US3448474A - Autoclave cleaning device - Google Patents

Description

June 10, 1969 w, GOODRUM 3,448,474

AUTOCLAVE CLEANING DEVICE Filed April 28, 1967 Sheet of s FIG. I.

June 10, 1969 R. w. GOODRUM AUTOCLAVE CLEANING DEVICE Sheet Filed April 28, 1967 FIG. 2.

June 10, 1969 R. w. GOODRUM AUTOCLAVE CLEANING DEVICE Sheet Filed April 28, 1967 FIG. 3.

FIG. 4.

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R. w. GOODRUM 3,448,474

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AUTOCLAVE CLEANING DEVICE Sheet Filed April 28, 1967 IZI 4 m 2 w m m 42/ M 2 W m FIG. 7.

June 10, 1969 R. w GOODRUM AUTOCLAVE CLEANING DEVICE Sheet Filed April 28, 1967 FIG. 9.

FIG. 9A.

June 10, 1969 w, GOQDRUM 3,448,474

AUTOCLAVE CLEANING DEVICE Filed April 28, 1967 Sheet 8 of 8 FIG. IO.

FIG. IOA.

United States Patent 3,448,474 AUTOCLAVE CLEANING DEVICE Richard W. Goodrum, Baton Rouge, La., assignor to Ethyl Corporation, New York, N.Y., a corporation of Virginia Filed Apr. 28, 1967, Ser. No. 634,758 Int. Cl. F28g 3/04 US. C]. 1556 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A cleaning device for cleaning the interior walls of a cylindrical vessel. The device is adapted to be inserted through a manway or through the top of a vessel such as an autoclave. A central gear box is mounted on a swivel and has one or more motors mounted thereon. The motors are connected to the drive shafts which extend to each side thereof. The shafts are connected to a Wheel assembly adapted to contact the interior sidewall of the vessel and to propel the cleaning device in a circular or spiral path around the interior wall of the vessel. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention an independently rotatable cylindrical brush is mounted at each end of the apparatus in contact with the vessel wall. Each brush is driven by a separate motor. The cleaning device includes an adjustable length arm which permits the device to be used for cleaning vessels of various widths. The independently rotating brushes thoroughly clean any deposit that may be present on the sidewall of the vessel as the device rotates around the interior of the vessel.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the invention This invention relates to a cleaning device for cleaning the interior walls of cylindrical vessels such as an autoclave.

Description of the prior art Present methods of cleaning large vessels, particularly autoclaves used to manufacture plastic materials such as polyvinyl chloride, require unusually long times to remove materials deposited on the Walls of the vessel. One method used heretofore to clean autoclaves of polymer build-ups is to loosen the polymer by soaking with a solvent and then hand scraping to remove the loosened polymer. This is costly and time consuming in that the solvent is expensive and diflicult to reclaim. Further, considerable time is occupied in swelling and loosening the polymer prior to removal by hand scraping.

Another commonly used method is for one or more men to enter the autoclave and hand clean using brushes or scrapers to clean the walls of the autoclave. This cleaning procedure is also very time consuming and expensive. Additionally, it is very difficult to completely clean all traces of polymer build-up from the walls of an autoclave by hand labor. Common time for cleaning a two hundred gallon autoclave by hand, using two men with putty knife cleaners has been found to be from thirty to ninety minutes when the autoclave has been used to manufacture suspension polyvinyl chloride resins. By utilizing the device of the present invention, the same size autoclave can be cleaned with only one man as the operator on the outside of the autoclave in about twenty minutes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a mechanical cleaning device for a large cylindrical vessel which can be placed in the vessel through existing manways.

3,448,474 Patented June 10, 1969 It is another object of the present invention to provide a cleaning device for vessels which device is capable of removing build-up deposits from the vessel wall rapidly and completely.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a cleaning device which has independent drive means for rotating the device within the vessel and for driving the cleaning brushes.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a cleaning device of a size and construction which can be easily handled and by one man.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a cleaning device Which can be programmed to cover the entire inner wall surface of a cylindrical vessel.

