US324178A - Road grader and leveler - Google Patents

Description

(N0 Model.)

J. SKIN'NER.

ROAD GRADER AND LEVELER.

No. 324,178. Patented Aug. 11, 1885.

N. PETERS. Photo-Lilhagmpher. wumn um m.

JOHN SKINNER, OF

ROAD GRADER PATENT ()FFICE.

NEYVMAN, ILLINOIS.

AND LEVELER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 324,178, dated August 11, 1885.

Application filed February 3. 1885. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, J OHN SKINNER, of N ewman, in the county of Douglas and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Road Graders and Levelers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of machineswhich loosens the soil or earth and scrapes the same into the form of a grade; also filling the ruts and depressions in the grades of common wagon-roads and leveling the same.

The object of my invention is to produce a grader and leveler that will cut and carry the soil or earth to any distance desired instead of leaving it at or, near the point from which the same has been loosened, as do other graders, and to make a simple, durable, cheap, and easily-operated machine to facilitate the construction and leveling of wagon-roads.

In the accompanying drawing, in which similar letters of reference indicate like parts, the figure is a perspective view of the entire machine.

A A are parallel beams, through which pass a number of harrow-teeth.

B is a scraper-board, also parallel with and in' the rear of the harrow-beams A A.

G is a steel plate forming the scraper, and firmly bolted to the board B.

D D D are cross-beams bolted to the parallel harrow-beams A A and the scraper board B.

F F F are upright shanks or standards to brace and strengthen the board B.

E E are levers, on the forward end of each of which levers is an iron strap forming a shoe. The levers E E are attached to the rear end of the two outer or external crossbeams, D D, by pivots G G. V

I isalso a shoe, attached to the forward end of the center cross-beam, D, by a bolt orpivot at K.

M M are hooks to engage the chains, attaehed to the levers E E by means of looprings on said chains. The larger chains, at tached to the ends of the forward harrowbeam, are simply draft-chains, to which the horses or other motive power are attached.

The machine is operated in the following manner: Attach the motive power (prefeia bly two, three, or four horses to each end of the machine, according to the size of the machine) to the draf-chains fastened to each end of the front harrow-beam. Throw the point of the shoe I upward and backward upon the center cross-beam, D. Hook up the chains attached to the levers EE on the hooks M M, and the machine is ready to operate. The harrow-teeth loosen the soil or earth and hold the scraper-board B in position, and steady and regulate its depth for the most effective work.

- The machine may be moved at any angle desired. For grading the machine should be drawnat a more acute angle with the road than. when simply used for levelingthat is, one end of the machine should be drawn a little in advance of the other end. For scraping the soil or earth from a higher to a lower place in a road both ends of the machine should be moved forward squarely and .evenlythat is, with neither end in advance so that the scraper may gather a full load. On arriving'at the low place in the road the load of soil or earth may be dumped or unloaded by the drivers or attendants lifting on the levers E E.

It is sometimes desirable to move the machine from one point to another without operating it, and it is also sometimes necessary to elevate the machine sufficiently to permit it to pass freely over culverts, crossings, and other obstacles. To do this I raise the ma first, by throwing the shoe I forward so that its point may touch the ground, and second, by disengaging the chains attached to the levers E E so as to permit the shoe on the forward end of each to touch the earth. This may be done while the machine is in motion, when the'machine will be supported by and slide forward on the three shoes in contact with the ground.

. I claim as my invention- 1. In a scraper, the combination, with the main frame, of a shoe, I, pivoted at one end thereto, and having its other end adjustable up and over onto said frame or down in position to engage the ground, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of the main frame, the harrow and the scraper supported thereby, a

chine off of the harrow-teeth and scraper,'

shoe, I, pivoted at; one end to the framing 11], and a chain connected with said lever and and adj nstable up thereon or down in position adjnsiahle into engagement with the hook M, IO to engage the ground, and the levers pivoted all arranged and operating substanbiallyas set to said frame and capable of adjustment into forth. 5 position to engage the ground, substantially JOHN SKINNER.

as set forth. Witnesses:

3. The combination, in a scraper, of the G. V. \VALLS, main frame provided with a hook, M, alever, A. B. SMITH,

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