US33122A - And alexander millar - Google Patents

Description

HENRY F. COX, JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, AND ALEXANDER MILLAR, AOF NEW YORK,

i N. Y., ASSIGNORS TO HENRY F. COX.

MACHINERY Fon cUT'TnvG comas.

"Specification oi Letters Patent No. 33,122, `dated August 20, 1861.

To all whom it may` concern:

Be it `known that we, HENRY il?. Cox, of

Jersey City, State of New Jersey, and ALEXANDER MILLAR, ofthe city, county, and

State of N ew York, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Machinery for Cutting `Coi'ks; and we do hereby declai'ethat the following is aA full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, reference being made to the `annexed drawing, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure lis an end view or elevation. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view. F ig. 3 is a `side elevation. Figs. A6 and 7 are of parts indetail.

Similar letters indicate similar `parts throughout the figures.

My invention is an improvement in that class of cork Vcutting machines by which -a number of corks may be cut at one and the same time out cfa slab or sheet 4of the `corkwood, and it consists, firstly, in the manner` whereby the clamps, around which the cutters revolve, Aare made to press upon and hold the cork while it is being cute; secondly, in the peculiar construction of the cutting parts, and thirdly, in the general arrangements whereby Athe machine may be as economically employed in the cutting of short corks as upon long ones.

ln this class of machines, as hitherto constructed, the clam-ping pieces have been attached to the cutter stocks,.being inserted in `t-he ends thereof and made to press upon the cork by a coiled spring within the stock acting to throw the clamp out. This spring must, at the commencement of the cutting, be stiff enough to hold the cork-wood proplerly in its place, `and as, by the `advance of the cutters, it becomes of course still further "compressed, it soon crushes down the elasticV cork, whereby `the `cutters are required to work as they progress in material of in-` creasinol densit This however is not the h only evil, forthe pressure `throws `the cork to i one side `and hence it bears against the cutters `*with considerable force, making it necy essary that more power should be employed to` drive the machine than was at first necessary, on account of the lateral friction of the cutters Aas well asgthe denser character of the material upon which they come to operate. In the cutting of `large flat corks, such as for pickle jars or `for bungs, this deflective action is ofbut `little importance,

travel in out Vof Contact withany Amore 4of the wood than is actually necessary. These machines havealso been defective in another particular, viz. as much time has been oc- -cupied in cutting" a shortcork as was required for ythe longest, since the machines have been constructed for .the travel necessary to cut a cork of maximum length and have not :been capable of such adjustment that the travel could Vbe `made only to the distance required when operating on thinner sheets of material. All of rthese defects are obviated by the improvements which We have made, as will be seen `from the following .descriptionof the construction and operation thereof. i

The cutters .and clamps are .arranged across one end of the frame work ofthe machine, in `vertical position, and over the supporting table, as seen in Figs. l and 2, wherein M represents the spindles or revolving stocks for carrying the cutters, .theletter I the fixed clamps passing through said spindles, `and N N .the pair of cutters `to each spindle. Beneath #these rests the ltable E which has nuts F and screw bolts, as shown, -in order that the `table `may be raised 4or lowered. r[he cutter spindles M are held like drill-stocks in a .frame as seen `at (0') in the several figures, This is attached to fixed slides P in `such `manner that it can Abe moved up and down. These spindles are hollow, and the clamp rods zpass up through them and each rod is suspended at its top end .by

`a knob rest-ing inthe forked end of a lever or arm, K, which projects from a cross shaft resting upon the Amain frame. Upon `the top of each clamp-rod there presses a feather spring J tending constantly to force it downward. VAt thelower end of each .rod is a round clamp plate I roughened on that surface which presses upon the cork so as thereby to maintain a securehold. rlhe use of the levers K is for raising the clamps to free the cork and to make room `to insert a fresh piece of corkwood.

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An arm (u) is attached to the cross shaft (1) and this is again connected with a second lever (t) beneath, the end of which is struck by a post (s) aixed to the sliding frame (0), so that when the latter rises to carry up the cutters this post will strike.() and raise also the clamps. The frame carrying the cutter spindles is caused to be raised and lowered by two cams (it) and (g) revolving upon a cross shaft (f) at the back part of the frame, and acting upon a system of adjustable levers and lift rods by which the two are connected together. The cam is for raising the frame (o) and the cam (7L) for depressing it. These cams act upon opposite sides of avertical post through a slot in which the cam shaft passes, as shown in Fig. 3. The post (i) is connected to one end of a lever of the first kind (m), which is again connected to another lever (p) by a link (a), and this latter to the frame (o) by link (g) which has adjustments for varying its length. an adjustment for increasing the throw of the levers viz., by slots or holes (m) and (29') by which the link may be shifted to or from their respective ulcra.

The object of lengthening or shortening thelevers is to give more or less travel to the frame (o) according to the length of the corks to be cut and thickness of corkwood. The object of the adjustable link is to set the frame so as tostart always from a given point in its downward motion, which it would not otherwise do when the extent of the arc of the motion of the levers was changed.

The frame (0) carrying the cutter stocks may be made to descend, when cutting a short cork, at the same rate ont speed as when cutting a long one, by taking olic the gear wheels (b) and (c) which transmit the motion from the main shaft@ to the shaft (f), and substituting for them others having the number of their teeth relatively different, and thus the speed of the shaft (f) may be varied when the proportion of the ends of the adjustable levers to each other has been changed.

