US3168991A - Vertical shaft rock crusher with abbreviated table - Google Patents

Description

D. E. HERMAN VERTICAL SHAFT ROCK CRUSHER WITH ABBREVIATED TABLE Filed Nov. 20

Feb. 9, 1965 INVENTOR. 082772645! @Jlm POWER MEANS spending Wear plate.

United States Patent Ofilice 3,1583% Patented Feb. 9, 1965 3,16$,991 VERTHIAL SHAFT ROCK CRUSHER WITH ABBREVIATED TABLE Donald E. Herman, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, assiguor to Pettibone Muiliken Corporation, a corporation of Delaware Filed Nov. 26, 1963, er. No. 325,101 9 Claims. (Cl. 241-275) The present invention relates to an improved table structure for a vertical shaft rock crushing machine, and the following disclosure is offered for public dissemination upon the grant of a patent therefor.

The present invention is an improvement of the ap paratus of patent application Serial No. 202,733, filed June 15, 1962, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Rock crushers of this general type have a table which rotates about a vertical axis, and is surrounded by an anvil. The rock to be crushed is deposited upon the central portion of the table. The table has a plurality of shoes facing in a forward direction with respect to the direction of rotation. The prior apparatus of this type achieved a crushing action both by an impact between the rock and the rotating shoes, and by throwing the rock from the table against the surrounding stationary anvil at which point it was impacted again.

The above-identified application represents a novel concept in that the breaking up of the rock is achieved primarily by impacting against the stationary anvil. The table structure, and particularly the positional relationship of the shoes thereon, was such as to lessen the impact of the rock and, thus reduce the wear of the table structure. Thus, the function of the shoes is primarily merely that of a propelling means. While the apparatus disclosed and claimed in that application has made a substantial stride forward in the art, further improvements therein have been achieved by the use of the present invention.

In the present invention the frictional drag of the rock moving from the central portion of the table across the table at the faces of the shoes has been further reduced. This achieves a smoother and more rapid flow of the rock from the central portion of the table to the discharge point at the end of the shoes without any reduction in the velocity at which the rock is discharged for impact against the anvil. A second advantage is in the reduction in wear of portions of the table. Wear is a constantproblem in crushers of this type, and with very abrasive materials it can be a most serious problem. For example, with extremely abrasive materials portions of the table structure are, without this invention, worn to a point at which replacement is required after only a few hours of operation.

Because of the wear problem, it is customary to cover a horizontal supporting plate of the table with a corre- These two plates are releasably connected together, usually by bolts, so that the wear plate can be replaced after it has deteriorated to a point at which it is no longer serviceable. In many instances the rock rebounding from the anvil impacts against the outer edges of the wear plate and the supporting plate therebelow. These impacts are particularly forceful because of the relatively high lineal velocity of the peripheral In some instances the rock actually portions of the table. works its way between the two plates at the outer edges forcing the plates apart and bending them. The structure of the present invention prevents this from happening.

The objects of thepresent invention are achieved by using a table structure in which the rock supporting surface covers only the central area of the table and terminates adjacent the inner ends of the shoes. The table surface extends outwardly past the inner ends of the shoes sufiiciently to allow the rock to move in a smooth flow pattern to the inner ends of the working faces of the shoes, but from that point no lower support for the rock is provided. It might appear that with such a structure the rock merely would fall downwardly from the shoes to the bottom of the crusher and, thus, not be impacted against the anvil to achieve the desired crushing. However, this is not the case. So long as the table is rotating at a speed in excess of about 200 r.p.m., the contact of the rock with the forward shoe face, and the speed of movement of the rock outwardly across the shoe face, are such that the rock travels across the shoe face in substantially the same fashion as it would were there a table surface therebelow and is discharged at the outer end of the shoe for impacting against the anvil. This minimum speed of rotation is well below the speed of rotation dictated by other factors present, particularly the factor of achieving sufiicient rock velocity at discharge to obtain the impacting required to fracture the rock. Generally speaking, the speed of the table will be more nearly represented by velocities in the 6001200 rpm. range.

The shoe face extends both above and below the central supporting surface for the rock. This insures that such downward movement of the rock as might occur will not result in the rock falling away from the shoe face before it reaches its terminal velocity at the outer, discharge, end thereof. Furthermore, the leading edges of the supporting plate (which holds the central wear plate, shoes, etc.) is protected against the damage from rock rebounding from the anvil which occurred in prior art devices.

Further objects and advantages of the invent-ion will be apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is a horizontal section through a crusher and illustrating in plan view an embodiment of the invention; and

FIGURE 2 is a vertical section as viewed at line 2-2 of FIGURE 1.

