US3131030A - Reagent carrier for gas detecting tubes - Google Patents
Reagent carrier for gas detecting tubes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3131030A US3131030A US83723A US8372361A US3131030A US 3131030 A US3131030 A US 3131030A US 83723 A US83723 A US 83723A US 8372361 A US8372361 A US 8372361A US 3131030 A US3131030 A US 3131030A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- grains
- reagent
- detecting
- reagent carrier
- carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylenes Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZXJXZNDDNMQXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M crystal violet Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1[C+](C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 ZXJXZNDDNMQXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KQSBZNJFKWOQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hystazarin Natural products O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C(O)C(O)=C2 KQSBZNJFKWOQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/22—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/15—Inorganic acid or base [e.g., hcl, sulfuric acid, etc. ]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/17—Nitrogen containing
- Y10T436/173845—Amine and quaternary ammonium
Definitions
- Detecting tubes are devices utilized for detecting the presence of gases, suspended materials, or the like in air or other gases.
- the air or gas to be sampled is drawn through one of these tubes by means of a suction device.
- the detecting tube is filled with a carrier generally of granular structure upon which a reagent is precipitated in order to detect certain components of the air or gas being sampled.
- Inorganic carrier substances are used as the reagent characters and, in particular, silica gels are used.
- These conventional inorganic reagent carriers have the disadvantage of being porous and thus absorbing the reagent.
- the inorganic carriers are not chemically inert with respect to the reagent and/or the components being detected in the sample air or gas.
- the object of this invention is to produce a reagent carrier which avoids the disadvantages of the conventional reagent carriers for detecting tubes.
- this and other objects of the invention are obtained by using as a reagent carrier plastics which are brittle at normal temperatures ranging approximately from 20 to +20 C.
- These reagent carriers have the advantage in that they are not penetrated either by the reagent or by the component being detected, and the plastics do not react with the components of the reagent.
- chemically defined materials are utilized as the plastic reagent carriers. Whenever possible, the plastics must not contain any softener in order to eliminate the possibility of dissolving the reagent or the component of the air or gas being detected.
- Brittle or frangible plastics are defined in this inven tion as non-porous plastics which break up or crack under impact at normal temperatures, as from 20 to +20 C.
- the grain size of the plastics used as the reagent carrier ranges betwen 0.2 and 2.0 mm. and preferably between 1.0 and 1.2
- the grains of the plastic reagent carriers of this invention have a predetermined liquid holding capacity on the surface of each grain, said capacity being measured by the roughness of the surface of the grain or of the superficifl structure of the grain for any given grain size.
- the liquid surface holding capacity for the grains of plastic reagent carrier of this invention is approximately 2 milliliters of isopropyl alcohol and preferably milliliters per 100 grams of the plastic grains, with the grain size of the individual grains being approximately from 1.0 to 1.2
- the grains for the carrier can be composed of plastic polystyrene.
- a polystyrene of clear glass granulation is used.
- plastics can be used of the coumarone type resin.
- the plastic grains of this invention for use as the reagent carrier for a detecting tube are preferably produced as follows.
- the raw material consists of commercial coarse grains having a size of from approximately 3 to 5 mm. These coarse grains are broken up in a grinding mill or comminutor and then screened to obtain the desired fractional siZe grains.
- the coarse grains preferably are cooled to the lowest practical temperature immediately before being ground. This cooling has the advantage of providing rough surfaces on the fine grains obamen Patented Apr. 28, 1964 "ice.
- the plastic grains 1 are poured into a glass detecting tube 2 and are held in the tube by packing 3.
- the ends 4- of the tube are then sealed.
- the ends 4 are broken and the air or other gas drawn through the tube to detect the presence of any particular component in the air or gas.
- EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of a Detecting Tube Reagent Carrier for Filling a Detecting Tube for the Purpose of Detecting Hydrogen Fluoride
- 5 milligrams of a conventionally prepared alizarinezirconium dye lacquer was precipitated from an alcohol solution onto 100 grams of granular polystyrene having grains of a size from between 1.0 and 1.2 mm. and a liquid surface holding capacity of 5 milliliters of isopropyl alcohol, as determined on the basis of the 100 grams of the reagent carrier.
- the 100 grams of grains were then impregnated with an excess of 5 mg. alizarine. The alcohol was then evaporated. Following this, 2 ml.
- This prepared material was easily flowable and poured into the detecting tube 2 in the usual manner and held in place by the packing 3.
