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US3272185A - Oil fired boilers - Google Patents

Oil fired boilers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3272185A
US3272185A US396014A US39601464A US3272185A US 3272185 A US3272185 A US 3272185A US 396014 A US396014 A US 396014A US 39601464 A US39601464 A US 39601464A US 3272185 A US3272185 A US 3272185A
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Prior art keywords
boiler
space
upwardly
water
forwardly
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US396014A
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Luchford Laurence Richard
Babbage Thomas Arthur
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Trianco Ltd
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Trianco Ltd
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/0042—Cleaning arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B7/00—Steam boilers of furnace-tube type, i.e. the combustion of fuel being performed inside one or more furnace tubes built-in in the boiler body
    • F22B7/12—Steam boilers of furnace-tube type, i.e. the combustion of fuel being performed inside one or more furnace tubes built-in in the boiler body with auxiliary fire tubes; Arrangement of header boxes providing for return diversion of flue gas flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B9/00—Steam boilers of fire-tube type, i.e. the flue gas from a combustion chamber outside the boiler body flowing through tubes built-in in the boiler body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
    • F24H1/287—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes with the fire tubes arranged in line with the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2230/00—Solid fuel fired boiler

Definitions

  • This invention relates to boilers for domestic and industrial purposes and more particularly to such boilers in which a plurality of fire tubes extend through a water space from a combustion chamber to a flue.
  • the fire tubes have been vertical and the burner for example an oil burner has protruded beyond the plan area of the boiler thereby causing a waste of floor area.
  • the connection of the flue to the boiler has also protruded from the back or side of the boiler, again causing a waste of floor space.
  • a boiler of the kind referred to in accordance with the invention has fire tubes which slope forwardly and upwardly from the top of the combustion chamber and overhang a space in which the burner may he accommodated.
  • the invention provides a boiler of the kind referred to in which the front wall of the water space is inclined forwardly to overhang the burner, the axes of the fire tubes being parallel to this front wall, and the connection of the flue to the boiler is at the top of the boiler above the space between the top of the rearmost tubes and the back wall of the boiler.
  • a boiler of the kind referred to has in accordance with the invention a heat exchange portion comprising fire tubes and a surrounding water space which is inclined to the vertical so that the burner and the flue connection can be accommodated at least partially within the horizontal plan area of the heat exchange portion.
  • FIG. 1 is a central vertical section.
  • FIG. 2 is a section on the line AA of FIG. 1.
  • the boiler has a Water jacketed lower portion B with refractory material 1 (which may be of tapering upwardly section, larger at the top to co-operate with expansion of gases) and forming a combustion space C in which is burnt oil injected by an oil burner (not shown) through a refractory lined aperture 2.
  • the oil burner is attached to this lower portion at the front and protrudes outwardly beyond the plan area of the combustion chamber.
  • the walls 3, 4 of this lower portion of the boiler are vertical and extend to the top of the combustion space C, the upper front Wall 5 of the boiler slopes forwardly and overhangs part of the space occupied by the burner.
  • Water inlets 17 are provided into the water jacket of the combustion chamber on both sides thereof, and water outlets 18 are provided at the top of the boiler.
  • the top 6 of the combustion chamber slopes upwardly and rearwardly at right angles to the top front wall 5 of the boiler and forms the bottom of a water space closed at the top by an upwardly and rearwardly sloping top plate 7.
  • a number of fire tubes 8 extend through this water space opening at their lower ends into the combustion space C and at their upper ends into a flue space F. These fire tubes are arranged in rows and have their axes parallel to the sloping front wall 5 of the water space.
  • the flue space is defined by the top plate 7 and the top 9 of the boiler which lies parallel to the top plate so that it slopes upwardly and rearwardly. Behind the back row of fire tubes, both the top plate 7 and the top 9 of the boiler are horizontal and a connection to the flue pipe is provided in this horizontal portion of the top of the boiler.