Although the following disclosure offered for public dissemination is detailed to ensure adequacy and aid understanding, this is not intended to prejudice that purpose of a patent which is to cover each new inventive concept therein no matter how others may later disguise it by Variations in form or additions or further improvements. The claims at the end hereof are intended. as the chief aid toward this purpose; as it is these that meet the requirement of pointing out the parts, improvements, or combinations in which the inventive concepts are found.

The crusher of the illustrated embodiment includes a frame, generally It), in the form of a casing which defines an enclosure in which the rock crushing operation is carried out. Secured to the Walls of the enclosure is an anvil 11 having a plurality of impacting faces 12. Centrally located within the casing is a table structure or slinger, generally 13, onto which the rock is deposited through a chute 14. Slinger 13 is secured to a shaft 15 suitably journaled in a pedestal 15 of frame 10. Shaft 15 is operatively connected to a power means 17 for rotation in the direction indicated by arrow 18.

Slinger 13 comprises a circular hub 20 secured to shaft 15. A supporting plate 21 is afiiXed to hub 20 as by means of bolts 22. A wear plate 23 covers the central portion of supporting plate 21 and is releasably afiiXed thereto as by means of bolts 24. The position of bolts 24 is such as to be out of the normal path of flow of the rock across the upper surface of wear plate 23. The outer limits of the path of flow of the rock on the upper surface of plate 23 is indicated approximately by lines 25. This particular path of flow is determined by the position of baffles 26 in conjunction with the rotation of the table and the central deposition of the rock through chute 14. The baffles should be positioned (to achieve the best fiow pattern) so that the angle between a radial line to the leading end 26a of the baffle and a radial line normal to the inner face of the baffle is at least 12 degrees. In the preferred embodiments this angle is about 37 /2 degrees.

Secured to and projecting upwardly from supporting plate 21 are a pair of L-shaped brackets each having two arms 29 and 30. The brackets are welded to supporting plate 21 and are reinforced by braces 31 and 32, likewise welded both to the supporting plate 21 and to the bracket. Baflles 26 are secured to arms 36 by means of bolts 33. Bolts 33 are symmetrically positioned with respect to baflles 26 to permit the baflles to be removed and turned end for end as wear occurs. Shoes 35, forming the propelling means, are suitably afiixed to arms 29 of the brackets. In the illustrated embodiment each shoe has a mounting stud 36 which passes through a corresponding opening in arm 29. A Wedge 3-7 is inserted through a substantially horizontal opening in stud 36 and is releasably held in place by means such as cotter pin 38. Openings 3% are provided in arms to facilitate the insertion and removal of wedges 37. It will be noted that the large ends of the Wedges are inwardly while the small ends are outwardly. Thus, centrifugal force acts on the wedges to hold the shoes securely in place.

In the illustrated embodiment it will be noted that the wear plate 23 which defines the rock supporting surface of the table has a central portion 230 onto which the rock is initially deposited through chute 14. There are two end portions 23b to provide a support for the flow of rock outwardly past the leading ends 2641 of baffles 2s. Shoes have a front or working face 35a, each with its inner end 35b immediately adjacent the forwardly ends 26a of the baffles. The shoes extend outwardly to the outer end 350 thereof. The shoes have a line of alignment (in the illustrated embodiment the chord of the curved front face 35a) such that the shoes are laid back with respect to a radial line therethrough. Thus, for example, the front face 35w angles rearwardly (considering the direction of rotation) with respect to a radial line drawn through the inner end 35b thereof. The specific positioning of the shoes is further described and claimed in application No. 202,733, filed June 15, 196 2.

As the rock is deposited on the central portion 23a of the wear plate 23, it flows outwardly about the leading ends 2601 of the baflles 26. At this point it moves onto the front faces 35a of the shoes. While the rock no longer receives physical support from below, it is propelled across the front faces 35a to the outer ends 350 thereof so fast that it does not have time to drop significantly. At this latter point the rock is discharged from the slinger and impacts against faces 12 of anvil 11. The latter impact fractures the rock which falls downwardly within the casing to be discharged from the bottom thereof.

Although some of the rock or fragments may rebound into the path of the outer rotating parts, they normally will only be struck by faces 35a of shoes 35. All other .outer rotating parts are substantially protected behind shoes 35, as seen best in FIGURE 2. Faces 35:: are

7 preferably of a material of high wear resistance. The

rebounding material does not appreciably shorten the life of shoes 35 because the. rebound wear is scattered. In fact fragments which would happen to be positioned to hit along the zone worn by the rock moving outwardly, as it is being slung, will for the most part strike this rock instead of the shoe.

The term rock as employed-herein is used loosely to identify materials which might be disintegrated by impacts. Another example of a material commonly broken in this I manner is slag.