- This packing or retaining element was made of a material inert to hydrofluoric acid and composed, for example, of Teflon (fluorinated polyethylenes) or polyethylene.
- This detecting tube is used for the determination of HF in air. When an air test sample in the amount of 2 liters is taken, the range of measurement is bet-ween 2 micrograms and 30 micrograms HF per liter of air.
- EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of a Detecting Tube Filler for the Detection of Acid Vapors
- a polystyrene reagent carrier of the type described in Example 1 was used. 100 grams of the grains of polystyrene having a grain size of from 1.0 to 1.2 mm. were impregnated with a solution composed of 1.5 ml. butanol, 1.5 ml. of universal indicator, and 0.2 ml. n/ 10 NaOH. The solvent was then evaporated. Test tube 2 was then filled with this filler. The range of measurement of the detecting tube was approximately 1 microgram to 20 micrograms of acid vapor per liter of air using an air test sample of 1 liter. This measurement range was determined on the basis of detecting S0 as the acid vapor.
- EXAMPLE 3 Preparation of a Detecting Tube Filler for the Detection of Hydrazine in Air
- the reagent carrier was composed of polystyrene grains as set forth in Example 1. 100 grams of the grains were impregnated with 0.5 ml. of a 0.25% solution of methyl violet in ethylene glycol. Test tube 2 was filled with this prepared filler and had a measurement range of from 1 to 20 micrograms of hydrazine per liter of air when using an air test sample of 1 liter.
- An indicator for a detecting tube comprising a gas detecting reagent coating on a carrier composed of non-porous grains of a plastic which is brittle at normal temperatures ranging from about minus 20- to plus 20 degrees centigrade.
- An indicator as in claim 1 said grains having a size ranging from about 0.2 to 2.0 mm.
- An indicator as in claim 2 said grains having a size ranging from about 1.0 and 1.2 mm. and having a liquid holding surface capacity of from about 2 milliliters to 5 milliliters of isopropyl alcohol per 100 grams of said grains.
- An indicator as in claim 3 said grains comprising a plastic selected from the class consisting of colorless synthetic and natural resins.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
Description
INVENTOR Karl Grosskopf aw, A'EIDTORNEYLIS Ap 1964 K; F. GROSSKOPF REAGENT CARRI ER FOR GAS DETECTING TUBES Filed Jan. 19, 1961 0 0 4a 0 A0 :40 00 04 000 cannon r afln o a a n aan nak a o a n@oo n o w J United States Patent 3,131,030 REAGENT CARRIER FOR GAS DETECTlNG TUBES Karl E. Grosskopt, llubeck, Germany, assignor to Otto Heinrich Drager, Lubeck, Germany Filed Jan 19, 1961, Ser. No. 83,723 Claims priority, application Germany Jan. 29, 1960 4 Claims. (Cl. 23-254) This invention relates to a reagent carrier for detecting tubes.
Detecting tubes are devices utilized for detecting the presence of gases, suspended materials, or the like in air or other gases. The air or gas to be sampled is drawn through one of these tubes by means of a suction device. The detecting tube is filled with a carrier generally of granular structure upon which a reagent is precipitated in order to detect certain components of the air or gas being sampled. Inorganic carrier substances are used as the reagent characters and, in particular, silica gels are used. These conventional inorganic reagent carriers have the disadvantage of being porous and thus absorbing the reagent. Furthermore, in many cases, the inorganic carriers are not chemically inert with respect to the reagent and/or the components being detected in the sample air or gas.
The object of this invention is to produce a reagent carrier which avoids the disadvantages of the conventional reagent carriers for detecting tubes.
In general, this and other objects of the invention are obtained by using as a reagent carrier plastics which are brittle at normal temperatures ranging approximately from 20 to +20 C. These reagent carriers have the advantage in that they are not penetrated either by the reagent or by the component being detected, and the plastics do not react with the components of the reagent. Above all, chemically defined materials are utilized as the plastic reagent carriers. Whenever possible, the plastics must not contain any softener in order to eliminate the possibility of dissolving the reagent or the component of the air or gas being detected.
Brittle or frangible plastics are defined in this inven tion as non-porous plastics which break up or crack under impact at normal temperatures, as from 20 to +20 C.
The grain size of the plastics used as the reagent carrier ranges betwen 0.2 and 2.0 mm. and preferably between 1.0 and 1.2
The grains of the plastic reagent carriers of this invention have a predetermined liquid holding capacity on the surface of each grain, said capacity being measured by the roughness of the surface of the grain or of the superficifl structure of the grain for any given grain size.