  • This connection comprises a cylindrical flange 10 surrounding an aperture in the top of the boiler and lies wholly within the plan area of the boiler.
  • an opening closed by an insulated cover 12, through which direct access to the flue tubes can be obtained for cleaning purposes.
  • the rear of the water space is defined by a 'back wall 13 which at the bottom slopes forwardly parallel to the front wall 5 and then slopes rearwardly to the top plate 7 of the water space.
  • This depression forwardly of the back wall directs the water into closer proximity to the fire tubes 8, reduces the volume of the water in the Water space and increases the strength of the plate to Withstand water pressure applied to the boiler.
  • the fire tubes 8 are preferably of square section as shown but may of course be rectangular, circular or oval as desired.
  • a retarder 14 which defines between it and the walls of the tube, passages of gradually decreasing section from the lower end of the retarder to the top of the fire tube.
  • the retarder may comprise a hollow metal member, closed at the bottom and with tapering walls, spaced from the walls of the fire tube by projecting ribs.
  • the closed bottom may be conical or pyramidal so as to deflect the combustion gases towards the surrounding tapered passages, thus not only to cause them to impinge on the inner face of the tubes, but also to eliminate the risk of turbulence at the lower end of the retarder, which could offer undesired resistance to the flow of gases upwardly.
  • the retarder may comprise a refractory plug of appropriate shape which may be hollow.
  • the retarder may be provided with a lifting eye 15 at the top which may also serve to locate the retarder in the tube.
  • a pressure relief and draft-stabiliser flap 16 may be fitted into the rear plate 13 immediately below the outlet to the flue and is of such construction that it can be inserted or withdrawn from within, thus enabling the boiler to be installed in close proximity to a wall at the rear for space-saving purposes, which is the most desirable location for such a device by giving inlet access direct to the flue.
  • a pressure relief 16' serving also as a sight glass may be provided into the combustion chamber above the fuel inlet opening.
  • a safety valve for the water system may be provided in the front wall of the boiler and will lie wholly within the plan area of the boiler.
  • the invention provides a boiler of relatively small dimensions, with regards height and width, as compared to its high efliciency and rated output.
  • a boiler comprising a -'bottom wall, upwardly disposed front, rear and side walls having their lower portions inwardly spaced plates defining a water jacket surrounding a combustion space, said front wall and cooperating plate having an aperture therethrough for mounting a burner to extend forwardly beyond the front wall, said front wall having an upper portion above said combustion space which is inclined upwardly and forwardly to project beyond the lower portion, said rear wall having an upper portion which inclines forwardly and upwardly for part of its height and inclines rearwardly and upwardly for the remainder of its height, a water space above said combustion space defined at the bottom by a lower header plate, at the top by an upper header plate, and by said inclined upper portion of the front wall and the upper portions of said rear and side walls, said water space communicating with the interior of said water jacket surrounding the combustion space, a flue space between said upper header plate and a top wall spaced thereabove, and a plurality of flue tubes inclined forwardly and upwardly across said water space to communicate said combustion space with said flue space.
  • a boiler according to claim 1 wherein said upper portion of the rear wall which inclines forwardly and upwardly for part of its height closely surrounds the inclined fire tubes to restrict and incline the water space, and that part of the upper portion of the rear wall which inclines rearwardly accommodates a flue connection to the rear of the flue space and within the horizontal plan area of the combustion space.
  • a boiler according to claim 1 in which the fire tubes have parallel sides and are fitted with centrally located gas retarders defining passages with said sides of upwardly tapering cross-section.
  • a boiler according to claim 1 in which a pressure relief valve accessible through a flue outlet is fitted in the rear wall of the boiler.
  • a boiler according to claim 3 wherein said plurality of fire tubes is small in number and each of said fire tubes has a relatively large cross section and each is fitted with a removable gas retarder, said top wall having an aperture disposed over the tops of said fire tubes and a removable closure therefor, whereby said fire tubes are accessible for rapid cleaning by lifting the retarders through the uncovered aperture in the top wall.
  • each retarder is provided with a lifting member at its top.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Description

