US3455063A - Dwellmatic honing machine - Google Patents

Description

y 1969 ISAO KANAZASHI 3,

DWELLMATIC HONING MACHINE Filed March 11, 1966 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR 76 [SA 0 KANAZ ASHI BY y v July 15 1969 ISAO KANAZASHI 3,455,063

DWELLMAT IC HONING MACHINE Filed March 11, 1966 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR ISA 0 KANAZ y 19 69 ISAO KANAZASHI- DWELLMATIC HONING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 11, 1966 m6; 21mg flaw aha/2% A mat H '5 July 15, 1969 ISAO KANAZASHI I 3,455,063

DWELLMATIC uoume mixcams Filed March 11, 1966 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 STROKE L-q-A TIME STROKE INVENTOR ISAC? KANA ZASHI 7," BY 1 ATTQP/VEPJ 3,455,063 DWELLMATIC HONING MACHINE Isao Kanazashi, Numazu, Japan, assignor to Fuji Seiki Machine Works, Shimotogari, near Mishma, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, a corporation of Japan Filed Mar. 11, 1966, Ser. No. 533,644 Claims priority, application Japan, Apr. 6, 1965, 40/ 19,717 Int. Cl. B24b 7/00, 9/00 US. Cl. 51-34 3 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A honing machine having means reciprocating and rotating a honing element and means for dwelling the reciprocation of the honing element for a predetermined amount of time at a predesignated position within an opening While continuing the rotaton thereof.

This invention relates to a reciprocating honing or lapping machine, and more particularly, to a mechanism driving a hone or lapping element for both reciprocating and rotating motion.

Persons familiar with reciprocating and rotating honing machines are familiar with the problems that arise when obtaining a finished blind hole conforming to the machining specification required on a shop drawing. More particularly, the problem relates to forming a blind hole having the same diameter both at the top and bottom of the hole. That is, presently known honing machines reciprocate and rotate the honing element from a position adjacent the outer rim to a position adjacent the closed end of the hole. Thus, an equal amount of time is spent by the honing element at the top as at the bottom of the hole. However, since the hole is closed, all of the honing surface of the honing element cannot pass over the side wall at the bottom, or closed end of the hole. Therefore, only the lower end portion of the honing element passes over said bottom wall surface. As a result, very little time is spent by the honing element at the bottom of the hole. Thus, the hole tends to be narrower at the bottom than at the top.

The difference in diameters of the bottom and the top portions of the hole, varies in the range of approximately .007 to .012 inch. This variance is undesirable, for exemple, in the development of pneumatic or hydraulic braking systems for automobiles comprising a one-piece cylinder chamber construction. The piston, slideable within the blind hole forming a cylinder, will not fit properly over the entire length of the surface of the chamber.

In the past, manufacturers have formed one-piece blind holes by drilling the holes deeper than is normally required in order to facilitate the honing element passing equally over all portions of the surface of the hole. The unused portion of the hole, though it solved the honing problem, meant an added length to the part desired and an undesirable high cost of material to the manufacturer. In order to overcome the high cost aspect as well as the size problem, some manufacturers have adopted a multiple piece construction which can be mass produced with less material than with the original one-piece construction.

Accordingly, the objects of the invention include:

(1) To provide a honing and/ or lapping machine having the capability of forming a finished blind hole having the characteristic that its diameter is consistent, to a very close degree of tolerance, over the entire length of the hole.

(2) To further provide a honing and/r lapping machine which dwells for a predetermined period of time adjacent the blind end of the hole.

Tnitcd States Patent 0 (3) To further provide a honing and/or lapping machine which can manufacture a finished one-piece blind hole having a depth approximately equal to the length of the wall surface required to make the pneumatic or hydraulic braking system work efliciently.

Other objects and purposes of this invention will become apparent to persons familiar with this type of equipment upon reading the following specification and examining the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view, partly in section, of the honing machine comprising the invention.

FIGURE 2 is a sectional view taken on line II-II of FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 3 is a partial side elevational view taken on line III-III in FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 4 is a diagram of the honing machine showing all of the component parts schematically.

FIGURE 5 is a simplified diagrammatic illustration of the honing machine with the quill at one end of the stroke.

FIGURE 6, like FIGURE 5, is a diagrammatic illustration of the honing machine with the quill at the opposite end of the stroke.

FIGURE 7, like FIGURES 5 and 6, is a simplified diagrammatic illustration of the honing machine with the quill at the lowermost point of the stroke.

