US349342A - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) .2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

.P. EIBLER.

COMPRESSOR. \K No. 349,342. Patented Sept. 21, 1886.

witnesses: Inventor.

(No Model.)' 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

P.v EIBLER.

comrnnssoa.

No. 349,342. PatentedSept. 21, 1886.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK EIBLER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

COMPRESSOR.

ESPBCIFIGA'IIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 349,342, dated September 21, 1886. Application filed June 8, 1885. Serial No. 168,025. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK EIBLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, haveinvented a newand useful Improvement in Compressors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in gas-compressing machines, as are used for refrigeration and the making of artificial ice.

The objects of my improvement are, first, to avoid all clearances in the cylinder, respectively, between piston and valves; second, to secure the largest valve-areas in a given diamcterof cylinder, and, third, a proper operation of said valves. I attain these objects by constructing a compressor illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical section of the compressor on line 001, as shown in Fig. 2, which is a cross-section of the same; Fig. 3, a plan of the lower dischargevalve, and Fig. 4an elevation of-it; Fig. 5, a plan of the lower suctionvalve, and Fig. 6 an elevation of the same.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

In Fig. 1, bottom head, A, outside cylinder, B, top head, C, and inside cylinder, D, constitute the form of said compressor. The firstmentioned three parts are connected by means of struts I) b, set inlugs 00, which are cast on the outside cylinder, B. Inside cylinder, D, is provided with flanges, and held or clamped in said parts, as shown. The flange on the bottom of outside cylinder, B, is for the purpose of bolting the same on to a suitable frame for its use. 7

The gas enters outside cylinder, B, through pipe a, passes on through the openings (2 (1 into the outside chambers, e e, and. in the hollow piston-stems i t" of discharge-valves E E, which seat on the faces or ends of inside cylinder, D, and also comprise the seats of suction-valves F and F, as shown in Fig. 1. The above-mentioned stems ii slide in sleeves Z l, and are provided with packing-rings k, to secure a gas-tight separation of the outside chambers, e e, from the inside chambers, h h, into which the compressed gas is discharged. A longitudinal port in outside cylinder, B, with openings 9 g, leads the gas out through pipe f.

The above-described course of the gas in the compressor is also indicated by arrowsin Figs. 1 and 2.

To obtain an easy and reliable operation of all the valves, I prefer to cushion and balance them, and thus must be constructed according to their respective positions and functions that is, the lower discharge-valve, E, is'to be balanced, while the lower suction-valve, F, is cushioned, and the upper suction-valve, F, is balanced, while the upper dischargevalve, E, is cushioned-that is to say, the compressor being placed in an upright position, as shown in Fig. 1, and which is its working position, the eduction-valve E and its attachments would drop from its seat by gravity if some means were not supplied for holding it in position. This is particularly true when the apparatus is first started and there is no back-pressure against the lower face of said valve E through the channel g. The oil in chamber G in that instance serves to balance said valve and hold it to its seat. The pressure exerted by the oil, is designed to be so regulated that the valve E will bear against its seat with the same force as the valve E at the top of the compressor, which is seated by 'gravity. Then when the compressor is at work the pressure to be overcome at both ends of the cylinder will be equalized, and gas at exactly the same density be forced into the receiver beyond. It will also be observed that while oil under pressure enters the chamber at the top of the casing its pressure is equalized so far as the dischargevalve is concerned by operating on equal bearing-surfaces in both directions, and does not therefore iffect the seating of the eductionvalve by i full weight. This feature of my invention I carry out in the manner shown in Fig. 1, where the central sleeve, m, of discharge-valve E reaches into the space G above stuffing-box H. Said space is supplied with oil through pipe it under apressure high enough to keep discharge-valve E on its seat. The oil also shall serve as alubri cant for piston-rod and valves. The suctionvalve F is cushioned in the central sleeve, m, which is perforated at a certain distance from the bottom for the admission of gas. When the valve recedes, the stem 0 compresses the gas enough to attain an easy seating of said valve, which in return also gives the impulse to a quick opening. This valve F slides on piston-rod It, and its stem 0 has two slots, 1) p, which, in conjunction with the pins Q 0, determine the lift of it.