Sept 13, 1966 1.. R. LUCHFORD ETAL 3,272,135
OIL FIRED BOILERS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 14, 1964 5 R O T N E v N I LAURENCE R. LUCHF'ORD THOMAS A. BABE/GE K M Aeeeai p 1966 L. R. LUCHFORD ETAL 3,272,185
OIL FIRED BOILERS Filed Sept. 14, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIGZ INVENTORS LAURENCE R. LUCHFORD THOMAS A. BABBAG-E United States Patent Claims priority, application Great Britain, Sept. 18, 1963,
36,754/63 8 Claims. Cl. 122-115 This invention relates to boilers for domestic and industrial purposes and more particularly to such boilers in which a plurality of fire tubes extend through a water space from a combustion chamber to a flue.
In such boilers, the fire tubes have been vertical and the burner for example an oil burner has protruded beyond the plan area of the boiler thereby causing a waste of floor area. The connection of the flue to the boiler has also protruded from the back or side of the boiler, again causing a waste of floor space.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a boiler of the kind referred to in which waste of floor space is avoided or greatly reduced.
From one aspect, a boiler of the kind referred to in accordance with the invention has fire tubes which slope forwardly and upwardly from the top of the combustion chamber and overhang a space in which the burner may he accommodated.
From another aspect, the invention provides a boiler of the kind referred to in which the front wall of the water space is inclined forwardly to overhang the burner, the axes of the fire tubes being parallel to this front wall, and the connection of the flue to the boiler is at the top of the boiler above the space between the top of the rearmost tubes and the back wall of the boiler.
From yet another aspect, a boiler of the kind referred to has in accordance with the invention a heat exchange portion comprising fire tubes and a surrounding water space which is inclined to the vertical so that the burner and the flue connection can be accommodated at least partially within the horizontal plan area of the heat exchange portion.
Other parts of the invention are embodied in the preferred form which will now be described in some detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a central vertical section.
FIG. 2 is a section on the line AA of FIG. 1.
In this form, the boiler has a Water jacketed lower portion B with refractory material 1 (which may be of tapering upwardly section, larger at the top to co-operate with expansion of gases) and forming a combustion space C in which is burnt oil injected by an oil burner (not shown) through a refractory lined aperture 2. The oil burner is attached to this lower portion at the front and protrudes outwardly beyond the plan area of the combustion chamber. The walls 3, 4 of this lower portion of the boiler are vertical and extend to the top of the combustion space C, the upper front Wall 5 of the boiler slopes forwardly and overhangs part of the space occupied by the burner.
Water inlets 17 are provided into the water jacket of the combustion chamber on both sides thereof, and water outlets 18 are provided at the top of the boiler.
The top 6 of the combustion chamber slopes upwardly and rearwardly at right angles to the top front wall 5 of the boiler and forms the bottom of a water space closed at the top by an upwardly and rearwardly sloping top plate 7. A number of fire tubes 8 extend through this water space opening at their lower ends into the combustion space C and at their upper ends into a flue space F. These fire tubes are arranged in rows and have their axes parallel to the sloping front wall 5 of the water space.
The flue space is defined by the top plate 7 and the top 9 of the boiler which lies parallel to the top plate so that it slopes upwardly and rearwardly. Behind the back row of fire tubes, both the top plate 7 and the top 9 of the boiler are horizontal and a connection to the flue pipe is provided in this horizontal portion of the top of the boiler. This connection comprises a cylindrical flange 10 surrounding an aperture in the top of the boiler and lies wholly within the plan area of the boiler.
In the sloping portion 9 of the top of the boiler is provided an opening, closed by an insulated cover 12, through which direct access to the flue tubes can be obtained for cleaning purposes.
The rear of the water space is defined by a 'back wall 13 which at the bottom slopes forwardly parallel to the front wall 5 and then slopes rearwardly to the top plate 7 of the water space. This depression forwardly of the back wall directs the water into closer proximity to the fire tubes 8, reduces the volume of the water in the Water space and increases the strength of the plate to Withstand water pressure applied to the boiler.
The fire tubes 8 are preferably of square section as shown but may of course be rectangular, circular or oval as desired. Within each first tube is mounted a retarder 14 which defines between it and the walls of the tube, passages of gradually decreasing section from the lower end of the retarder to the top of the fire tube.
The retarder may comprise a hollow metal member, closed at the bottom and with tapering walls, spaced from the walls of the fire tube by projecting ribs. The closed bottom may be conical or pyramidal so as to deflect the combustion gases towards the surrounding tapered passages, thus not only to cause them to impinge on the inner face of the tubes, but also to eliminate the risk of turbulence at the lower end of the retarder, which could offer undesired resistance to the flow of gases upwardly. Alternatively the retarder may comprise a refractory plug of appropriate shape which may be hollow. The retarder may be provided with a lifting eye 15 at the top which may also serve to locate the retarder in the tube.
