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US3563683A - Industrial burner - Google Patents

Industrial burner Download PDF

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Publication number
US3563683A
US3563683A US813221A US3563683DA US3563683A US 3563683 A US3563683 A US 3563683A US 813221 A US813221 A US 813221A US 3563683D A US3563683D A US 3563683DA US 3563683 A US3563683 A US 3563683A
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Prior art keywords
burner
sleeve
furnace
opening
air
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US813221A
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Frederic O Hess
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Selas Corp of America
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Selas Corp of America
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Assigned to FIRST PENNSYLVANIA BANK N A, A NATIONAL BANKING ASSOCIATION reassignment FIRST PENNSYLVANIA BANK N A, A NATIONAL BANKING ASSOCIATION SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SELAS CORPORATION OF AMERICA A CORP OF PA
Assigned to SELAS CORPORATION OF AMERICA A CORP. OF PA reassignment SELAS CORPORATION OF AMERICA A CORP. OF PA RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FIRST PENNSYLVANIA BANK N.V., FOR ITSELF AND AS AGENT FOR THE PHILADELPHIA NATIONAL BANK
Assigned to BANCBOSTON FINANCIAL COMPANY reassignment BANCBOSTON FINANCIAL COMPANY SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SELAS CORPORATION OF AMERICA
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to SELAS CORPORATION OF AMERICA reassignment SELAS CORPORATION OF AMERICA RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BANCBOSTON FINANACIAL COMPANY A MA TRUST
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/235—Heating the glass
    • C03B5/2356—Submerged heating, e.g. by using heat pipes, hot gas or submerged combustion burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/03005—Burners with an internal combustion chamber, e.g. for obtaining an increased heat release, a high speed jet flame or being used for starting the combustion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to burners, and more particularly to industrial burners of the so-called combustion chamber type.
  • a hollow sleeve lining an opening in a furnace wall and forming part thereof.
  • This sleeve has passages formed therein through which a cooling uid, air or water, may flow.
  • a burner is received in the sleeve and may be removed therefrom at will. When the burner is removed, the cooling eiect of the uid flowing through the sleeve will freeze the material adjacent thereto in the furnace so that the material will not ow through the opening left by the removal of the burner.
  • FIG. l is a section through a furnace wall and the burner located therein,
  • FIG. 2 shows a modified form of burner protecting sleeve and burner
  • FIG. 3 is a View from the top of FIG. 2.
  • a furnace wall which can be either the bottom or a side Wall of a furnace.
  • This wall is provided with an opening below the level of the material being heated which receives a hollow, annular sleeve 2 of a suitable high temperature metal, and the end 3 of which extends a short distance into the 3,563,683 Patented Feb. 16, 1971 interior of the furnace beyond the inner surface of wall 1.
  • the sleeve is provided with an annular batlie 4 to form passages for a cooling fluid that may be air or water. Fluid is supplied to the sleeve through an inlet 5 and is exhausted through an outlet 6.
  • a burner indicated generally at 7 is received snugly but removable in the sleeve.
  • This burner includes au annular refractory member 8, the interior of which forms a combustion chamber 9 having a restricted discharge opening 1-1 that is concentric with and adjacent to end 3 of sleeve 2.
  • the lower end of member f8 is received in a support casting 12 to which it is attached by any suitable means, such as being cemented in place.
  • the casting 12 is provided with a ange that may be fastened to either the inlet and outlet, 5 and 6 respectively, or to the furnace wall in such a manner that the burner is properly located, but can be removed for repair or replacement.
  • refractory member 8 can be enclosed in a thin metal casing that is fastened to casting 12 instead of being cemented thereto. The metal casing would be received snugly in sleeve 2.
  • Casting 12 is provided with a gas inlet 13 which communicates with an annular chamber 14 that has a series of discharge ports 15 through which fuel gas can be discharged into combustion chamber t9. Casting 12 also has an air inlet 16 that directs the air through a central passage 17 into the combustion chamber.
  • the passage 17 has concentrically located in it a combination distributor and electorde 18. It will be noted that the upper end of the electrode is flared outwardly to direct the air in a sheet across the ports 15 so that air and gas will be thoroughly mixed.