The shape and relativeloeation of the abovementioned slots 1) p arebetter shown in Figs. 5 and 6, and that of the pins QQ in Figs. Sand 4. A similar device I have adapted for the upper valves, where the central sleeve, 1, of discharge-valve I forms the guide of suctionval ve F. To reduce the weight of said valve F, the stem S is hollow, and provided on the end with a flanged cap-nut, t, which, together with the flanged end of sleever, operate in the extension-cylinder I of top head, G. The space between these flanges is supplied with oil through pipe 11 under a suitable pressure to draw suction-valve 1* onto its seat, and the same pressure secures a more rapid closure of discharge-valve 1E. The flange of sleeve 1- is cup-shaped on the inside, so as when suctionvalve I descends to prevent a bare touching of their respective parts. Furthermore, it is said that the suction-valves F and F will open or closeinstaut l y at the change of the stroke. The dischargevalvcs E and It only open when the pressure in, the cylinder D overcomes that in the chambers h h, and the higher the pressure in said chambers is the nearer the piston has to come toward the end of the stroke before the opening of these valves takes place.

An annular chamber, D, extends entirely around the cylinder 1), and is in direct com munieation with pipe (1, through which the gas enters the compressor. This chamber serves an important function in the operation of my device. The pump is designed to compress gas frequently as high astwenty atmospheres, with a piston-speed of two hundred and fifty feet per minute. This process and speed generates excessive heat in the cylinder, and some means, therefore, are required to keep it cool. The chamber 1), with its contained gas, admirably serves this purpose, thus. enabling meto dispense with waterackets and other supplemental appliances usually employed, and making the gas in its passage through the compressor also keep it cool,

I am not aware that prior to my invention compressors have been in use of the above-(h scribed construction.

I therefore claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Iatent- 1. In a double-acting gas-compressor, the combination of the main casing provided with inlet and outlet channels, substantially as described, suction -valves and discharge-valves located at the ends of the compression-cylinder, the discharge-valveat the upper end seating itself by gravity, and the diseharge-valvc at the lower end having a cylindricat neck ex tending into a chamber, and a pipe to supply fluid-pressure in said chamber to lceep the valve on its seat, whereby the normal rcsistance of the discharge-valves is equalized, substantially as described.

2. In agas-eompressor, a cylinder-headhaving a cylindrical projection, I, open at its inner end and closed at its outer end, in combination with an outlet -valve located in said head, and having a tubular neck enlarged to occupy and close the open end of the cylindrical proiection, and an inlet -valve provided with a stem running through the neck of the outlet-valve, and a piston at the end of the stem, with a pipe to supply iluid-prcssure below said piston, whereby theinlet-valvc is balanced or held on its seat, as set forth.

3. In a gas-compressor, the combination of the outer cylinder and the headsprovided with channels and valves, the inner or compression cylinder, and a gas chamber or jacket extending entirely around said inner cylinder and eonnnunicating with the main gas-inlet, whereby the iuflowing gas is utilized to keep the inner cylinder cool, as set forth.

4. In a gas-compressor provided with detachable heads, each head having an inletchamber in its outer portion and an outletchamber in its inner portion, with a partition bet-ween said chambers having a tubular bearing, an outlet-valve having a cylindrical hub resting in said bearing, and an inlet-valve seated in the outlet-valve, in combination with the body of the compressor provided with a working-cylinder, and inlet and outlet channels on opposite sides of the body, which communicate with theworking-cylinder through the chambers and valves in the heads, substantially as set forth.

FRE'I'HDRIOK EIBL'ER.

\Vitnesses:

urea-tar. DAHLER, Jens J1 UNGLING.

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