A pressure relief and draft-stabiliser flap 16 may be fitted into the rear plate 13 immediately below the outlet to the flue and is of such construction that it can be inserted or withdrawn from within, thus enabling the boiler to be installed in close proximity to a wall at the rear for space-saving purposes, which is the most desirable location for such a device by giving inlet access direct to the flue.
A pressure relief 16', serving also as a sight glass may be provided into the combustion chamber above the fuel inlet opening. A safety valve for the water system may be provided in the front wall of the boiler and will lie wholly within the plan area of the boiler.
It will be apparent that the invention provides a boiler of relatively small dimensions, with regards height and width, as compared to its high efliciency and rated output.
By reducing the overall back-to-front dimension of the boiler plus the burner, not only is space gained by getting the flue outlet within the confines of the boiler body, but sloping forwardly the rectangular internal heattransfer passages, causes impingement of the gases and water on the forwardly sloping faces as well as improved flow of gas and water through the section. Upon reaching the top plates the gases and Water are deflected upwardly and rearwardly towards the flue outlet 10 and water outlets 18.
It will be understood that the invention is not restricted to the details of the preferred form described by way of example which may be modified without departure from the scope of the following claims.
We claim:
1. A boiler comprising a -'bottom wall, upwardly disposed front, rear and side walls having their lower portions inwardly spaced plates defining a water jacket surrounding a combustion space, said front wall and cooperating plate having an aperture therethrough for mounting a burner to extend forwardly beyond the front wall, said front wall having an upper portion above said combustion space which is inclined upwardly and forwardly to project beyond the lower portion, said rear wall having an upper portion which inclines forwardly and upwardly for part of its height and inclines rearwardly and upwardly for the remainder of its height, a water space above said combustion space defined at the bottom by a lower header plate, at the top by an upper header plate, and by said inclined upper portion of the front wall and the upper portions of said rear and side walls, said water space communicating with the interior of said water jacket surrounding the combustion space, a flue space between said upper header plate and a top wall spaced thereabove, and a plurality of flue tubes inclined forwardly and upwardly across said water space to communicate said combustion space with said flue space.
2. A boiler according to claim 1 wherein the aXes of said fire tubes are parallel to the inclined upper portion of said front Wall.
3. A boiler according to claim 1 wherein said top wall is provided at its rear with an aperture for connection of a flue and located between the tops of the rearmost fire tubes and the rear wall.
4. A boiler according to claim 1 wherein said upper portion of the rear wall which inclines forwardly and upwardly for part of its height closely surrounds the inclined fire tubes to restrict and incline the water space, and that part of the upper portion of the rear wall which inclines rearwardly accommodates a flue connection to the rear of the flue space and within the horizontal plan area of the combustion space.
5. A boiler according to claim 1 in which the fire tubes have parallel sides and are fitted with centrally located gas retarders defining passages with said sides of upwardly tapering cross-section.
6. A boiler according to claim 1 in which a pressure relief valve accessible through a flue outlet is fitted in the rear wall of the boiler.
7. A boiler according to claim 3 wherein said plurality of fire tubes is small in number and each of said fire tubes has a relatively large cross section and each is fitted with a removable gas retarder, said top wall having an aperture disposed over the tops of said fire tubes and a removable closure therefor, whereby said fire tubes are accessible for rapid cleaning by lifting the retarders through the uncovered aperture in the top wall.
8. A boiler according to claim 7 wherein each retarder is provided with a lifting member at its top.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,038,123 4/1936 Olson et al. 122-225 2,096,586 10/1937 Johnson 122l15 X 2,431,460 11/ 1947 Burkhart 122-155 2,466,188 4/1949 Turner l22109 2,708,915 5/ 1955 Mendelburg l22-109 KENNETH W. SPRAGUE, Primary Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A BOILER COMPRISING A BOTTOM WALL, UPWARDLY DISPOSED FRONT, REAR AND SIDE WALLS HAVING THEIR LOWER PORTIONS INWARDLY SPACED PLATES DEFINING A WATER JACKET SURROUNDING A COMBUSTION SPACE, SAID FRONT WALL AND COOPERATING PLATE HAVING AN APERTURE THERETHROUGH FOR MOUNTING A BURNER TO EXTEND FORWARDLY BEYOND THE FRONT WALL, SAID FRONT WALL HAVING AN UPPER PORTION ABOVE SAID COMBUSTION SPACE WHICH IS INCLINED UPWARDLY AND FORWARDLY TO PROJECT BEYOND THE LOWER PORTION, SAID REAR WALL HAVING AN UPPER PORTION WHICH INCLINES FORWARDLY AND UPWARDLY FOR PART OF ITS HEIGHT AND INCLINES REARWARDLY AND UPWARDLY FOR THE REMAINDER OF ITS HEIGHT, A WATER SPACE
US396014A 1963-09-18 1964-09-14 Oil fired boilers Expired - Lifetime US3272185A (en)

