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US3158779A - Traveling-wave electronic microwave interaction guide devices - Google Patents

Traveling-wave electronic microwave interaction guide devices Download PDF

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US3158779A
US3158779A US59212A US5921260A US3158779A US 3158779 A US3158779 A US 3158779A US 59212 A US59212 A US 59212A US 5921260 A US5921260 A US 5921260A US 3158779 A US3158779 A US 3158779A
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space region
cylindrical space
guide
wave
longitudinal
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Ayaki Kazuo
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NEC Corp
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Nippon Electric Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/50—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/52—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode

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  • This invention relates to electronic microwave signal amplifiers and/or oscillator microwave guide devices, and more particularly to electromagnetic waveguide devices wherein interaction takes place between the electron stream and an electromagnetic wave propagated in the wave guide, of the type described in Proceedings of the Symposium on Electronic Wave Guides, published in Micro Wave Research Institute Proceedings, Volume 8 of 1958.
  • the wave guide devices of the present invention embody all operating elements of such known Wave-guide devices as described in the aforesaid Proceedings of the Symposium on Electronic Wave Guides except for the modifications of the present invention as hereinafter described.
  • Travelling Wave tubes, velocity modulation tubes, magnetrons, and the like, have been heretofore applied as amplifying or oscillating devices for microwave signals.
  • the construction of such devices has been attended with considerable difficulty due to the fact that a slow wave circuit or cavity resonator becomes smaller in proportion to the wave length, where the frequency of the signal becomes exceedingly high, for instance, above 50,000 me.
  • An important object of the present invention is to eliminate such difiiculties.
  • microwave devices according to the present invention instead of employing a slow wave circuit or a cavity resonator, useful interaction is effected between electromagnetic wave propagation in a wave guide and an electron stream therein.
  • the resulting structure is simplified, since there is no slow wave circuit, and it becomes easy to produce.
  • FIGS. 1, l-A and 2 show, respectively, the vertical section longitudinally of a microwave device of the present invention, and transverse cross-sectional views taken along the lines 1A1A and 22 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates diagrammatically the movement of electrons in the device of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 show transverse cross-sectional views of other embodiments of the invention.
  • FIGS. 1, 1-A and 2 illustrate one form of the micro wave device 10 of the present invention.
  • the microwave signals are impressed into a wave guide at input side 11;
  • An airtight window 12, of glass for instance, is mounted transversely of the wave guide input 11 in frame 12' therein and sealed in.
  • Window 12 passes the waves along.
  • A- ridge wave guide 13 of typical cross-section, as shown in FIG. 2, acts as'an anode.
  • the central region is a longitudinal, cylindrical passage for microwave signals, as in the TEM mode. axially along the center passage of the anode guide 13.
  • a corresponding window 15 and wave guide terminal 16 are at the output side of device 10.
  • Ridge wave guide 13 is maintained at a high potential E- ⁇ - with respect to the cathode 14 which emits electrons.
  • the longitudinal cathode is preferably a coaxial cylinder, oxidecoated to emit electrons about a coiled heater element with terminals 17, 17'. i
  • the device is evacuated Ike a tube, and is operated in the presence of a magnetic field along the axial direc-'
  • a cathode 14 is positioned tion, indicated by B said field being produced by coil C.
  • the electromagnetic signal energy entering from the input wave guide 11 performs an interaction with the cathodeemitted electrons along the ridge wave guide 13 as it propagates therethrough and goes out from the output wave guide 16 after being amplified.
  • the direction of propagation of the electromagnetic signal wave is symmetrical, and can enter from either end of the wave guide and go out through the other wave guide end.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section taken along line 22 of FIG. 1.
  • the cathode 14 is positioned in the center of the ridge wave guide 13.
  • the ridge wave guide 13 is maintained at a suitably high potential with respect to the cathode 14, and when a magnetic field B is applied along the axial direction, the electrons emitted from the cathode 14 revolve around the cathode 14 in a known cycloidal movement.
