US3296139A - Organic peroxy ester anti-seizure agent - Google Patents
Organic peroxy ester anti-seizure agent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3296139A US3296139A US437323A US43732365A US3296139A US 3296139 A US3296139 A US 3296139A US 437323 A US437323 A US 437323A US 43732365 A US43732365 A US 43732365A US 3296139 A US3296139 A US 3296139A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- seizure
- wear
- lubricant
- organic peroxy
- peroxy ester
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000000573 anti-seizure effect Effects 0.000 title description 14
- -1 peroxy ester Chemical class 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010730 cutting oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPIWXMRIPODGLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCOOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UPIWXMRIPODGLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/22—Peroxides; Ozonides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/06—Peroxides; Ozonides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/284—Esters of aromatic monocarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/285—Esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
Definitions
- This invention relates to improved lubricants containing as a major lubricating component oil of mineral origin.
- the invention relates to lubricating compositions of this type having improved anti-seizure and anti-wear characteristics.
- a particular property required by many mineral base lubricants used today is an ability to prevent seizure and scoring of relatively moving metallic surfaces operating under extremely high pressures per unit area, in many cases considerably in excess of 10,000 psi. Pressures on this order have long been encountered in the machine industry and in metal machining operations which undergo extremely high pressure loads. Consequently, for 'effective lubrication, lubricants capable of withstanding pressures appreciably higher than those at which ordinary mineral base oil lubricant films will rupture have been required.
- the lubricity agent of my present invention is available commercially, 0.5 through 3.0 weight percentages of tbutyl perbenzoate, having an empirical formula of C H O a molecular weight of 194.2 and a structural formula of was intimately blended with varying SAE mineral oils and then subjected to anti-seizure and anti-wear evaluation tests. These tests were conducted on conventional laboratory equipment and will not be described, their operations being well known to those skilled in the art. For example, anti-wear data were obtained on the Shell "ice 4-ball wear tester while anti-seizure data were determined using the well known Falex extreme pressure tester. Description of the Shell 4-ball tester may be found in an article by G. D. Boerlage, Engineering, vol. 136 (1933), p. 46 et seq. The Falex extreme pressure tester is described in Lubrication Engineering, September 1946, V. A. Ryan.
- the lubricity additive of the present invention when confined within the prescribed range, improves both anti-seizure and anti-Wear characteristics of the mineral base oil. Further, its corrosive tendencies are considerably lower than the presently used commercial cutting oils. Amounts of my respective lubricity additive below about 0.5 weight percent do not produce suflicient advantageous effects to render the composite oil lubricant adequate for anti-seizure and anti-wear use. Similarly, if the additive is incorporated with the mineral oil in quantities greater than about 3 weight percent, the composite lubricant shows little further improvement in the level of these properties and, in several instances, a slight decrease in levels results.
- a lubricant composition having good anti-seizure, anti-wear and anti-corrosive properties suitable for use in various machine cutting operations said lubricant composition consisting essentially of about 0.5 to 3.0 weight percent of t-butyl perbenzoate and the balance being an oil of mineral origin.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
United States Patent 3,296,139 ORGANIC PEROXY ESTER ANTI-SEIZURE AGENT Arthur M. Shapiro, Philadelphia, Pa., assignor to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army No Drawing. Filed Mar. 4, 1965, Ser. No. 437,323
- 5 Claims. (Cl. 252-57) The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes without the payment to me of any royalty thereon.
This invention relates to improved lubricants containing as a major lubricating component oil of mineral origin. In particular, the invention relates to lubricating compositions of this type having improved anti-seizure and anti-wear characteristics.
A particular property required by many mineral base lubricants used today is an ability to prevent seizure and scoring of relatively moving metallic surfaces operating under extremely high pressures per unit area, in many cases considerably in excess of 10,000 psi. Pressures on this order have long been encountered in the machine industry and in metal machining operations which undergo extremely high pressure loads. Consequently, for 'effective lubrication, lubricants capable of withstanding pressures appreciably higher than those at which ordinary mineral base oil lubricant films will rupture have been required.
It is therefore a principal object of the invention to provide a compounded lubricating product of mineral base oil possessing good anti-seizure and anti-wear characteristics of a high order as those encountered in high speed cutting of metals and in other diverse machine operations where high pressures are present.
It is another object of the invention to provide a lubricant having improved anti-seizure and anti-wear properties, said lubricant comprising a major proportion of an oil of mineral origin having an organic peroxy ester blended therewith.
Other objects and features of the invention will become apparent as the invention is more fully hereinafter disclosed.
In accordance with these objects it has been discovered that minor additions of an organic peroxy ester to mineral based oils are characterized by good anti-seizure and antiwear properties. More specifically, I have found that t-butyl perbenzoate is capable of imparting these desirable properties to mineral base oils.
Mineral oil SAE only is presented in the table following. It is to be understood however that the invention is not to be considered as being limited to this specific viscosity as it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a wide variety of viscosities of mineral oils may be employed in formulating the lubricant contemplated herein.