  • Electrode 18 is shown as being hollow and has a second electrode 19 extending through it, with the two electrodes being separated by insulating material 21. The electrode is held in position in the casting 12 by a bushing 22.
  • gas and air in proper proportions are supplied -to the burner and are introduced through the ports 15 and 17 respectively to the combustion chamber 9 where they are burned.
  • the high temperature products of combustion are discharged at high velocity through the ou-tlet port 11 to flow into and through the material that is being heated or melted in the furnace.
  • This material can be glass or sodium silicate, or metal, for example.
  • the hot products of combustion are discharged at high velocity into and through the material in the furnace. If this material is molten it normally will ow back into the burner when the burner is not operating, or through the burner opening when the burner has been removed for replacement or repair. This is prevented by having a relatively cold sleeve 2 which projects slightly into the furnace. The cooling fluid owing through this sleeve will cool the material immediately adjacent thereto sufficiently to cause it to freeze and thereby bridge over the opening in the upper end of this sleeve when the burner is not operating. Thus, the burner can be removed without any loss of the material being heated.
  • the gas When the burner is shut down before removal, the gas will be shut ott while air pressure is maintained in the chamber 9 until the material in front of the burner outlet 3 is frozen. When again starting the burner it will be held loosely in sleeve 2 until the hot gases have melted the material in the front of the outlet. During this time the exhaust gases will flow back around member 8 or its casing, if one is used. When the material has melted, the burner Will be moved into place and fastened there.
  • the material being heated has a relatively low freezing point so that the opening in the end of sleeve 2 is too large to be bridged by the molten material.
  • construction of the type shown in FIG. 2 can be used.
  • the sleeve 2 is closed as shown at 23 and is provided with a plurality of relatively narrow slots 24 through which the products of combustion are discharged into the furnace.
  • the upper end of refractory member 8 is also closed as shown at 25, and is provided with a plurality of slots 26 aligned with the slots 24. It will be seen that the end 25 of member 8 protects the sleeve 2 from the direct combustion of the fuel and air.
  • a hollow, annular sleeve forming a closed annular space fixed in said opening and extending beyond CII the outer surface of said wall, said sleeve having a first end of reduced area adjacent to the interior surface of said wall, means outside said furnace wall to supply a cooling uid to said space from the extending portion of said sleeve, means outside said furnace wall to receive cooling fluid from the space through the extending portion of said sleeve, an annular refractory body snugly and removably received in said sleeve and having an end projecting beyond said sleeve and the outer surface of said wall, the interior of said body forming a combustion chamber with the portion thereof in said first end of said sleeve forming an exhaust port, a supporting member attached to the body at its projecting end, said member being provided with a series of ports through which fuel may be supplied to the combustion chamber, said member being provided with a port through which air can be supplied to

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

A SUBMERGED COMBUSTION TYPE BURNER THAT IS LOCATED IN A FURNACE WALL BELOW THE LEVEL OF THE MATERIAL BEING HEATED. PROVISION IS MADE TO REMOVE THE BURNER WITHOUT LOSING MATERIAL THROUGH THE OPENING FROM WHICH IT WAS REMOVED.

Description

Feb. 16, 1971 F. o. HEss INDUSTRIAL BURNER Filed April s, 1969 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. i
INVENTOR.
FREDERIC O. HESS BY Feb. 16, 1971 F. o. HEss 3,563,683
INDUSTRIAL BURNER Filed April 5. 1969 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.
FREDERIC O. HESS United States Patent O 3,563,683 INDUSTRIAL BURNER Frederic 0. Hess, Skytop, Pa., assignor to Selas Corporation of America, a corporation of Pennsylvania Filed Apr. 3, 1969, ser. No. 813,221 Int. Cl. F23d 11/36 U.S. Cl. 431-160 4 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A submerged combustion type burner that is located in a furnace wall below the level of the material being heated. Provision is made to remove the burner without losing material through the opening from which it was removed.
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY The present invention relates to burners, and more particularly to industrial burners of the so-called combustion chamber type.
