US325984A - emery - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-sheet 1.

(No Model.)

W.'D. SMITH.

METHOD 0E LAYING ELECTRIC WIRES.

A ateEte'd Sept. 8', 1885.

.Attorneys N. PETZRs. nulwLimrwhw. wam' mn. D. c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. D. SMITH.

v METHOD 0E' LAYING ELECTRIC WIRES. AN0.. l825,984. Si Patented Sept. 8, 1885.

A 0.........1.1/u.2 a

.Httorneys N. PETERS. Phowmmmpmr, wminpon D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

WALTON DUANE SIWIITH, OF PROPHETSTOVN, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF THRED-FOURTHS TO OYRUS EMERY, CHARLES E. EBIERY, AND OORA L. EMFRY, OF SAME PLACE.

METHOD OF LAYING ELECTRIC VJIRES.

SPECl-HGATION t'erntlng part of Letters Patent No. 325,984, dated September 8, l885.

Application filed September 13, 1384.

T all whom i may concern:

Beit known that I, VVALTON D. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Prophetstown, in the county of Whiteside and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Methods of Laying Telegraph, Telephone, and Electric XVires, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings. This invention relates to an improved method of laying telegraph, telephone, and electric wires; and it consists in the following steps, viz: first, cutting the wires to proper and convenient lengths,insulating or covering I5 the wires except at the ends, and then connecting them together in a bunch or series; second, incasing the said bunch or series in a shell and insulating them therein to complete the connection, third, placing this shell con- 2o taining the wires in a sect-ion of pipe, the uncovered ends of the wires protruding beyond the sections; fourth, coupling the uncovered ends of the wires together, ifth, coupling the sections of the pipes together and insulating the wires at each joint to form an unbroken connection, and, sixth, attaching the serviceboXes and elbow-joints at the various peints desired.

The invention also consists in an improved 3o sub-method of insulating the wires preparatory to their reception into the pipes, also, in an improved sub-method of coupling together each section of t-he entire system; and, finally, in an improved sub-method of forming each section of the whole system, all as hereinafter set fort-h, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a perspective view showing a portion of my 4o improved system ot' pipes in which the wires are incased, the parts being joined together. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the eX- pansion-joint for the metallic pipes. Fig. 4L is an enlarged View of the coupling-joint. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the elbow-joint. Fig. 6 is a detail view of the iusulated wires bent previous to insertion in the elbow. Fig. 7 is a detail view ofthe service- 5o box. Fig. Sis a detail view, enlarged, of one section of pipe and its coupling-piece which (No model.)

connects it with the adjoining section. Fig. 9 is a side view of a length of wire which 1s insulated or covered, exceptl at the ends. Fig. -Y

Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing the manner in which the wires are secured inthe shell. 6o Fig. 13 is an enlarged sectional view of the connection which holds each section together.

I Fig. l-l is an enlarged sectional view of the cylindrical disk which receives the ferrules for covering the protruding ends of the wires. Fig. l5 is a detail View of one of the ferrules. Fig. 16 is an enlarged sectional view of the cylindrical disk, showing the protruding ends of the wires fitting in the fer-rules.

Like letters are used to indicate correspond 7o ing parts in the several iigures.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the wires, which are cut and straightened to proper and convenient lengths-say twelve, fourteen. or sixteen feet--and covered with insulating 7 5 material, except about one-half inch at each end, which is left bare or uncovered. This insulating of the wires may be performed in any Suitable manner and with any well-known material; but I prefer the following method, 8o viz: The wires are first given a heavy coat of shellac, except the ends a (t thereof, and allowed to dry, when a ribbon of moist paper is wound spirally the whole length, with the eX- cept-ion of the aforesaid ends a. XVhen the paper is perfectly dry, one or two coats of shellac are applied to the outside ofthe same, thus `forming a perfect insulati 11g-case for the wire,

as seen more clearly in Figli).

B designates perforated disks made ofheav y 9o paper, wood, rubber, or other suitable material, and slipped along the wires at suitable intervals, said disks serving to keep the insulated wires at an equal distance apart. In Fig. 10 I have shown the disks perforated 95 with five holes to carry a corresponding number of wires; but it will be apparent that I may increase the number of wires and correspondingly increase the number of holes in the disks, as may be found desirable.

O designates a paper shell or case slotted longitudinally along its top, as at b, (see Fig.

11,) and arranged to receive the series of wires when connected together, as in Fig. 10. )Vhen the wires have been placed therein, some suitable liquid insulating material is poured into the shell or case through the narrow opening b, lling all the spaces between the wires, (see Fig. 12,) and when hardened forming a peri'ect connection with the shell or case. This melted insulating material may be asphaltum, sealing-wax, paraline-wax, or any other suitable material, and is poured therein from a ladle.