FIGURE 8 is a graph illustrating the stroke versus time characteristics of the system embodying the inventron.

FIGURE 9 is a graph illustrating the stroke versus time characteristic achieved by the adjustment shown in FIGURES 6 (solid lines) and 10 (broken lines).

FIGURE 10 is a simplified diagrammatic illustration of a modified form of a honing machine embodying the invention.

For convenience in description, the terms left, right, clockwise, counterclockwise, upwardly and downwardly and derivatives thereof will have reference to the drawings. GENERAL DESCRIPTION The objects and purposes of the invention, including those set forth above, have been met by providing a honing machine comprising a system of crank arms and connecting rods advantageously positioned in respect to one another and connected to a honing element so that a dwell time is established adjacent to the bottom end of the stroke.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION A honing and/or lapping machine 15 (FIGURE 1) comprises a housing 16 having a top wall 17 and four side walls 18, one of said side walls having a cover plate 19 for easy access to the interior of the housing.

The interior of the housing 16 comprises a combination of crank arms, connecting rods and gears serially connected. The drive means for the combination comprises a conventional electric motor 21 (FIGURES 1 and 4), or the like, having a pulley 22 on its output shaft, driving a belt 23 connected to a pulley 24 on the input shaft 26 of the honing machine 15.

The input shaft 26 (FIGURE 1) extends into the housing 16 and carries with it a driving gear 27 and a driving worm gear 28. The worm gear 28 rotates to drive the :gear 29 (FIGURE 2) connected to the shaft 31 which is mounted for rotation within a pair of bearings 32 and 33 positioned in a pair of bearing retainer bosses 34 and 35, respectively.

The right end of the shaft 31 (FIGURES 2 and 4) has connected thereto a crank arm 37 which has connected to its radially outer end one end of a connecting rod 38. The other end of the connecting rod 38 is connected to a second crank arm 39 (FIGURE 3).

Crank arm 39 is somewhat triangularly shaped, having near its upper end an arcuate slot 41, having at its center an opening 42 for a shaft 43 slideably arranged therein.

A screw 44 is threadedly secured to a block 46, which is rigidly secured to one end of the shaft 43, through the arcuate slot 41. The screw 44 secures the block 46 to the crank arm 39 to prevent a relative rotation between them. The purpose of this construction will become apparent.

The shaft 43 (FIGURE 1) is rotatably supported by bearings 48 and 49 secured in the bearing retainer bosses 34 and 35, respectively. The outer end of the shaft 43 is connected to an adjustable crank arm 51 which comprises a housing 52 having a slot 53 along one side. The upper side 54 of the housing 52 supports a screw 56 extending to the inside of the housing and supports at its lowermost end one end of a nonrotatable shaft 57 having a threaded opening therethrough for the reception of the screw 56. The outer end of the shaft 57 pivotally supports one end of the connecting rod 58. The other end of the connecting rod 58 is pivotally secured to the upper end of the quill 59 by a ring 61 secured to the quill 59 by a nut 62.

The driving gear 27 (FIGURES l, 2 and 4) is slideably keyed onto the shaft 26 so that a gear shift mechanism is formed. The gear 27 has two sets of gears 66 and 67, gear 66 being smaller in diameter than gear 67. An idler gear 68 is positioned so that it will rotate with its shaft 69 supported from the upper wall 17 of the housing 16 and can mesh with both gears 27 and 76. The idler gear 68 has three sets of gears 72, 73 and 74, the lower set of gears 72, 73 being capable of meshing with gears 66 and 67, respectively. That is, gear 72 has a diameter which is larger than gear 73, so that they can mesh with gear 66, which has a smaller diameter than gear 67. The upper gear 74 is positioned so that it meshes with the second idler gear 76.

The idler gear 76 (FIGURES 1, 2, and 4) is rotatably mounted on a shaft 75 supported from the upper wall 17 of the housing 16. The gear 76 is of substantial axial extent forming a drum having gear teeth extending axially from the upper end to the lower end. The purpose of this construction will be later apparent. The idler gear 76 meshes with a second gear 77 which is secured to the upper end of the honing spindle 78 by a nut 79 (FIGURE 1).

The honing spindle 78 is rotatably supported through the center of the honing quill 59 and is rigidly secured from the honing quill to prevent axial movement with'respect thereto. The lower end of the honing spindle 78 (FIGURE 4) has a honing element 79 secured thereto.