The foregoing objects are realized in a cleaning device for cleaning the interior walls of a cylindrical vessel which device includes a transverse support means having a drive means mounted thereon. The drive means include a rotatable body contacting the vessel to rotate the cleaning device within the vessel. Cleaning means are mounted on the support means and are adapted to act upon the interior wall of the vessel to clean the wall as the cleaning device rotates.

The cleaning device of the present invention utilizes separate drive means for the propulsion of the device around the Walls of the vessel thereby providing a degree of freedom for the cleaning means attached thereto. In one preferred embodiment of the device separate drive means is provided for each of the cylindrical brushes to allow a different rotational speed independent of the speed of rotation of the cleaning device. The present device can be set to move the cleaning means over the entire sidewall surface of a cylindrical vessel such as an autoclave and thereby to effectively clean every square inch of the interior sidewall surface of the vessel. The device is a significant improvement over the cleaning devices used heretofore in that the present device does not require an operator to enter the autoclave to clean the sidewalls. The entire operation can be carried out with the operator observing the action of the cleaner through the manway of the vessel.

Brief description of the drawings FIGURE 1 is an elevational view of the cleaning device of the present invention positioned in an autoclave;

FIGURE 2 is an enlarged plan view of FIGURE 1 along line 22;

FIGURE 3 is an elevational view of the cleaning device as seen in FIGURE 2;

FIGURE 4 is a cross sectional view of FIGURE 2 along line 44;

FIGURE 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIGURE 2 along line 55;

FIGURE 5A is a cross sectional view of FIGURE 2 along line 5A5A;

FIGURE 6 is a cross sectional view of FIGURE 2 along line 6-6;

FIGURE 7 is an enlarged cross sectional view of FIGURE 2 along line 77;

FIGURE 8 is a cross sectional view of FIGURE 2 along line 88;

FIGURE 9 is a plan view of one arm of another embodiment of the cleaning device showing a scraper device attached thereto;

FIGURE 9A is an elevational view of FIGURE 9;

FIGURE 10 is a plan view of one arm of still another embodiment of the cleaning device showing a hydraulic cleaner device attached thereto; and

FIGURE 10A is an elevational view of FIGURE 10.

3 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring now to FIGURE 1, the cleaning device of the present invention is designated generally by the numeral 20. The device is shown positioned in an autoclave which is designated generally by the numeral 21. The autoclave includes a cylindrical sidewall section 22 and a removable top section 23 having a manway 24 provided which is of sufficient width to permit entry of the cleaning device into the autoclave. While the top section of the autoclave shown in FIGURE 1 is shown as being removable, it is not essential since the cleaning device of the present invention can be used in autoclaves having only a manway. The cleaning device of the present invention can readily be made in a size such that it has a width which will readily permit it to be turned lengthwise and inserted through the manway 24.

As seen in FIGURE 1 the cleaning device is suspended in the autoclave 21 by means of a cable 25 which is attached at its upper end to a hoist (not shown). A pair of air supply hoses 26-26a are connected at their lower ends to the cleaning device 20 and their upper ends (not shown) are connected to throttling valves to control the flow of air through the hoses. Referring now to FIGURES 1 and 6, it will be seen that the cable 25 has a hook 27 on its lower end attached to U-bolt 28 which is threadably received in the top of a swivel assembly designated generally by the numeral 29. The swivel assembly includes a hollow cylindrical body section 30 which has received therein a rotatable cylindrical shaped shank section 31. The shank is machined for a close sliding fit with the interior walls of the body. An upper roller bearing assembly 32 and lower roller bearing assembly 33 support the shank within the body of the air swivel assembly. Top cover plate 34 couples the shank 31 and body 30 together. The cover plate is removably mounted on the body 30 by means of cap screws 35 received in threaded openings 36 provided in the body 30. One of the air hoses 26 has its end terminating in a threaded fitting 37 which is received in tapped opening 38 in the top of shank 31. A passageway 39 extends from the tapped opening 38 longitudinally in the shank 31 and then transversely to communicate with an annular channel 40 provided in the inner wall of body 30. The second air hose 26a is connected through threaded coupling 37a received in tapped opening 38a provided in the top of shank section 31. A second passageway 39a in shank 31 is provided connecting with a second annular channel 40:: provided in the body 30. Shallow rectangular grooves 41 are provided above and below annular channel 40 and annular channel 40a in the inner wall of body 30. Annular seal rings 42 are received in each of the annular grooves 41 and serve to seal the body to the shank section to prevent air from escaping from channels 40 and 40a. Upper opposed threaded openings 43-43:: are provided in the body 30 communicating with the annular channel 40. Similar lower openings 4311-430 are provided in the lower portion of body 30 communicating with the lower annular channel 40a. Threaded opening 43 receives one end of a threaded pipe T coupling 126. The opposite threaded opening 43a receives one end of a similar threaded pipe T coupling 126a. Lower threaded opening 43b receives threaded hose coupling 127 and opposed opening 430 receives coupling 128.