Vire bands D D are employed to encircle the shell or case at suitable intervals to hold the latter and the inelosed wires iirmly together. When this has been completed, the wires are in condition to be placed into the sectional inclosing-pipes, which I will now proceed to describe.

E E designate the several sections which when joined compose the conduit or system. Each of these complete sections, as shown in Fig. 8, is composed or" two lengths of metallic pipe, d d, externally threaded at the ends cf.

F designates an expansio1i-joint,(see Fig. 3,) which connects the inner ends, e, of the lengths of pipe d. This joint may be a slip-joint, and for that reason I do not wish to be restricted to any particular construction of the same. However, I prefer the construction shown, which consists ot' a short length of pipe internally threaded at each of its ends for a small space, as at g y, the portion of the pipe between the threaded ends being raised and formed with corrugations 7L h. As seen, the threaded ends g ot' the eXpansible pipe are arranged to engage with the externally-threaded inner ends, e, ot' the lengths of pipe d, and connect the latter together, the corrugations h serving to accommodate the expansion and contraction of the same. Vhcn the two lengths d are connected together they complete one section, E, ofthe conduit or system, so that the paper shell or case containing the insulated wires (seen in Fig. 12) may then be placedinto the section, the uncovered ends ofthe wires projecting outwardly at each end of the same. (See Fig. S.)

G designates the coupling-joint for connecting the ends of the sections E E together to complete the system. rIhis coupling-joint (seen clearly in Fig. 4) consists of three piecesviz., the end pieces, t i, and the middle connecting-piece, y'. The end pieces, t', are internally threaded at the outer end, k, for a short distance to engage with the externally-threaded outer ends, f, of the lengths of pipe d, the remainder of the piece t', from where the threads 7c terminate to the opposite end, being provided with a swell or shoulder, Z. rIhe latter is externally threaded nearly its whole length, and the middle connecting-piece, j, is internally threaded to engage with the external threads of each of the end pieces, 13. In putting up the sections E of the system I prefer to attach the end pieces, i, to each end ofthe same, as seen in Fig. S, so that when it comes to applying the sections together it will not be necessary to screw the piecest over the threaded ends f, since they will be in their proper position to receive the central coupling or connecting piece, j. By screwing the latter over the end pieces, t', the sections E E are drawn together to complete the system, the expansion-joint in the center of each section allowing for the necessary contraction and expansion.

To enable the system to turn corners, I enr ploy elbow-joints. (Shown in detail,Fig. 5.) These elbow-joints I-I are formed in half-sections m m, each provided with lugs a a for the passage ot' screws or rivets o o, which serve to secure the sections m together. The ends of each halt-section m are externally threaded at p p, to receive the end pieces, t' t, of the coupling-joint G, the connecting-piece j serving` as a means of attachment to the sections ot' the system. rIhe insulated wires which pass through the elbow-joints are rst bent and then placed in three perforated disks,B,as shown in Fig. 6, and then inserted in one halfsection of the elbow. The reason these el bow-joints are made in halfseetions is so that the short lengths of bent insulated wires and the disks may be placed in one halt' of the shell of the elbow and then the other hall" riveted to it, which could not be done were the ljoint made in a single piece. The elbowjoints II are enlarged at the bend, for the purpose of holding insulating material, which is poured in through the hole q after the sections m are riveted together, the hole q beA ing for the same purpose in all the iigures. rIhe two halt'sections are united by the screws or rivets, and the insulating material is then poured in at the hole q, so as to iill the enlargement at the bend and protect the wires and disks B from displacement. I now have aseries of sections, E, with the insulated wires tted therein and arranged to be coupled together, and elbowjoints with the wires also placed in position and in condition for coupling to form the complete system.

In order to make the connection between the wires continuous the whole length of the system, I propose to insulate and connect the uncovered projecting ends of the said wires. To this end I employ a coupling cylindrical receptacle or disk, I, (shown in enlarged seetion, Fig. 14,) having a series of perforations or holes, r, formed therein for the reception ot cylindrical ferrules J. The latter are embedded in the holes r ofthe disk, and in practice would be about one inch in length. The disks are made of paper, rubber, wood, or other suitable material, and to be about two inches long, the holes r therein registering exactly with the protruding wires on the ends of each section of the conduit or system. In applying the disks or receptacles I the protruding uncovered ends of the wires ot' the two meeting sections E E are thrust through the IOO IIC

holes r of the receptacles I so as to meet together in the ferrules J, as shown clearly in Fig. 2. The connecting or coupling piece] is then applied to draw each section together and complete the system. Holes or perforations are formed in each connecting or coupling piece j, similar to the holes q in the elbowjoints, so that melted insulating material may be poured through said holes to fill the space K between the adjoining edges of the sections E. Vhen the uncovered ends of the wires come together end to end in the ferrules J, they occupy the Whole length of the ferrules, a short portion of the insulated or covered Wire occupying the space between the end of the ferrule and the end of the disk. Thus, when the coupling-joint G or the space K Within the same is filled with insulating material, the connection of the wires will be unbroken and complete from one end of the systeni to the other. It will be seen that the metallic shell may expand or contract without in any Way interfering with the insulating niaterial, While the individual Wires can expand and contract without interfering with the insulation.