  • a transverse microwave signal, as a TEM, propagating along the ridge wave guide 13 produces an electric field a, a, as shown by the lines across ridge gaps 18, 19.
  • the electrons revolved about the cathode 14 in a cycloidal movement arrive at gap 18, they are accelerated.
  • a in the gap 18 When the high-frequency electric field a, a in the gap 18 is of a phase suitable for accelerating the electrons, they will absorb energy from the electric field a, a, and thereupon be attracted to the cathode 14, returning to it again, and not continuing the revolving cycloidal movement.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the movement of emitted electrons from cathode 14.
  • the path 20 of the electrons is for those which have been accelerated by the high-frequency electric field a, a at the gap 18.
  • those electrons which have been slowed or reduced in speed by the high-frequency field a, a, at the gap 18, continue their cycloidal revolution without being returned to cathode 14.
  • the reason for the latter mode is that such electrons had imparted part of their energy to the electric field a, a.
  • the path 21 shown, is for electrons that have thus been slowed at the gap 18 by the high-frequency electric field a, a, a cycloidal movement.
  • the impressed electromagnetic wave propagating longitudinally along the ridge Wave guide 13 is not slowed down, its phase velocity actually becoming larger than that of the speed of light c. Therefore, the phase of the electric field propagating along guide 13 by the interaction with the aforesaid electrons at gap 18, will advance more than several wave lengths during the interval that such electrons (which have gone through a speed reduction by the high-frequency electric field a, a at gap 18) will reach the opposite gap 19 through their cycloidal movement.
  • the magnitudes of the accelerating voltage E+ for the electrons, the axial magnitude field B, and so forth so that an optimum interaction of electrons and propagation of axial waves will occur, at such phase relation capable of speed-reducing the electrons (in cycloidal movement from the gap 18 to gap 19) through the high-frequency electric field that is traveling longitudinally more than several wave lengths behind the phase of the high-frequency electric field a, a that so acts upon such electrons.
  • the emitted electrons will continue to revolve cycloidally, imparting energy to the electromagnetic, field every time the electrons arrive at gaps 18 and 19, finally arriving at the anode, namely the ridge wave guide 13.
  • the applied signal high-frequency electromagnetic Wave in the circuit is amplified. If a portion of the amplified output signal, as at 16, is reflected or fed back to the input guide 11, the microwave device 10 will act as an oscillator.
  • Tn which is the period from the time when the electric field at the gap is of a phase that reduces the electron speed to the time when the electric field at the gap 19 is also ofa phase that reduces the electron speed
  • Equation 3 represents the synchronized condition
  • Equation 3 it is feasible to use a value of n that is relatively large, even when the frequency used is high and is large. Therefore, the resultant angular velocity of electrons w need not be correspondinglylarge.
  • the angular velocity w is given approximately by the fol where V is the accelerating voltage, R and r are the radii of the anode and cathode, respectively, and e is the specific charge of the electrons.
  • Equation 4 the synchronized condition of Equation 3 can be expressed in terms of the frequency, voltage' and magnetic fields, as follows;
  • V and B can beset at practical values only by selecting n to be large, even if f becomes exceedingly large, Say'SOkmc. and above.
  • the present invention is not to be understood as limited to the aforesaid embodiment 10.
  • the cross-sec be modified as shown in FIGS. 4, Sand 6.
  • the ridge waveguide 13 of FIGS. 1 and 2 contains'two symmetrical, oblong-shaped, longitudinal end regions 22,
  • the ridge wave guide corresponding to 13 in device 10 ' may assume configurationsas illustrated in FIGSJ 4, 5' and .6, among others.
  • the device'Stl otherwise similar in combination and operation to device 10, has i the cylindrical, longitudinal region Hoff-center of device '30; The cathode 32, however, is central therein; The v i j lower wall 33 of; the wave guide contains the corresponding cylindrical bore for the axial path.
  • Device 40 has a.
  • Device 50 has a central cathode 51 arrangement, with cylindrical, longitudinal side regions 52, 53.