The primary drive assembly, designated generally by the numeral 44, is connected to the swivel assembly 29 by means of cap screws 45 projecting through an opening provided in top plate 46 and received in threaded openings 47 provided in the body 30. The primary drive assembly includes a gear box having a top plate 46, sidewalls 48-48, and bottom plate 49. The top plate and bottom plate are attached to sidewalls 48-48 by cap SQWWS.

Referring now to FIGURES 1, 2 and 3, an air motor 50 is mounted on each end wall 51 of the gear box assembly. Each air motor is connected by an air hose 129 to the T coupling 126a in swivel assembly 29. As seen in FIGURES 2, 3, 4 and 6, each air motor is provided with a shaft 52 projecting through bearing 53 provided in each end wall 5151. Each drive shaft 52 has attached to the projecting end thereof a tapered pinion gear 54 which is positioned between and meshes with opposed ring gears 5555a.

As can be seen more clearly in FIGURE 6 right hand ring gear 55 is attached to right hand drive shaft 56 by means of locking pin 57. This shaft extends through a bearing 58 mounted in an opening 59 provided in the wall 48 of the gear box. The left hand ring gear 55a is mounted on left hand shaft 60 by means of locking pin 57. The shaft 60 projects through and is carried by bearing 58 provided in opening 59 provided in the wall 48 of the gear box. The left hand shaft 60 is provided with a collar 61 which bears against the outer end of bearing 58. As seen more clearly in FIGURES 2, 3, 6 and 8, the right hand drive shaft 56 is covered by drive shaft housing 61. The housing is attached to the sidewall 48 of the gear box by means of cap screws 62 projecting through openings in a flange 63 on the drive shaft housing. The cap screws are received in threaded openings provided in the wall of the gear box.

' is attached to flange plate 69 which is in turn attached to the end of the right hand housing 61 by means of welding bead 70. Cap screws extend through openings in flange 68 to attach the drive wheel assembly to the flange 69. Drive shaft 65 is supported within the base of the T-shaped housing 67 by means of a spaced apart pair of roller bearing assemblies 7171. The drive shaft 65 extends through oil seal disc 72, dust seal disc 73, and then through bearing plate 74. The shaft is received in the boss 64 and coupled thereto by means of a key 75 received in longitudinal slots provided in shaft 65 and matching slot provided in boss 64. The key is held within the slots by means of screw 76. Shaft 65 has a pinion gear 77 mounted on its outward end which meshes with and drives pinion gear 78 mounted on wheel drive shaft 79. Drive shaft 79 is mounted in opposed sets of roller bearing assemblies 8080 received within the T head of the housing 67. The shaft 79 extends through oil seal disc 81 and dust seal disc 82 mounted at each end of the T head of the housing 67. A drive wheel 83 is mounted on each end of shaft 79. The drive Wheel 83 may be made of any material but is preferably hard rubber or rubber covered in order to provide good traction against the wall of the autoclave 22.

If desired the drive wheel assembly 66 may be commercially available off the shelf pre-assembled item. One commercially available assembly which has been found eminently suitable for use in the present invention is a one horsepower Anglgear unit, three way, Model R3302, manufactured by Airborne Accessories Corporatron.