OPERATION The honing machine is put into operation by starting the motor 21 which causes the pulley 22 and belt 23 to drive the pulley 24 on the input shaft 26. The shaft 26 drives the gears 27 and the worm gear 28. The worm gear 28 drives the gear 29, thus rotating the shaft 31. This causes the crank arm 37 to rotate about the axis of the shaft 31. The rotational movement of the outer end of the crank 37 causes the crank arm 39 to oscillate due to connecting rod 38 therebetween. The oscillation of crank arm 39 causes an oscillation of both the shaft 43 and the adjustable crank arm 51 connected thereto. The crank arm 51 and the connecting rod 58 causes the honing quill 59 to reciprocate up and down, thus causing the honing element 79 connected thereto to reciprocate up and down also.

The gear 27 causes the honing spindle 78 to rotate due to gears 68, 76 and 77, being serially driven by the gear 27. The purpose of the idler gear 76 having a substantial thickness forming a drum, is for allowing the honing quill to reciprocate up and down while at the same time maintaining the rotation of the honing spindle 78. That is, the gear 77 is permitted to slide axially on the surface of the idler gear 76. Thus, the motor 21 causes the honing element 79 to reciprocate up and down and rotate at the same time.

The stroke of the honing quill 59 can be regulated by the adjustment of the screw 56 which either lengthens or shortens the stroke of the crank arm 51. This has the effect of lowering or raising the length of the stroke, respectively. That is, lengthening of the crank arm 51 will make the lower limit of the stroke lower. Likewise, shortening the crank arm 51 will raise the lower limit.

The speed at which the honing element 79 can rotate can be varied by shifting the gear 27 along the shaft 26, so that either gear 72 meshes with gear 66 or gear 73 meshes with gear 67 to obtain the desired result.

DWELL TIME The dwell time is created by a specific positioning of the crank arm 51 with respect to the vertical centerline of the honing quill 59. That is, the centerline 81 (FIGURES 57) of the quill is the datum line for the operation of the honing machine 15.

To insure a complete understanding of the dwell time feature, a detailed discussion will be made, especially referring to the schematic representations of the invention shown in FIGURES 5, 6 and 7. Assuming for the present that the crank arm 39 is locked to the shaft 43 in the position shown in FIGURE 3, the crank arm 51 oscillates through a constant angle a. A portion of the angle a comprises an angle a formed by the datum line 81 and the extreme counterclockwise limit of the angle or shown in FIGURE 5. The extreme clockwise limit of the angle is shown in FIGURE 6. The lowest point of the stroke is shown in FIGURE 7.

For purposes of discussion, it will be assumed that the starting point of the cycle will be the position shown in FIGURE 6, with the crank arm 51 moving counterclockwise. The dwell time is created as the stroke moves from the FIGURE 7 position to the FIGURE 5 position. This causes the honing quill 59 to reach the lowermost point of its stroke (FIGURE 7) and start upward until the position shown in FIGURE 5 is reached by the crank arm 51, at which time the direction of the crank arm 51 is reversed and the honing quill starts downward again until the crank arm is again in the FIGURE 7 position. The crank arm 51 then proceeds clockwise to the starting point, namely, the position shown in FIGURE 6, at which time the cycle is repeated. The time spent by the honing quill at the bottom of the stroke (between the FIGURE 5 and the FIGURE 7 positions) is referred to as the dwell time.

The action of the honing quill 59 is represented by the graph shown in FIGURE 8. The time it takes for the crank arm 51 to complete one cycle is represented by T, whereas the dwell time at the' bottom of the stroke is represented by t, which is the time it takes to complete one cycle through the angle 7.

ADJUSTMENT OF DWELL TIME The dwell time at the bottom of the stroke can be varied to achieve the desired machining result. This is accomplished by removing the cover plate 19 (FIGURES 1 and 2) and loosening the screw 44 threadedly secured to the block 46 and moving the crank arm 39 relative to the shaft 43. This adjustment is pictorially presented in FIG- URES 3 and 6. Movement of the crank arm 39 counterclockwise (FIGURES 3 and 6) relative to the shaft 43 causes the constant angle at to be shifted to form the angle V1 in FIGURE 6, thus setting up new limits of oscillation for the crank arm 51. The crank arm 51 will now oscillate through the new angle 04 wherein 0z=ot However, the dwell time will now be increased to a time corresponding to the angle 4- The adjusted dwell time is graphically illustrated in FIGURE 9, with T representing the time required to complete one full cycle, t representing the dwell time corresponding to the time it takes to complete one cycle through the angle Adjusting the crank arm 39 clockwise with respect to shaft 43 will reverse the process and diminish the dwell time.