Preferably the liquid surface holding capacity for the grains of plastic reagent carrier of this invention is approximately 2 milliliters of isopropyl alcohol and preferably milliliters per 100 grams of the plastic grains, with the grain size of the individual grains being approximately from 1.0 to 1.2
The grains for the carrier can be composed of plastic polystyrene. Preferably a polystyrene of clear glass granulation is used.
Also, plastics can be used of the coumarone type resin.
The plastic grains of this invention for use as the reagent carrier for a detecting tube are preferably produced as follows. The raw material consists of commercial coarse grains having a size of from approximately 3 to 5 mm. These coarse grains are broken up in a grinding mill or comminutor and then screened to obtain the desired fractional siZe grains. The coarse grains preferably are cooled to the lowest practical temperature immediately before being ground. This cooling has the advantage of providing rough surfaces on the fine grains obamen Patented Apr. 28, 1964 "ice.
' tained from the coarse grains. Plastic polystyrene cooled to -10 C. and then broken to a grain size of, for example, from 0.2 to 2.0 mm. produces fine grains having a liquid surface holding capacity of about 5 milliliters of isopropyl alcohol per grams of grains.
The means by which the objects of the invention are obtained are described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a cross-sectional View through a detecting tube containing a filler of the plastic reagent carrier.
In the drawing, the plastic grains 1 are poured into a glass detecting tube 2 and are held in the tube by packing 3. The ends 4- of the tube are then sealed. When the tube is being used, the ends 4 are broken and the air or other gas drawn through the tube to detect the presence of any particular component in the air or gas.
The operation of the invention is as described in the following examples:
EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of a Detecting Tube Reagent Carrier for Filling a Detecting Tube for the Purpose of Detecting Hydrogen Fluoride 5 milligrams of a conventionally prepared alizarinezirconium dye lacquer was precipitated from an alcohol solution onto 100 grams of granular polystyrene having grains of a size from between 1.0 and 1.2 mm. and a liquid surface holding capacity of 5 milliliters of isopropyl alcohol, as determined on the basis of the 100 grams of the reagent carrier. In order to increase the sensitivity of detection, the 100 grams of grains were then impregnated with an excess of 5 mg. alizarine. The alcohol was then evaporated. Following this, 2 ml. ethylene glycol plus 0.5 ml. glacial acetic acid was added to the grains. This prepared material was easily flowable and poured into the detecting tube 2 in the usual manner and held in place by the packing 3. This packing or retaining element was made of a material inert to hydrofluoric acid and composed, for example, of Teflon (fluorinated polyethylenes) or polyethylene. This detecting tube is used for the determination of HF in air. When an air test sample in the amount of 2 liters is taken, the range of measurement is bet-ween 2 micrograms and 30 micrograms HF per liter of air.
EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of a Detecting Tube Filler for the Detection of Acid Vapors A polystyrene reagent carrier of the type described in Example 1 was used. 100 grams of the grains of polystyrene having a grain size of from 1.0 to 1.2 mm. were impregnated with a solution composed of 1.5 ml. butanol, 1.5 ml. of universal indicator, and 0.2 ml. n/ 10 NaOH. The solvent was then evaporated. Test tube 2 was then filled with this filler. The range of measurement of the detecting tube was approximately 1 microgram to 20 micrograms of acid vapor per liter of air using an air test sample of 1 liter. This measurement range was determined on the basis of detecting S0 as the acid vapor.
EXAMPLE 3 Preparation of a Detecting Tube Filler for the Detection of Hydrazine in Air The reagent carrier was composed of polystyrene grains as set forth in Example 1. 100 grams of the grains were impregnated with 0.5 ml. of a 0.25% solution of methyl violet in ethylene glycol. Test tube 2 was filled with this prepared filler and had a measurement range of from 1 to 20 micrograms of hydrazine per liter of air when using an air test sample of 1 liter.
Having now described the means by which the objects of the invention are obtained,
I claim:
1. An indicator for a detecting tube comprising a gas detecting reagent coating on a carrier composed of non-porous grains of a plastic which is brittle at normal temperatures ranging from about minus 20- to plus 20 degrees centigrade.