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GB36754/63A GB1105311A (en) 1963-09-18 1963-09-18 Boilers

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2236151A1 (en) * 1973-07-04 1975-01-31 Alessio Alexis Vertical tube water boiler - expansion chamber above tubes houses membrane controlling flue gases

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4488342A (en) * 1980-01-28 1984-12-18 Rheem Manufacturing Company Vessel construction employing multiple internal heat exchange tubes
US4415020A (en) 1980-01-28 1983-11-15 Rheem Manufacturing Company Vessel construction employing multiple internal heat exchange tubes
AT400628B (en) * 1992-09-15 1996-02-26 Schwarz A & Co BOILER

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2038123A (en) * 1934-04-19 1936-04-21 Crane Co Boiler
US2096586A (en) * 1935-07-08 1937-10-19 S T Johnson Co Combustion chamber for steam boilers
US2431460A (en) * 1945-12-27 1947-11-25 Loris E Burkhart Boiler and hot-water heater
US2466188A (en) * 1944-11-20 1949-04-05 Us Radiator Corp Boiler structure
US2708915A (en) * 1952-11-13 1955-05-24 Manville Boiler Co Inc Crossed duct vertical boiler construction

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2038123A (en) * 1934-04-19 1936-04-21 Crane Co Boiler
US2096586A (en) * 1935-07-08 1937-10-19 S T Johnson Co Combustion chamber for steam boilers
US2466188A (en) * 1944-11-20 1949-04-05 Us Radiator Corp Boiler structure
US2431460A (en) * 1945-12-27 1947-11-25 Loris E Burkhart Boiler and hot-water heater
US2708915A (en) * 1952-11-13 1955-05-24 Manville Boiler Co Inc Crossed duct vertical boiler construction

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2236151A1 (en) * 1973-07-04 1975-01-31 Alessio Alexis Vertical tube water boiler - expansion chamber above tubes houses membrane controlling flue gases

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Publication number Publication date
GB1105311A (en) 1968-03-06
DE1454507A1 (en) 1969-02-20

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