ALTERNATE ADJUSTMENT OF DWELL TIME An alternate adjustment of the dwell time is shown in FIGURE 10. A slight modification is required in the driving mechanism to maintain a reciprocating and rotating motion of the honing element. This is illustrated by use of two motors S2 and 83. Motor 82 drives the crank arm 37A to make the honing element reciprocate. Motor 83 drives a gear 76A which meshes with a gear 77A to rotate the honing spindle 78A. The crank arm 39A performs in essentially the same way causing crank arm 51A to oscillate through an angle or having a portion thereof, angle 7 representing the dwell time.

The dwell time can be varied by moving the axis of the shaft 31 about a center point 84 defined by the intersection of the arcuate path of the joint between the crank arm 39A and the connecting rod 38A and the extreme leftward limit of the crank arm 39A. This results in the crank arm 51A oscillating through a new angle a having a portion thereof, angle 'yj'y representing the dwell time.

The change in dwell time is graphically illustrated in FIGURE 9 by the broken line. The time for one complete cycle is represented by T T is longer, in this case, than T, because the angle or was increased to 0: (a oc) t represents the dwell time corresponding to the time it takes to complete one cycle through the angle 'y+'y Although particular preferred embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above for illustrative purposes, it will be understood that variations or modifications of such disclosure, which lie within the scope of the appended claims, are fully contemplated.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:

1. In a honing machine for finishing the wall of a closed end hole, the combination comprising:

a honing element supported for a reciprocatory stroke and simultaneous rotary movement;

crank arm means supported for oscillatory movement about an axis and having connecting rod means pivotally secured to and extending between said crank arm means and said honing element;

first driving means for rotating said honing element;

second driving means for oscillating said crank arm means back and forth about said axis between limits which define a first angle and for moving said crank arm means and said connecting rod means through a position of parallel alignment between said limits of oscillation when said honing element is at one end of said stroke, said position of parallel alignment defining a theoretical line which intersects said axis of said crank arm means to divide said first angle into second and third angles, said second driving means further moving said crank arm means within the limits of said second angle to effect a dwell of said honing element within said hole adjacent said one end of said stroke for a predetermined amount of time dependent upon the size of the second angle.

2. The honing machine defined in claim 1, wherein said crank arm means includes adjustable means for adjusting the size of said second angle to vary the dwell time of said honing element within said hole.

3. In a honing machine for finishing the wall of a closed end hole, the combination comprising:

a honing element supported for a reciprocatory stroke and simultaneous rotary movement and a first drive means for rotatably driving said honing element;

a first shaft supported for rotation;

second drive means connected to said shaft for rotatably driving said first shaft;

a first crank arm rigidly secured to said first shaft and rotatable therewith;

afirst connecting rod pivotally secured at one end to a one end of said first crank arm;

asecond shaft supported for rotation having second crank arm means rigidly secured thereto, the other end of said first connecting rod being pivotally secured to said second crank arm means, said second crank arm means being angularly adjustable relative to said second shaft, said second driving means effecting an oscillatory movement of said second crank arm means between limits which define a first angle;

a third crank arm rigidly secured to said second shaft and oscillatable therewith, a second connecting rod pivotally secured at one end to said third crank arm, the other end of said second connecting rod pivotally secured to said honing element, whereby an oscillatory movement of said third crank arm will elfect a reciprocation of said honing element, said second connecting rod and said third crank arm being supported for movement through a position of parallel alignment when said honing element is at one end of said stroke, said parallel alignment occurring between said limits of said first angle whereby when said third crank arm and said second connecting rod oscillate through said position of parallel alignment, said honing element will dwell for a predetermined amount of time within the hole adjacent said one end of said stroke while continuing to rotate, said angular position of adjustment of said second crank arm means relative to said second shaft determining the length of said dwell time.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,870,577 1/1959 Seborg 51-34 563,593 7/1896 Hoenscheid.

1,324,454 12/1919 La Fortune.

1,904,608 4/1933 Bettini.

2,108,354 2/1938 Swanson 51-34 2,353,958 7/1944 Fulmer 5134 LESTER M. SWINGLE, Primary Examiner

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