2. An indicator as in claim 1, said grains having a size ranging from about 0.2 to 2.0 mm.
3. An indicator as in claim 2, said grains having a size ranging from about 1.0 and 1.2 mm. and having a liquid holding surface capacity of from about 2 milliliters to 5 milliliters of isopropyl alcohol per 100 grams of said grains.
4. An indicator as in claim 3, said grains comprising a plastic selected from the class consisting of colorless synthetic and natural resins.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Murray June 16, Srnidth Feb. 8, Shepherd Nov. 8, Wittlin Aug. 7, Jarvis Mar. 24,
FOREIGN PATENTS Australia Aug. 26, Great Britain Dec. 17,
OTHER REFERENCES Kenner Products Co., Color Go Round, 912 Syca- 15 more, Cincinnati 2, Ohio, August 1959.
Claims (1)
1. AN INDICATOR FOR A DETECTING TUBE COMPRISING A GAS DETECTING REAGENT COATING ON A CARRIER COMPOSED OF NON-POROUS GRAINS OF A PLASTIC WHICH IS BRITTLE AT NORMAL TEMPERATURES RANGING FROM ABOUT MINUS 20 TO PLUS 20 DEGREES CENTIGRADE.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3131030X | 1960-01-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3131030A true US3131030A (en) | 1964-04-28 |
Family
ID=8087348
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US83723A Expired - Lifetime US3131030A (en) | 1960-01-29 | 1961-01-19 | Reagent carrier for gas detecting tubes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3131030A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3455655A (en) * | 1965-06-01 | 1969-07-15 | Mine Safety Appliances Co | Detection of missile fuels in gas atmosphere |
| US3455656A (en) * | 1965-07-06 | 1969-07-15 | Mine Safety Appliances Co | Detection of volatile hydrazine compounds |
| US3787184A (en) * | 1970-03-23 | 1974-01-22 | Us Army | A method and composition for detecting amine compounds |
| US4259287A (en) * | 1978-12-22 | 1981-03-31 | Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft | Testing tube construction for measuring sodium hydroxide and/or calcium oxide |
| US10278617B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-05-07 | Invoy Holdings, Llc | Method and apparatus for sensing ammonia in breath |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2286636A (en) * | 1941-10-01 | 1942-06-16 | Chaude R Wickard | Insecticide |
| US2461089A (en) * | 1944-06-22 | 1949-02-08 | Smidth Leonard | Process of forming granulated synthetic resin compositions |
| US2487077A (en) * | 1943-12-28 | 1949-11-08 | Us Commerce | Colorimetric gas detection |
| US2757632A (en) * | 1953-10-09 | 1956-08-07 | Wittlin Albert | Fluid flow tube |
| GB805853A (en) * | 1955-03-07 | 1958-12-17 | Wolfen Filmfab Veb | A process for removing acidic or basic vapours from gases |
| US2879005A (en) * | 1954-12-29 | 1959-03-24 | Melvin Sobel | Method of refining scrap plastic and apparatus therefor |
-
1961
- 1961-01-19 US US83723A patent/US3131030A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2286636A (en) * | 1941-10-01 | 1942-06-16 | Chaude R Wickard | Insecticide |
| US2487077A (en) * | 1943-12-28 | 1949-11-08 | Us Commerce | Colorimetric gas detection |
| US2461089A (en) * | 1944-06-22 | 1949-02-08 | Smidth Leonard | Process of forming granulated synthetic resin compositions |
| US2757632A (en) * | 1953-10-09 | 1956-08-07 | Wittlin Albert | Fluid flow tube |
| US2879005A (en) * | 1954-12-29 | 1959-03-24 | Melvin Sobel | Method of refining scrap plastic and apparatus therefor |
| GB805853A (en) * | 1955-03-07 | 1958-12-17 | Wolfen Filmfab Veb | A process for removing acidic or basic vapours from gases |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3455655A (en) * | 1965-06-01 | 1969-07-15 | Mine Safety Appliances Co | Detection of missile fuels in gas atmosphere |
| US3455656A (en) * | 1965-07-06 | 1969-07-15 | Mine Safety Appliances Co | Detection of volatile hydrazine compounds |
| US3787184A (en) * | 1970-03-23 | 1974-01-22 | Us Army | A method and composition for detecting amine compounds |
| US4259287A (en) * | 1978-12-22 | 1981-03-31 | Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft | Testing tube construction for measuring sodium hydroxide and/or calcium oxide |
| US10278617B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-05-07 | Invoy Holdings, Llc | Method and apparatus for sensing ammonia in breath |
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