Referring now to FIGURES 1, 2, 3 and 6, the left hand support assembly of the cleaning device of the present invention includes a fixed left hand drive shaft housing 84 having an integral flange 85 attached to the wall of the gear box assembly by means of cap screws 86. The outer end of drive shaft housing 84 is received in movable drive shaft housing 87 which is welded at its outer end to bracket 88. A pair of pneumatic or hydraulic actuators 89-89 have their bases attached to the left wall 48 of the gear box. The actuators are mounted in an opposed position one on either side of the housings 84-87. Each actuator has a piston rod 90 extending from its outer end which, in turn, has its outer end attached by means of jam nuts 91 to the bracket 88. The actuators 89 may be powered either by air or fluid pressure, however, air actuators are preferred since an air supply is provided to the apparatus to operate the air motors. A left hand drive wheel assembly 66a, which is identical to assembly 66 described hereinbefore, is attached to the left arm of the cleaning device by means of bracket 88.

Referring now to FIGURES 5, 5A and 6, it will be seen that the left hand fixed housing 84 is slidably received in the movable portion of the left hand housing 87 whereby the length of the left arm of the cleaning assembly may be shortened or lengthened at will. Each of the housings 84 and 87 is provided with matching longitudinal grooves 92-92 within which is received a rectangular key 93. The key-groove combination locks the fixed and movable housings together to prevent any tendency to rotate but permits them to move longitudinally with respect to each other. The outer end of cylindrical left hand drive shaft 60 has a portion 94 which is substantially rectangularly shaped. A collar 95 separates the rectangular shaped portion 94 of the drive shaft from the cylindrical portion of the drive shaft 60. The rectangular shaped portion 94 of the drive shaft 60 slidably receives over it a mating rectangular hollow portion 130 of the left hand drive shaft 96 which powers the left hand drive wheel assembly 66a. Shaft 96 is connected to the drive wheel assembly 66a in a similar manner to that de scribed hereinbefore for the right hand drive wheel assembly 66. The connection between rectangular shaft end 94 and the rectangular opening 130 in shaft 96 provides for lengthening and shortening of the left hand arm of the cleaning apparatus and yet furnishes a positive connection for transmitting power to the drive wheels.

As seen in FIGURES l-3 and 7, the cleaning device of the present invention has attached to each drive wheel assembly a cleaning brush assembly designated generally by the numeral 97. The assembly is attached to the right hand arm of the cleaning device by means of an extension on flange 69. The opposite brush assembly is attached to bracket 88 on the left hand arm of the cleaning device. Flange 69 and bracket 88 each provide a vertically extending ear 98 (see FIGURE 7) which has an opening 99 provided therein. As seen in FIGURE 7 a brush spacer block 100 has projecting lugs 101 and 101a at the top and bottom thereof provided with openings 102 which are aligned with opening 99 in the ear 98. A pivot pin 103 is received in aligned opening 99 and 102 and held in position by means of locking rings 104. A top brush mounting plate 105 is attached to the spacer block 100 by means of cap screws 106 received in threaded openings provided in block 100. A dowel 107 is received in an unthreaded opening 108 provided in block 100 to permit accurate alignment of the top mounting plate 105. A bottom brush mounting plate 109 is attached to the bottom surface of spacer block 100 by means of cap screws and dowels and threaded openings (not shown) in a manner similar to that used for the top mounting plate 105. A support ring 110 is attached to the top of mounting plate 105 by welding or other suitable means. Air motor 111 is attached to the support ring 110 by means of mounting plate 112. The plate 112 is held by cap screws 113 received in threaded openings 114 provided in the support ring 110. The air motor has a shaft 115 extending through the opening provided by mounting ring 110 and received in an axially bored boss 116 provided on the top of brush shaft 117. A heavy duty cylindrical brush 118 is received on the mounting shaft 117. Locking ring 119 is threadably received on the lower end of shaft 117 and, in conjunction with washers 120, holds the brush on the shaft. The lower end of shaft 117 is received in bearing 121 which is mounted in an open- 6 ing provided in the lower brush mounting plate 109. Lock nut 122 holds the shaft 117 in position in bearing 121.

As seen in FIGURE 2 each brush top mounting plate has a lug 12?: extending therefrom. A helical spring 124 has one end received in lug 123 and the other end attached to lug 125 which is fixed to the respective left and right drive wheel assemblies 6666. The spring 124 (see FIGURE 2) pulls the cleaning brush assembly 97 into firm contact with the cylindrical wall 22 of the autoclave.