The cutter spindles are shown as being geared together by toothed wheels M', the object of which is to keep the cutters ot' one spindle from interfering with those of the next, by causing them to keep always a certain distance from each other. Thus considerable saving may be effected of the corkwood, since the cutter stocks may be placed so closely together that the path of the cutters will intersect each other, as seen in Fig. 6, so that the corks cut out will be separated only by the width of the groove formed by the thickness oit' one set of cutters, in consequence of the cutters of the next spindle traveling partly in this groove, and so on throughout the series, whereas were the spin- There is also Y dles so far apart that the paths of the'cut ters will not intersect, there would ber-left,V

not only a stratum of wood but the thickness also of an additional cutter. groove.`

main driving shaft, and then a weight W applied to act upon them, as shown, will keep the said belts in proper' tension at all times. The cutters are of peculiar construction.

These are seen at N and N in the several igures and are represented as enlarged in Fig. 7. Two or more may be carried by each spindle.

As shown in the drawings there are but two, being the least that will effect the cutting properly. Each cutter consists of two acting parts viz. a cutting blade and a grub. The blades precede the grub;

The lower end of each cutter terminates in a` thin iat blade, as shown in Figs. l, 3 and 7.

A little above is seen the grubbing point-l at (r) and (g) of F ig. 7. This is formed upon one of the cutters by beveling the toolV as seen in the enlarged views at (1) upto the blade, and squaring the point so formed. The opposite cutter is differently formed at this part by grooving out the edge of the grub and thus forming a short second blade, as at (g) Fig. 7. 1t will be seen that the position of these tools is such that the pointsV of the two blades on each spindle will not follow each other in the same track but A will describe two circles of difterentdiamf eters and concentric.

Thus as they pene-V trate the corkwood two thin circular incisions will thereby vloe made, leaving anar row stratum of cork between of the thickness.

of the cutter shank. As the blades penetrate, the point of the grub (g) will comev upon the cork left in this annular space and `begin `to grub it out, but leaving it in a ridge which.'

the square ended grub (r) further reduces,

and thus the cork so detached is discharged. The operation will be as follows-*The cam (g) being brought around so as to be under the roller (7c) the frame (o) will then be at its full height. The cutters and clamps all being thus brought up,the link VVis now to be so set in the slot in the levers-(m)v and (p) as to produce the proper degree of descent, the cutters should' have to "pass through a given thickness of corkwood. The link (g and g) is then to be adjusted for length so as to raisethe frame (0) to its full height as the given starting point'for cutting all corkwood whatever be its thickness, and the table E must be raised soias to bring the top of the cork blocks upto the clamps. The gear wheels and. should now be adjusted, using a set which will give as rapid downward travel to the frame (o) as is consistent with the proper action of the cutters, and it will be evident that when the levers are at any time adjusted to give a greater length of travel, the speed of the shaft (f) will have to be increased in order to afford the same speed of travel to the said frame. rl`hese adjustmentsl being properly made, a strip of corkwood of suitable thickness for the desired length of the cork is to be placed upon the table and the machine put in motion. As soon as the cam (g) clears the roller (7c) the arms l( will be released, for the post (s) will drop by reason ot the frame beginning to descend; the springs .l will thus torce down the clamp rods upon the cork. The cutters, being now in rapid revolution, penetrate the material, and are caused to descend gradually by the cam (il.) acting to press down the rod The thin blades first inscribe two concentric circles, the grubs tollow as already described, and complete the excavation, leaving finally a complete cork under each clamp detached from the corkblock. rEhe preceding edge of the cam has now come around to the roller (/c) while (/z) has got clear of its lower roller (Z). The whole row of spindles will now be lifted suddenly so that their cutters will be clear of `the corks. This is done by means of a weight or spring applied at the opposite end of the lever upon a rod A. The upward motion ofthe frame (o) will be arrested when the pin (s) strikes the lever (t), the springs J resisting the movement of t-he arms K. The cam now strikes (7c) thus raising the iframe (o) still higher, but to a slight degree only, and carrying with it the clamp rods l through the lifting lever or arms K. This last motion releases the cork and cork-wood, when the whole may be drawn off the table and a new slip inserted,

time being allowed for this while the cam (g) is moving past the roller (le). At Gr is a facing ot' wood upon E to allow the cutters to penetrate slightly so as to insure that they pass completely through the cork-wood. Ditferent diameters of corks can be produced. by spreading apart or bringing nearer together the cutters, which may be accomplished by well known devices, such as screwing a new cutter head to the spindles oi the required dimension &c.

lVe claim- Y l. So combining the fixed clamps with the spindles and cutters revolving around them, that the latter can be both revolved, and raised-and lowered, without. imparting motion to the clamps, substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.

2. The cutters so formed as to make, in the first insta-nce, two annular and concentric incisions and then grub out the corkwood left detached by said cutters, substantially in the manner herein set forth.

8. The arrangement, as described of the adjustable levers and links, and their combination with the spindle frame and the driving cams, for the purpose of producing the different degrees 'of travel required ot' the spindle frame for cutting corks of various lengths, and of enabling the said frame to be always started from a given point, as set forth herein.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto subscnribed our names.

HENRY F. COX. ALEXANDER MILLAR.

Witnesses:

J. P. PInssoN, S. H. MAYNARD.

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