  • the microwave device of the present invention is relatively inexpensive to fabricate, even for exceedingly highfrequency use. It employs no cavity resonator or slow wave circuit sections. Practical, relatively low values of anode voltage and external magnetic field are feasible even for high-frequency operation. Broad-band operation is attained therewith.
  • a ridge wave guide comprising a conductive envelope having an input and an output end; a longitudinal, substantially cylindrical space region and two spaced gap regions extending from and communicating with said space region, and a longitudinal cathode mounted within said longitudinal space region along the longitudinal axis of said cylindricalspace region, whereby electrons emitted by said cathode interact with microwave signals propagated along said ridge wave guide to impart amplification energy to the signals; said cylindrical space region and said gap regions communicating'with said input and output ends; said cylindrical space region being continuous and substantially straight between said input and output ends; the width of said gap regions adjacentsaid cylindrical space region being substantially less than the diameter of said cylindrical space region; the length of said gap regions being equal to the length of said cylindrical space region.
  • an input guide element In an electronic microwave guide device, an input guide element, an output guide element, a ridge wave.
  • said cylindrical space region andsaid gap regions communicating with said input and output ends said cylindrical space region being continuous and ,substant ally straight between said input and output ends; the width of said gap regions adjaeentsaid cylindrical space region being substantially less thanthe diameter of said cylindrical space region; the length'of said'gap regions a being equal to the length of said cylindrical spaceregion;
  • wave guide and' fan 'output'w'ave guide for microwave 1 signals,'a ridge'wave guide integrally coupled between said input and output wave guides comprising a conductive envelope having an input and an'outputend; and'including two spaced longitudinal guide'elements containing a longitudinal, substantially.cylindrical space region therebetween i and twospaced gap regions extending from and I communicating with said cylindrical'space region, and a longitudinal cathode mounted concentrically withinlsaid cylindrical space region astride said gap regions, whereby electrons emitted by said cathode in the presence of a unidirectional axial magnetic field interact with the microwave signals propagated along said ridge wave guide, with said guide elements maintained at an anode potential to impart amplification energy to the signals emergent at said output wave guide; said cylindrical space region and said gap regions communicating with said input and output ends; said cylindrical space region being continuous and substantially straight between said input and output ends; the width of said gap regions adjacent said cylindrical space region being substantially
  • one of said longitudinal guide elements being integral with an outer wall of said ridge wave guide.
  • one of said longitudinal elements being integral with an outer wall of said ridge wave guide.

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Description

KAZUO AYAKl Nov. 24, 1964 Filed Sept. 29, 1960 TRAVELING-WAVE} ELECTRONIC MICROWAVE INTERACTION GUIDE DEVICES FIGS FIG.4
INVENTOR. K A n ki BY five/z 265 14 2147* ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,158,779 TRAVELING-WAVE ELECTRONIC MICROWAVE INTERACTION GUIDE DEVICES Kazuo Ayaki, Tokyo, Japan, assignor to Nippon Electric Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan Filed Sept. 29, 1960, Ser. No. 59,212 Claims priority, application Japan, Oct. 3, 1959, 34/ 31,442 7 Claims. (Cl. 315-39.3)
This invention relates to electronic microwave signal amplifiers and/or oscillator microwave guide devices, and more particularly to electromagnetic waveguide devices wherein interaction takes place between the electron stream and an electromagnetic wave propagated in the wave guide, of the type described in Proceedings of the Symposium on Electronic Wave Guides, published in Micro Wave Research Institute Proceedings, Volume 8 of 1958. The wave guide devices of the present invention embody all operating elements of such known Wave-guide devices as described in the aforesaid Proceedings of the Symposium on Electronic Wave Guides except for the modifications of the present invention as hereinafter described.
Travelling Wave tubes, velocity modulation tubes, magnetrons, and the like, have been heretofore applied as amplifying or oscillating devices for microwave signals. The construction of such devices has been attended with considerable difficulty due to the fact that a slow wave circuit or cavity resonator becomes smaller in proportion to the wave length, where the frequency of the signal becomes exceedingly high, for instance, above 50,000 me.