In Dolf et al. Patent 3,260,587, there is disclosed a burner which includes as a part thereof, an air cooled casing that is inserted into an opening in a furnace wall. When it is necessary to remove this burner for repair or replacement, an opening remains in the Wall through which the material being heated can flow, thus requiring the furnace to be shut down for the removal of a single burner. Frequently, this is impossible so that the furnace must continue operating Iwithout its full comple, ment of burners.
In the construction with which this invention is concerned, there is provided a hollow sleeve, lining an opening in a furnace wall and forming part thereof. This sleeve has passages formed therein through which a cooling uid, air or water, may flow. A burner is received in the sleeve and may be removed therefrom at will. When the burner is removed, the cooling eiect of the uid flowing through the sleeve will freeze the material adjacent thereto in the furnace so that the material will not ow through the opening left by the removal of the burner.
It is an object of the invention to provide a burner which may easily be inserted in and removed from a furnace wall. It is a further object of the invention to provide a burner that is particularly adapted for use in so-called submerged combustion where the burner is located below the surface of the material to be heated or melted and is fired directly into said material.
The various features of novelty which characterize my invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention, however, its advantages and specific objects attained with its use, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. l is a section through a furnace wall and the burner located therein,
FIG. 2 shows a modified form of burner protecting sleeve and burner, and
FIG. 3 is a View from the top of FIG. 2.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION Referring to FIG. 1, there is shown at 1 a furnace wall which can be either the bottom or a side Wall of a furnace. This wall is provided with an opening below the level of the material being heated which receives a hollow, annular sleeve 2 of a suitable high temperature metal, and the end 3 of which extends a short distance into the 3,563,683 Patented Feb. 16, 1971 interior of the furnace beyond the inner surface of wall 1. This sleeveris fastened in any suitable manner to the furnace wall to be, in effect, a permanent part thereof. The sleeve is provided with an annular batlie 4 to form passages for a cooling fluid that may be air or water. Fluid is supplied to the sleeve through an inlet 5 and is exhausted through an outlet 6.
A burner indicated generally at 7 is received snugly but removable in the sleeve. This burner includes au annular refractory member 8, the interior of which forms a combustion chamber 9 having a restricted discharge opening 1-1 that is concentric with and adjacent to end 3 of sleeve 2. The lower end of member f8 is received in a support casting 12 to which it is attached by any suitable means, such as being cemented in place. The casting 12 is provided with a ange that may be fastened to either the inlet and outlet, 5 and 6 respectively, or to the furnace wall in such a manner that the burner is properly located, but can be removed for repair or replacement. It is noted that, if desired, refractory member 8 can be enclosed in a thin metal casing that is fastened to casting 12 instead of being cemented thereto. The metal casing would be received snugly in sleeve 2.
Casting 12 is provided with a gas inlet 13 which communicates with an annular chamber 14 that has a series of discharge ports 15 through which fuel gas can be discharged into combustion chamber t9. Casting 12 also has an air inlet 16 that directs the air through a central passage 17 into the combustion chamber. The passage 17 has concentrically located in it a combination distributor and electorde 18. It will be noted that the upper end of the electrode is flared outwardly to direct the air in a sheet across the ports 15 so that air and gas will be thoroughly mixed. Electrode 18 is shown as being hollow and has a second electrode 19 extending through it, with the two electrodes being separated by insulating material 21. The electrode is held in position in the casting 12 by a bushing 22.
In the operation of the burner, gas and air in proper proportions, and which are regulated by any conventional ratio controller, are supplied -to the burner and are introduced through the ports 15 and 17 respectively to the combustion chamber 9 where they are burned. The high temperature products of combustion are discharged at high velocity through the ou-tlet port 11 to flow into and through the material that is being heated or melted in the furnace. This material can be glass or sodium silicate, or metal, for example. When the burner is initially operated, the electrodes 18 and 19 are moved up into the center of the combustion chamber and a spark is flashed across them to ignite the combustible mixture. Thereafter, the electrodes are moved back to the position shown so that outer electrode 18 serves to direct the air across the streams of gas as mentioned above.