L designates service-boxes connected at intervals along thesystem, and provided at each end with holes s s, from which threaded pipes tt project, the connectiiig-pieces j screwing ont-o the threaded pipes and connecting with the end pieces, fi, of the adjacent section E. A diaphragm, M, is arranged centrally across the service-box,so as to support the short sections O O of insulated wire, which are united to the meeting sections E E by the disks I and ferrules J, before described. The short sections O are spread ont laterally in the service-box, so as to be handy to scrape awaythe insulating material on said short sections when making connection with other wires leading to telegraph-instruments, telephones, &e. rlhe connection with such wires is shown by the letters u a, Fig. I.

It will readily be seen that another line of this same system may be connected at the serv` ice boxes and run into or through buildings.

The operation and advantages of my invention will be readily understood from the foregoing description, taken in connection with the annexed drawings.

In preparing and layingdown my improved system I first insulate the wires and arrange them in a series, and connected by the perforated disks B. The wires are then placed in the paper shell or case, Fig. ll, and held firmly therein, the insulating material being poured into the shell or case to complete the connection. When thus iiicased, the wires are placed in each of the sections E E of the systeni. The protruding uncovered ends of the wires are coupled by the disks I and ferrules J, and the sections E are then coupled by the joints Gr. In turning corners the elbow-joints H are employed, the protruding wires of the same being coupled to the wires of the sections in the manner described, and the elbowjoint itself coupled to the sections E by the joint G. IIhe service-boxes are connected, and the system is then complete.

As before stated, cross systems may be connected to the service-boxes to run into or through buildings, &c. My improved system or conduit is applicable for telegraph, telephone, and electric wires, and several of' the systems of metallic pipes may be carried through alarge conduit ofbrick or stone work.

Each of the sections E and the elbow-joints II have the wires insulated or fitted therein, and the end pieces, i', attached to the ends, so that it will. be a very easy matter to couple the wires and sections together in forming the system.

The system above described is simple in construction and convenient to apply. It is not expensive to manufacture, and will prove of great utility and benefit for the purposes intended.

Having described my invention, I clarinl.. The herein-described method of laying telegraph, telephone, and other wires to form the entire system, consisting in the following steps, viz: iirst, insulating or covering the wires, except the ends thereof, and then c onnectingthe wires together in abunch or series; second, incasing the bunch or series .in a shell or case and insulating them therein to complete the connection; third, placing this shell containing the wiresin asectioii of pipe, the uncovered ends of the wires protruding beyond the sections, fourth, coupling the uncovered ends of the wires together; fifth, coupling the sections of the pipe together and insulating the wires at each joint to form aii unbroken connection, and,sixth, attaching the feivice -boxes and elbow-joints at the various points desired, as set forth.

2. rlhe herein-described sub-method of insulating the wires, preparatory to their reception iiito the pipes, of each section of the entire system, consisting in the following steps, viz: first, insulating or covering the wires, and then connecting them together in a bunch or series, second, ineasing the bunch into a shell; third, pouring insulating material through the shell around the wires,and,finall y, binding the shell and wires together, as set forth.

3. Theherein-described sub-method of coupling together each section of the entire system, consisting in, first, passing the uncovered ends of the wires projecting from the pipes into perforated disks in which they meet; second, coupling the sections of pipe together, and, finally, pouring insulating material through the coupling-joints around the wires and disks to forni an unbroken connection, as set forth.

It. The herein-described submethod of forming each section of the entire system, consisting in the following steps: rst, eutting the wires to proper lengths, insulating theln, und connecting them together inzthuneh In testimony that I clni 1n the foregoing :1s or series; second. inousing the bunch or series my own I have hereto a'tixed my signature 1o in n Cylindrical shell and insulating,` it therein in presence of two witnesses. to complete the connection, third, hinding XVALTON DUANE SMITH.

5 the shell und hunch together, and, fourth, I

pia-Ging this shell with its Wires in a section i Witnesses: of pipe, the uncovered ends of the Wires pro JAMES SCARRI'LT, Jr., jeeling beyond the pipe, as set forth. H. F. BROWN.

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