1 frame for rotation about an approximately vertical axis, Said shaft adapted to be connected to said power means d for rotation in a given direction; an approximately horizontal table mounted on said shaft for rotation therewith, said table having a central portion intersected by said axis, wall means extending upwardly from sides of said central portion and defining side openings therebetween, and peripheral portions at said openings extending outwardly from and forming extensions of said central portion, said wall means having a leading end when considered with respect to said direction of rotation; propelling means secured to the shaft for rotation therewith, said propelling means having an inner end adjacent the leading end of the wall means, said propelling means extending outwardly from the table and wall means to an outer end, said propelling means having portions above and below vthe top of said portions of the table; and anvil means about the path of rotation of the propelling means.

2. A crusher for material such as rock, slag and the like and for use with a power means, said crusher comprising in combination: a frame; a shaft jouinaled in said frame for rotation about an approximately vertical axis, said shaft adapted to be connected to said power means for rotation in a given direction; an approximately horizontal table mounted on said shaft for rotation therewith, said table having a central portion intersected by said axis, wall means extending upwardly from sides of said central portion and defining side openings therebetween, and peripheral portions at said openings extending outwardly from and forming extensions of said central portion, said wall means including two baifies extending upwardly from said central portion and each having a leading and a trailing end with respect to the direction of rotation, said baflies being so positioned that a line from said axis normal to the baffle intersects the baffle between the leading and trailing ends thereof; propelling means secured to the shaft for rotation therewith, said propelling means having an inner end adjacent the leading end of the wall means, said propelling means extending outwardly from the table and wall means to an outer end, said propelling means having portions above and below the top of said portions of the table; means to direct the flow of material onto said table; and anvil means about the path of rotation of the propelling means.

3. A crusher for material such as rock, slag and the like for use with a power means, said crusher comprising in combination: a frame; a shaft iournaled in said frame for rotation about an approximately vertical axis, said shaft adapted to be connected to said power means for rotation in a given direction; an approximately horizontal table mounted on said shaft for rotation therewith, said table having a central portion intersected by said axis, wall means extending upwardly from sides of said central portion and defining side openings therebetween, and peripheral portions at said openings extending outwardly from and forming extensions of said central portion, said peripheral portions having sides and an end spaced from the central portion, said wall means including two baifies extending upwardly from said central portion and each having a leading and trailing end with respect to the direction of rotation, said bafiles being so positioned that a line from said axis normal to the baflle intersects the bafiie between the leading and trailing ends thereof; propelling means secured to the shaft for rotation therewith, said propelling means including two replaceable shoes each having a front face with an inner end and an outer end, the inner end of the shoes being adjacent the leading ends of the baffles respectively, the front face of each shoe being laid back with respect to a radial line through the inner end of the shoe, said shoes having an outer end spaced out wardly from the sides of the peripheral portions; means to directthe flow of material onto said table; and anvil means about the path of rotation of the propelling means.

' 4. A crusher for material such as rock, slag and the like and for use with a power means, said crusher coms,1es,991

prising in combination: a frame defining an enclosure; an approximately horizontal support member positioned in said enclosure and having a central portion with a plurality of wings extending outwardly and defining leading edges on each wing; a shoe mounted on each wing with the shoe extending above and below the top of the support member at the leading edge thereof, each shoe having an inner end with the shoe extending outwardly therefrom; a plurality of bafiles mounted on the support member and extending upwardly therefrom, each battle having a leading end adjacent an inner end of a shoe respectively and with the bathe extending rearwardly from the leading end and defining a wall along a side of the central portion of the support member; a wear plate defining a table between the baffles, said plate extending forwardly beyond the leading ends of the baffles with the sides thereof adjacent the inner ends of the shoes; shaft means secured to and extending downwardly from the central portion of the support member, said shaft means being journaled in said frame and being adapted to be connected to the power means for rotation in a direction such that the leading ends of the battles move forwardly; means to direct the flow of material onto said table; and anvil means about the path of rotation of the shoes.

5. A crusher ior material such as rock, slag and the like and for use with a power means, said crusher comprising in combination: a frame defining an enclosure; an approximately horizontal support member positioned in said enclosure and having a central portion with a pair of wings extending outwardly and defining leading edges on each wing; a generally oblong wear plate mounted on and secured to the central portion of the support member and having its long sides adjacent each wing and the short sides extending across the part of the support member between the wings; a pair of L-shaped brackets secured to the support member, each bracket having two arms normal to the support member, a first arm of each bracket being adjacent and parallel to a long side respectively of the wear plate, the other arm of each bracket extending parallel to and adjacent a leading edge respectively of the wings; upwardly extending bafiies secured to the first arms respectively of the brackets; shoes removably secured to the other arms respectively of the brackets and extending below the top of the support plate at the respective leading edges; shaft means secured to and extending downwardly from the central portion of the support member, said shaft means being journaled in said frame and being adapted to be connected to the power means for rotation in a direction such that the shoes move forwardly; means to direct the flow of material onto said wear plate; and anvil means about the path of rotation of the shoes.