During a normal operation of the burner the hot products of combustion are discharged at high velocity into and through the material in the furnace. If this material is molten it normally will ow back into the burner when the burner is not operating, or through the burner opening when the burner has been removed for replacement or repair. This is prevented by having a relatively cold sleeve 2 which projects slightly into the furnace. The cooling fluid owing through this sleeve will cool the material immediately adjacent thereto sufficiently to cause it to freeze and thereby bridge over the opening in the upper end of this sleeve when the burner is not operating. Thus, the burner can be removed without any loss of the material being heated.
When the burner is shut down before removal, the gas will be shut ott while air pressure is maintained in the chamber 9 until the material in front of the burner outlet 3 is frozen. When again starting the burner it will be held loosely in sleeve 2 until the hot gases have melted the material in the front of the outlet. During this time the exhaust gases will flow back around member 8 or its casing, if one is used. When the material has melted, the burner Will be moved into place and fastened there.
In some cases it may well be that the material being heated has a relatively low freezing point so that the opening in the end of sleeve 2 is too large to be bridged by the molten material. In such a case, construction of the type shown in FIG. 2 can be used. In this embodiment of the invention the sleeve 2 is closed as shown at 23 and is provided with a plurality of relatively narrow slots 24 through which the products of combustion are discharged into the furnace. In a like manner the upper end of refractory member 8 is also closed as shown at 25, and is provided with a plurality of slots 26 aligned with the slots 24. It will be seen that the end 25 of member 8 protects the sleeve 2 from the direct combustion of the fuel and air. The cooling around the slots 24 will protect the end of member 2 sufficiently to prevent its deterioration as the hot products of combustion are discharged through the slots into the furnace. This form of invention operates in exactly the same manner as the previous form but the smaller area of slots 24 will mean that there is a smaller area of the material to be frozen when the burner is removed.
While in accordance with the provisions of the statutes I have illustrated and described the best form of embodiment of my invention now known to me, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the form of the apparatus disclosed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention set forth in the appended claims, and that in some cases certain features of my invention may be used to advantage without a corresponding use of other features.
What is claimed is:
1. In combination with a furnace Wall having an opening therein, a hollow, annular sleeve forming a closed annular space fixed in said opening and extending beyond CII the outer surface of said wall, said sleeve having a first end of reduced area adjacent to the interior surface of said wall, means outside said furnace wall to supply a cooling uid to said space from the extending portion of said sleeve, means outside said furnace wall to receive cooling fluid from the space through the extending portion of said sleeve, an annular refractory body snugly and removably received in said sleeve and having an end proiecting beyond said sleeve and the outer surface of said wall, the interior of said body forming a combustion chamber with the portion thereof in said first end of said sleeve forming an exhaust port, a supporting member attached to the body at its projecting end, said member being provided with a series of ports through which fuel may be supplied to the combustion chamber, said member being provided with a port through which air can be supplied to said combustion chamber, and means carried by said member to ignite the fuel and air supplied to said combustion chamber.
2. The combination of claim 1 in which said first end of said sleeve extends beyond the wall and into the furnace.
3. The combination of claim 2 in which said first end of said sleeve extends across said opening and is provided with a plurality of slots through which combustion gases are discharged.
