends ext-ending to the eaves. These bars are fastenedv by screws i i, inserted from underneath, or by any other equivalent fastening, by which they may be drawn down from underneath. l

To the bars D are fastened saddles E E at intervals, (or one continuous saddle might be` used.) These saddles may pass over the top of -the bar, as shown in Fig. l, or under its bottom, as shown in Fig. 13. In either case they terminate in fianges j j on opposite sides,

extending down nearly to the sheets B B 'and 5 outside of the turned-up edges h I1. The saddles are preferably bent-from apiece of sheet metal, with theniiddle portion fastened on the top of the bar D by screws d, and extending lthence down on opposite sides of the bar rand terminating at thetlangesjj. The metal caps or hoods F F are made of sheet metal, bent into the form of a gutter or channel, with their edges turned in toward each other, forming flanges k 7c, which are preferably slightly hooked by the turning up of their inner edges.

The saddles are fastened to the bars D D, and the bars are placed on the roof, but are not drawn down closethercon. The metal caps or hoods F F are then placed over the bars with their flanges 7c lr underneath the flanges j j `of the saddles. Thsis done either by slipping the c'ap over the bar lengthwise or byspreading its sides apart laterally wide enough for its anges k k to clear the anges jj, and then closing them together. The cap F thus has its fianges brought into contact with the sur face of the sheets B B. After the caps are in place, the bars D D are drawn down tight upon the roof by tightening the screws i i, or other fastening, thus drawing down the saddles, and causing them to press down the capsand bring their anges into close contact with the roofing-sheets, consequently clamping said sheets firmly in position and absolutely preventing their removal, and at the Sametime making the roof-covering water-tight. The caps F F are preferably made the full length ofthe roofing-sheets.

I will now proceed to describe the preferred construction at the ridge and eaves, with referenceA to Figs. 1 to 9, inclusive. This ronstruction is designed to avoid the necessity for soldering the joints where the cap Fterminates at the ridge-pieee and at the eaves.

The ridge end of the cap IF is cut and has wings a a bent outwardly from it, as shown in Fig. 4% Aiiangeplate, G, is made by cutting va. piece of sheet metal to the shape shown in Fig. 2, and then doubling it down the middle,

5o as shown in Fig.'3. This folded plate is then slid over the end of the cap, so thatt-he wings a a,

are confined between the two thicknesses of the pla'te, as shown in Fig. 4. The end of the cap thus enters and tits into the notch or opening Z. The parts are held together by bending under the bars b b, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6. The plate G is formed opposite to the opening Zwith another notch or opening, m, of such size as to admit the bar D and tit over the sad 6o dle E next the ridge. This saddle differsfrom the others in that it is made with a wing, c, as best 4shown in Fig. 9. When the plate G and cap F are in place, this wing c is turneddown over the plate G, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6,

thereby holding the latter down in place. AS the saddle is screwed down to the bar D, it cannot lift, and it is consequently impossible for the parts to move or become detached. When the bars D D, caps F F, and plates G G are all in position, the ridge-capping H is applied, as vshown in Fig. l.

The lower end of the cap F, at the eaves, is constructed as follows: It is first cut in the manner shown in Fig. 7, leaving a tongue, f, iianges g g, and wings e e. These wings are folded in to come against the end of the bar D, the end f of the tongue f is turned up fiatA against the under side of the tongue, and the.

flanges g g are doubled down over it, covering its side edges and holding it firmly in place. .Then the tongue f, thus stilfened, is turned down over the end of the cap, so thatit covers f the same and projects beyond it, all as shown in Fig. 8. Fig. l shows the eaves end of the cap as applied to the roof, the tongue f being fastened by a nail or screw driven through it into tho sheathing A.

It will be observed that the constructions described with reference to Figs. 2 to 9 are made both strong and water-tight without-the use of solder. l

I will now describe a modified construction wherein lsolder 'is used in completing the joints, referring to Figs. 10 to l12.

The upper end of the cap F is cut to form wings aa., asshown in Fig. 11. These are placed against the ridge-piece G,and the ridge` capping H is placed lover them and soldered around its junction with the cap F. This makes a tightjoint at the ridge. At thelower end the cap F is cut to form a-tongue, f, andtwo wings, ce. These wings are turned in, as shown in Fig. 12, and the tongue sturned down, as shown in Fig. 10, after which thejoints are soldered.