While the rotating cylindrical cleaning brush assembly 97 has been found to be extremely effective in cleaning the walls of cylindrical vessels nevertheless other cleaning attachments may be aflixed to the extended arms of the cleaning device of the present invention and effectively used. Referring now to FIGURES 9 and 9A it will be seen that the brush assembly can be used in conjunction with a blade scraper device designated generally by the numeral 131. The scraper device includes a mounting plate 132 that is attached to the side of each drive wheel assembly 66 by suitable means. The plate has opposed lugs 133 extending from the top and bottom edge thereof. The lugs have openings therein which receive pivot pin 134 on which is pivotably mounted the scraper blade support 135. An L-shaped bracket 136 is bolted to sup port and has an opening in its outer end through which projects an elongated bolt 137. The bolt is attached at its lower end to the mounting plate 132 and carrys coil spring 148. Spring 148 is under compression with one end bearing against the outward end of the L-shaped bracket to force the scraper blade 138 against the wall 22 of the autoclave. Stop nut 139 on bolt 137 limits the outward movement of the end of bracket 136. The pivot mounting and spring loading of the scraper device permits it to ride over very rough projections of hard polymer on the inner wall of the atuoclave without break ing the scraper blade.

Still another embodiment of a cleaning head for use in the present invention is shown in FIGURES 10 and 10A. This version of the device utilizes a hydraulic spray head, designated generally by the numeral 140, positioned in close proximity to the walls of the vessel to effect cleaning thereof. A fluid distribution block 141 is mounted on base plate 149 which is attached by suitable means to the drive wheel assembly housing 67. The block provides interior channels (not shown) which distribute the cleaning liquid supplied by hose 142 to the three spray nozzles 143 which are threadably mounted in the face of block 141. These nozzles direct a jet spray of liquid 144 against the interior wall 22 of the auto clave to effectively remove foreign materials therefrom. If desired one of the air supply hoses 26-2611 may be used to supply cleaning liquid to the hydraulic spray head device 140, however, a separate supply line with its own channel and connecting hoses in the swivel assembly 29 is preferred.

In operation the cleaning apparatus of the present invention is suspended from the cable 25, turned on end to present its minimum Width to the manway opening 24 in the autoclave, lowered down through the manway 24 into the autoclave 21, and then allowed to swing into the horizontal plane. When the cleaning device is placed in the autoclave the pneumatic actuators 89 are in the closed position so that the left arm of the device is at its minimum length. After the device is placed in the horizontal position in the autoclave the actuators 89 are powered by air supplied through hoses 145145 to extend the left arm of the cleaning device until the drive wheels 83-83 contact the interior wall of the autoclave forcing the opposite drive wheels 8383 into firm contact with the opposite wall of the autoclave. Compressed air is fed through line 26 from a throttling valve (not shown), through the swivel assembly, and supply hoses 129129 to power the air motors 50-50. Air motors 5050 rotate the apparatus around the swivel assembly 29 by means of power transmitted through the pinion-ring gear assembly and drive shafts to the drive wheel assemblies 6666 mounted on each end of the cleaning device. It is preferred that the drive wheel assemblies 6666 be mounted at a very slight angle on the respective arms of the cleaning device in order that the Wheels may have a slight cant which will cause the device to move in a very tight descending spiral from the top to the bottom of the autoclave thereby traversing each incremental area of the surface of the interior wall 22 of the autoclave. By utilizing a separate air supply line (not shown) the motors 5050 may be reversed to cause the device to retrace its path back to the top of the autoclave. As the cleaning assembly rotates around the swivel each spring 124 holds each of the cleaning brush assemblies 97 firmly against the walls of the autoclave. Air supplied through the other air hose 26a, controlled by a throttling valve (not shown), is first conducted through the swivel then through hoses 147-147 to the air motors 111111.