The lubricity agent of my present invention is available commercially, 0.5 through 3.0 weight percentages of tbutyl perbenzoate, having an empirical formula of C H O a molecular weight of 194.2 and a structural formula of was intimately blended with varying SAE mineral oils and then subjected to anti-seizure and anti-wear evaluation tests. These tests were conducted on conventional laboratory equipment and will not be described, their operations being well known to those skilled in the art. For example, anti-wear data were obtained on the Shell "ice 4-ball wear tester while anti-seizure data were determined using the well known Falex extreme pressure tester. Description of the Shell 4-ball tester may be found in an article by G. D. Boerlage, Engineering, vol. 136 (1933), p. 46 et seq. The Falex extreme pressure tester is described in Lubrication Engineering, September 1946, V. A. Ryan.
The tabulated comparative data following illustrates the extreme pressure or anti-seizure and anti-wear effectiveness of the present invention when incorporated in a mineral base oil such as SAE 10.
Wt. Shell 4-Ba11 Falex Extreme Additive Percent Wear Scar Pressure J aw Additive Diameter Load at (mm) Failure (lbs) The wear tests were conducted on standard 52100 steel whereas the extreme pressure tests were conducted with blocks of C1144 steel and a pin of SAE 8640 steel. In addition to the property of being able to withstand high anti-seizure loads and wear there are other factors which must be considered in evaluating a lubricant. Among the most important is the tendency of the lubricant to corrode the containers in which it is stored and the metals with which it comes in contact during use. The above tabulated data show my t-butyl perbenzoate to impart excellent anti-seizure and anti-wear properties to steel machining operations. Commercial cutting oils normally contain phosphorous, chlorine and sulfur type additives, the latter two being the most corrosive.
It should be apparent therefor that the lubricant of my present invention, being devoid of these harmful elements will not tend to corrode the metals as greatly as commercial cutting oils.
All values presented in the table are averages of five different measurements. Maximum variance among the five values was confined to within a 10% range. Although 0.5 to 3.0 weight percentages of the lubricity additive of my invention is presented only, it should be understood that intermediate additions were found equally satisfactory, that is, between 0.5 and 3.0 weight percentages.
From the data hereinabove set forth, it will become evident that the lubricity additive of the present invention, when confined within the prescribed range, improves both anti-seizure and anti-Wear characteristics of the mineral base oil. Further, its corrosive tendencies are considerably lower than the presently used commercial cutting oils. Amounts of my respective lubricity additive below about 0.5 weight percent do not produce suflicient advantageous effects to render the composite oil lubricant adequate for anti-seizure and anti-wear use. Similarly, if the additive is incorporated with the mineral oil in quantities greater than about 3 weight percent, the composite lubricant shows little further improvement in the level of these properties and, in several instances, a slight decrease in levels results.
I claim:
1. A lubricant composition having good anti-seizure, anti-wear and anti-corrosive properties suitable for use in various machine cutting operations, said lubricant composition consisting essentially of about 0.5 to 3.0 weight percent of t-butyl perbenzoate and the balance being an oil of mineral origin.
4 2. A lubricant according to claim 1 wherein said t-butyl References Cited by the Examiner perbenzoate is present in an amount of about0.5 weight UNITED STATES A E percent. I
3. A lubricant according to claim 1 wherein said t-butyl 17665O1 6/1930 Buerk 44-47 perbenzoate is present in an amount of about 1.0 weight 5 OTHER F RENCES percent. Sato et a1.: Chemical Abstracts, page 7941,.vo1ume 4. A lubricant according to claim 1 wherein said t- 5. 3 (1959), Effect of Peroxides on the Rust Preventing butyl perbenzoate is present in an amount of about 2.0 Properties of Oils." weight percent. 7
5. A lubricant according to claim 1 wherein said t-butyl 1O DANIEL WYMAN Pnmary Examme" perbenzoate is present in an amount of 3.0 weight percent. W. H. CANNON, Assistant Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. A LUBRICANT COMPOSITION HAVING GOOD ANIT-SEIZURE, ANTI-WEAR AND ANTI-CORROSIVE PROPERTIES SUITABLE FOR USE IN VARIOUS MACHINE CUTTING OPERATIONS, SAID LUBRICANT COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF ABOUT 0.5 TO 3.0 WEIGHT PERCENT OF T-BUTYL PERBENZOATE AND THE BALANCE BEING AN OIL OF MINERAL ORIGIN.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US437323A US3296139A (en) | 1965-03-04 | 1965-03-04 | Organic peroxy ester anti-seizure agent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US437323A US3296139A (en) | 1965-03-04 | 1965-03-04 | Organic peroxy ester anti-seizure agent |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3296139A true US3296139A (en) | 1967-01-03 |
Family
ID=23735961
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US437323A Expired - Lifetime US3296139A (en) | 1965-03-04 | 1965-03-04 | Organic peroxy ester anti-seizure agent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3296139A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0331516A1 (en) * | 1988-03-01 | 1989-09-06 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Reducing wear of metal and ceramic surfaces |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1766501A (en) * | 1926-05-04 | 1930-06-24 | Charles A Buerk | Liquid combustible |
-
1965
- 1965-03-04 US US437323A patent/US3296139A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1766501A (en) * | 1926-05-04 | 1930-06-24 | Charles A Buerk | Liquid combustible |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0331516A1 (en) * | 1988-03-01 | 1989-09-06 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Reducing wear of metal and ceramic surfaces |
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