Fig. 13 illustrates a slight modification. lThe saddle E passes under the bar D, instead of over it, and consequently does not needl any fastening-screws. It extends up each side ot' the bar, between the bar and turned-up 'edge h, high enough to clear this edge, and then down ori-each side, outside the edge'h, and terminates in iiangesjj in contact with the flanges 7c k of the cap F. When l the screws t are tightened, the bar is drawn down, against the roof-sheathing, andthe capis thus pressed into close contact with the rooting-plates.

My invention is susceptible of various other modifications. It is not essential, for example, that the bars D be made of wood, nor thatl they be distinct from the caps F, since the bars and caps might be identical. Neither'is the use of the saddles E essential, as their function is simply to afford a connection between the bars and the caps, so that by drawing down the bars from beneath the caps will be forced down upon the roofing-plates.

IIO

Although I have shown only screws as the.A v

fastening or tightening devices, it will be understood that many other means of fastening may be substituted for them-such,fori.nstance,

as are generallyA understood tobe-their me A chanical equivalents.

I am aware that various constructlons 01?v sheet-metal roofin g have been patented wherein a' cap or grooved bar of wood or metal covers the upturned edges of the roofing-sheets, and is fastened down by screws passed through it from above and screwing into the sheathing.

These constructions are objectionable, as leakage is apt to occur through the screw-holes in the cap. My invention dispenses with such holes and avoids all sources-of leakage by. passing f the screws through the sheathing, tightening them from beneath.

I claim as my inventionl. A roofing consisting of rooti ng-sheets laid parallel with upturned edges, hollow arranged over said edges and extending down on both sides to the roofing-sheets, a longitudinal b'ar attached to said cap 'and arranged in- 4 side thereof and between said edges, and screws and adapted .to be tightened from beneath,

combined substantially as described. l

3. A roofing consisting of roofing-sheets with uptnrned edges laid parallel, a bar ar- -ranged between said edges, fastening devices Afor securing said bar to the sheathing, one or more saddles secured to said bar and extending down outside the uptrned edges, and a.

hollow cap arranged to inelose said bar, saddle, and upturned edges, and having flanges entering beneath the sides of said saddle, combined substantially as described.

4. A roofing consisting of roofing-sheets with upturned edges laid parallel, a bar arranged betweeu' said edges, fastening devices for securing said bar to the sheathing, one o r more saddles fastened to the top of said bar and extending down on opposite sides thereof, outside of said upturned edges, and a hollow cap'arranged to inelose said bar, saddle, and upturned edges, and having flanges turned inwardly beneath the sides of said saddle, combined substantiallyas described.

e 5. In a roofing, the combination, with the sheathing and ridge-piece, of roofing-sheets laid parallel with upturned edges, and with their upper edges turned up against the 'ridgepiece, ofV a hollow cap fastened oversaid upl turned edges, extending/to the ridge-piece, and

formedv with wings or flanges turned outward- 1y ridge-piece and down around said` cap and outside of said wings, and having a recess receivingthe cap, substantially as described.

6. In a roofing, the combination, shldfthwwffoong-sheets la' parallel w1 up urne edg s, ofa hollow cap fastened over said edges and extending to the ridge-piece, ridge .end of said cap, and the ridge-capping extending down around said cap and covering said flange-plate, substantially as described.

7. In a roofing, the cap for covering the upturned edges of the roofing-sheets, constructed at its ridge eiid with wings turned outwardly, combined with a flange consisting of a doubled plate cut away on one side to admit the cap its folds, substantially as described'.

and the ridge-capping extending over the with the a flange-plate secured to the and appliedthereto with the wings between l 8. In a roofing, the combination, with the roofing-sheets having upturned edges,ofthebar fastened between said edges, the saddle fastcned to -said bar and having an upturned wing at the 'ridge end, theeap for covering said bar and upturned edges, and the doubled plate applied to the ridge end of said cap and helddown by said wing being'folded over its top, substantially as described.

9,:In a roofing, the inverted-trough-sh'aped cap for covering "the 'upturned edges of the roofing-sheets, constructed at its eaves end with' lateral wings cut fro'm its sides andfolded inward, and with a tongue eut from its top and folded downward over said wings, substantially as described.

10. In a rooting, the inVerted-trough-shaped cap for covering the upturned edges of lthe roofing-sheets, constructed at its eaves end with lateral wings cut from its sides 'and foldedinward, and with' a tongue cut from its top,"`with its end doubled under, its side flanges turned in to cover the edges thereof, and the IOO tongue thus formed turned downwardover y said wings, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed v my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

THOS. YV. HELLIWELL.

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