These air motors drive the cylindrical brushes 118118 through the connecting shafts at a speed which is determined by the setting of the throttle valve. As shown by the arrows in FIGURE 2 it is preferred to have the cylindrical brushes 118 rotate in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the cleaning device around the swivel. It is usually more effective if the speed of air motors 111111 is set to rotate the brushes 118118 at a speed substantially in excess of that at which air motors 5050 drive the cleaning device around the walls of the autoclave. When the cleaning device reaches the bottom of the autoclave, or reaches the level of the bottom entry paddle or agitator which may be in place in the vessel, the device is stopped and actuators 8989 are deactivated so that the length of the left arm of the cleaning device may be shortened to permit the device to be withdrawn from the autoclave. If desired the cleaning action may 'be repeated a number of times in order to provide more effective cleaning of the interior walls of the vessel. To remove the device the actuators are maintained in their minimum length position and the device is tipped to the vertical position and withdrawn through the manway 24. It is usually advisable to flush the walls and the bottom of the vessel with a cleaning liquid such as Water or solvent to sweep away the dust and loosened particles of material which have been brushed from the walls of the vessel by the cleaning device.

The cleaning device of the present invention provides an extremely efficient apparatus for removing deposits from the walls of cylindrical vessels, particularly from the walls of autoclaves used to manufacture synthetic resins. The device has been found especially suitable for removing polyvinyl chloride deposits from autoclaves used in suspension and emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride homo and copolymers. The device is relatively rugged and easy to maintain. It also has the advantage that it accomplishes an extremely effective cleaning job on the interior walls of a cylindrical vessel without requiring the entry of the vessel by an operator. The device has further advantages in that a number of different cleaning devices may be attached thereto which can be used for cleaning the surfaces of a cylindrical vessel.

What is claimed is:

1. A cleaning device for cleaning the interior wall of a cylindrical vessel comprising:

(a) a swivel assembly for rotatably supporting said device,

(i) said assembly providing at least one passageway therethrough for fluid supply to said device;

(b) a primary drive assembly attached to the bottom of said swivel,

(i) said primary drive assembly having a gear box enclosing at least one ring and pinion gear arrangement drivingly connected to at least one fluid power drive motor mounted on said gear box,

(ii) an adjustable length drive shaft and a fixed length drive shaft each having one end connected to said ring gear and extending through opposite sides of said gear box,

(iii) a fixed length housing attached to said gear box and covering said fixed length drive shaft,

(iv) an adjustable length housing attached to said gear box and covering said adjustable length drive shaft;

(c) a drive wheel assembly carried on the end of each of said housings and connected to their respective drive shaft;

(d) a wall cleaning assembly mounted on each of said drive wheel assemblies and adapted to contact the wall of said vessel; and

(e) an independent drive motor connected to each of said cleaning assemblies.

2. In a cleaning device for cleaning the interior wall of a cylindrical vessel including, transverse support means, drive means mounted on said support means, said drive means including a rotatable body contacting said vessel to rotate said cleaning device within said vessel, the improvement comprising: at least one rotatable brush mounted adjacent each end of said support means, said brushes being rotatable independently of said cleaning device.

3. The cleaning device of claim 2 wherein each of said brushes is rotated by an air motor.

4. The cleaning device of claim 2 wherein each of said rotatable brushes is held in contact with said interior wall by resilient means.

5. The cleaning device of claim 2 wherein a blade scraper device is mounted adjacent each end of said support means.

6. The cleaning device of claim 5 wherein said blade of said scraper device is held in contact with said interior wall by resilient means.

7. The cleaning device of claim 2 wherein said transverse support means includes one arm having a fixed length and an oppositely disposed arm having an adjustable length.

8. The cleaning device of claim 2 wherein said support means includes a protective housing for at least a portion of said drive means.

9. The cleaning device of claim 2 wherein said support means includes a swivel assembly providing at least two fluid passages therein.

10. The cleaning device of claim 2 wherein said drive means includes a pair of air motors interconnected by means of pairs of opposed ring and pinion gears.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,569,203 1/1926 Rice et a1. 15--104.13 1,616,777 2/1927 Booth 15-56 2,710,418 6/1955 Putnam 15--104.07

EDWARD L. ROBERTS, Primary Examiner.

U.S. Cl. X.R. 15-104.09

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