6. In an apparatus for crushing material such as rock, slag and the like, including a generally horizontal table rotating about a vertical axis and with shoes thereon about which the material deposited on the central portion of the table moves outwardly to be thrown against breaker means outside of the table, the improvement comprising: said table terminating at about the inner ends of the shoes so that there is no support under the material as it moves across the shoes.

7. A crusher for material such as rock, slag and the like and for use with a powerirneans, said crusher comprising in combination: a frame defining an enclosure;

an approximately horizontal support member positioned in said enclosure and having a central portion with a plurality of Wings extending outwardly and defining leading edges on each wing; a pair of L-shaped brackets secured to the support member, each bracket having two arms normal to the support member, a first arm of each bracket extending along a side respectively of the central portion, the other arm of each bracket extending parallel to and adjacent a leading edge respectively of the wings, each first arm having an opening therethrough adjacent the other arm, the other arm having an opening therethrough at about the center thereof; a pair of shoes releasably attached to the other arms respectively, each shoe having a rearwardly extending stud on the shoe projecting through the opening in the respective other arm, each stud having an approximately horizontal opening therethrough at the rear of said other arm, and a wedge through said stud opening with the large end of the wedge inwardly and the small end outwardly whereby centrifugal force tends to tighten the wedge, said wedges being of a size to pass through the openings in the first arms; a wear plate on the central portion of the support member with its sides being inwardly of said shoes; shaft means secured to and extending downwardly from the central portion of the support member, said shaft means being journaled in said frame and being adapted. to be connected to the power means for rotation in a direction such that the leading ends of the bal'fies move forwardly; means to direct the flow of material onto said wear plate; and anvil means about the path of rotation of the shoes.

8. In an apparatus for crushing material such as rock, slag and the like, including a generally horizontal table rotating about a vertical axis and with shoes thereon about which shoes the material deposited on the central portion of the table moves outwardly to be thrown against breaker means outside of the table, the improvement comprising: a bracket extending upwardly from said table and having an inner end closer to the axis than is the outer end, said bracket having an opening therethrough from front to back; a shoe positioned against the front of the bracket, said shoe having a stud extending through said opening, said stud having an approximately horizontal opening therethrough rearwardly of the back of the bracket; and a wedge in said stud opening with the large end of the wedge being inwardly and the small end outwardly, whereby centrifugal force tends to tighten the wedge.

9. In an apparatus for crushing material such as rock, slag and the like, including a generally horizontal table rotating about a vertical axis and with shoes thereon about which the material deposited on the central portion of the table moves outwardly to be thrown against breaker means outside of the table, the improvement comprising: the space ahead of the outer portion of each shoe being open throughout a rebound area extending substantially below the level of the table top whereby material rebounding from the anvil means will be struck substantially only by said shoes.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,532,742 Hadsel Apr. 7, 1925 2,752,098 Adams June 26, 1956 2,991,949 Sellars July 11, 1961 3,032,169 Bridgewater May 1, 1962

Claims (1)

1. A CRUSHER FOR MATERIAL SUCH AS ROCK, SLAG AND THE LIKE AND FOR USE WITH A POWER MEANS, SAID CRUSHER COMPRISING IN COMBINATION: A FRAME; A SHAFT JOURNALED IN SAID FRAME FOR ROTATION ABOUT AN APPROXIMATELY VERTICAL AXIS, SAID SHAFT ADAPTED TO BE CONNECTED TO SAID POWER MEANS FOR ROTATION IN A GIVEN DIRECTION; AN APPROXIMATELY HORIZONTAL TABLE MOUNTED ON SAID SHAFT FOR ROTATION THEREWITH, SAID TABLE HAVING A CENTRAL PORTION INTERSECTED BY SAID AXIS, WALL MEANS EXTENDING UPWARDLY FORM SIDES OF SAID CENTRAL PORTION AND DEFINING SIDE OPENINGS THEREBETWEEN, AND PERIPHERAL PORTIONS AT SAID OPENINGS EXTENDING OUTWARDLY FROM AND FORMING EXTENSIONS OF SAID CENTRAL PORTION, SAID WALL MEANS HAVING A LEADING END WHEN CONSIDERED WITH RESPECT TO SAID DIRECTION OF ROTATION; PROPELLING MEANS SECURED TO THE SHAFT FOR ROTATION THEREWITH, SAID PROPELLING MEANS HAVING AN INNER END ADJACENT THE LEADING END OF THE WALL MEANS, SAID PROPELLING MEANS EXTENDING OUTWARDLY FROM THE TABLE AND WALL MEANS TO AN OUTER END,

Images