`4. The combination of claim 1 in which said opening in said refractory body is of a smaller area than the combustion chamber formed therein.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,638,895 5/1953 Swindin 431-158X 3,224,486 12/1965 Geller et al 431-158X 3,236,281 2/1966 Bain et al. 239--132.3
EDWARD G. FAVORS, Primary Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R. Z39-132.3
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Cited By (58)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP0015162A1 (en) * 1979-02-27 1980-09-03 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Oxy-fuel burner
US4622007A (en) * 1984-08-17 1986-11-11 American Combustion, Inc. Variable heat generating method and apparatus
US4666397A (en) * 1984-11-02 1987-05-19 Veba Oel Entwicklungs-Gesellschaft Mbh Fluid cooled burner
US4671765A (en) * 1986-02-19 1987-06-09 Ppg Industries, Inc. Burner design for melting glass batch and the like
US4711627A (en) * 1983-08-30 1987-12-08 Castolin S.A. Device for the thermal spray application of fusible materials
US4747772A (en) * 1986-02-19 1988-05-31 Ppg Industries, Inc. Burner design for melting glass batch and the like
WO1990002907A1 (en) * 1988-09-02 1990-03-22 American Combustion, Inc. Method and apparatus for generating highly luminous flame
US20030054310A1 (en) * 2000-03-31 2003-03-20 Rigazzi Pier Andrea Precombustion chamber for an ic engine and electrode assembly for producing combustion in one part of the precombustion chamber
US20040103662A1 (en) * 2002-12-03 2004-06-03 Kaplan Howard Jay Cooling of liquid fuel components to eliminate coking
US20040231333A1 (en) * 2002-09-17 2004-11-25 Peter Tiemann Combustion chamber for a gas turbine
US20050081525A1 (en) * 2002-12-03 2005-04-21 Kaplan Howard J. Cooling of liquid fuel components to eliminate coking
US20050236747A1 (en) * 2004-04-27 2005-10-27 Rue David M Process and apparatus for uniform combustion within a molten material
US20070167307A1 (en) * 2006-01-13 2007-07-19 Brodie Sally H Novel composition
EP1155260A4 (en) * 1999-05-13 2009-09-02 Boc Group Inc Burner and combustion method for the production of flame jet sheets in industrial furnaces
US20110217661A1 (en) * 2007-08-06 2011-09-08 Van Der Ploeg Govert Gerardus Pieter Burner
US8707740B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2014-04-29 Johns Manville Submerged combustion glass manufacturing systems and methods
US8875544B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2014-11-04 Johns Manville Burner apparatus, submerged combustion melters including the burner, and methods of use
WO2014189506A1 (en) * 2013-05-22 2014-11-27 Johns Manville Submerged combustion burners and melters, and methods of use
US8973405B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2015-03-10 Johns Manville Apparatus, systems and methods for reducing foaming downstream of a submerged combustion melter producing molten glass
US8991215B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2015-03-31 Johns Manville Methods and systems for controlling bubble size and bubble decay rate in foamed glass produced by a submerged combustion melter
US9021838B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2015-05-05 Johns Manville Systems and methods for glass manufacturing
US9032760B2 (en) 2012-07-03 2015-05-19 Johns Manville Process of using a submerged combustion melter to produce hollow glass fiber or solid glass fiber having entrained bubbles, and burners and systems to make such fibers
US9096452B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2015-08-04 Johns Manville Methods and systems for destabilizing foam in equipment downstream of a submerged combustion melter
US9096453B2 (en) 2012-06-11 2015-08-04 Johns Manville Submerged combustion melting processes for producing glass and similar materials, and systems for carrying out such processes
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Cited By (93)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0015162A1 (en) * 1979-02-27 1980-09-03 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Oxy-fuel burner
US4711627A (en) * 1983-08-30 1987-12-08 Castolin S.A. Device for the thermal spray application of fusible materials
US4622007A (en) * 1984-08-17 1986-11-11 American Combustion, Inc. Variable heat generating method and apparatus
US4666397A (en) * 1984-11-02 1987-05-19 Veba Oel Entwicklungs-Gesellschaft Mbh Fluid cooled burner
US4671765A (en) * 1986-02-19 1987-06-09 Ppg Industries, Inc. Burner design for melting glass batch and the like
US4747772A (en) * 1986-02-19 1988-05-31 Ppg Industries, Inc. Burner design for melting glass batch and the like
WO1990002907A1 (en) * 1988-09-02 1990-03-22 American Combustion, Inc. Method and apparatus for generating highly luminous flame
EP1155260A4 (en) * 1999-05-13 2009-09-02 Boc Group Inc Burner and combustion method for the production of flame jet sheets in industrial furnaces
US20030054310A1 (en) * 2000-03-31 2003-03-20 Rigazzi Pier Andrea Precombustion chamber for an ic engine and electrode assembly for producing combustion in one part of the precombustion chamber
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