An important object of the present invention is to eliminate such difiiculties. In microwave devices according to the present invention, instead of employing a slow wave circuit or a cavity resonator, useful interaction is effected between electromagnetic wave propagation in a wave guide and an electron stream therein. The resulting structure is simplified, since there is no slow wave circuit, and it becomes easy to produce. Several embodiments and the operating principles of the present invention are set forth hereinafter, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, wherein:
FIGS. 1, l-A and 2 show, respectively, the vertical section longitudinally of a microwave device of the present invention, and transverse cross-sectional views taken along the lines 1A1A and 22 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 illustrates diagrammatically the movement of electrons in the device of FIG. 1; and
FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 show transverse cross-sectional views of other embodiments of the invention.
FIGS. 1, 1-A and 2 illustrate one form of the micro wave device 10 of the present invention. The microwave signals are impressed into a wave guide at input side 11; An airtight window 12, of glass for instance, is mounted transversely of the wave guide input 11 in frame 12' therein and sealed in. Window 12 passes the waves along. A- ridge wave guide 13 of typical cross-section, as shown in FIG. 2, acts as'an anode. The central region is a longitudinal, cylindrical passage for microwave signals, as in the TEM mode. axially along the center passage of the anode guide 13. A corresponding window 15 and wave guide terminal 16 are at the output side of device 10. Ridge wave guide 13 is maintained at a high potential E-}- with respect to the cathode 14 which emits electrons. The longitudinal cathode is preferably a coaxial cylinder, oxidecoated to emit electrons about a coiled heater element with terminals 17, 17'. i
' The device is evacuated Ike a tube, and is operated in the presence of a magnetic field along the axial direc-' A cathode 14 is positioned tion, indicated by B said field being produced by coil C. The electromagnetic signal energy entering from the input wave guide 11 performs an interaction with the cathodeemitted electrons along the ridge wave guide 13 as it propagates therethrough and goes out from the output wave guide 16 after being amplified. The direction of propagation of the electromagnetic signal wave is symmetrical, and can enter from either end of the wave guide and go out through the other wave guide end.
FIG. 2 shows a section taken along line 22 of FIG. 1. The cathode 14 is positioned in the center of the ridge wave guide 13. When the ridge wave guide 13 is maintained at a suitably high potential with respect to the cathode 14, and when a magnetic field B is applied along the axial direction, the electrons emitted from the cathode 14 revolve around the cathode 14 in a known cycloidal movement. A transverse microwave signal, as a TEM, propagating along the ridge wave guide 13, produces an electric field a, a, as shown by the lines across ridge gaps 18, 19. When the electrons revolved about the cathode 14 in a cycloidal movement, arrive at gap 18, they are accelerated. When the high-frequency electric field a, a in the gap 18 is of a phase suitable for accelerating the electrons, they will absorb energy from the electric field a, a, and thereupon be attracted to the cathode 14, returning to it again, and not continuing the revolving cycloidal movement.
FIG. 3 illustrates the movement of emitted electrons from cathode 14. The path 20 of the electrons is for those which have been accelerated by the high-frequency electric field a, a at the gap 18. On the other hand, those electrons which have been slowed or reduced in speed by the high-frequency field a, a, at the gap 18, continue their cycloidal revolution without being returned to cathode 14. The reason for the latter mode is that such electrons had imparted part of their energy to the electric field a, a. The path 21 shown, is for electrons that have thus been slowed at the gap 18 by the high-frequency electric field a, a, a cycloidal movement. The impressed electromagnetic wave propagating longitudinally along the ridge Wave guide 13 is not slowed down, its phase velocity actually becoming larger than that of the speed of light c. Therefore, the phase of the electric field propagating along guide 13 by the interaction with the aforesaid electrons at gap 18, will advance more than several wave lengths during the interval that such electrons (which have gone through a speed reduction by the high-frequency electric field a, a at gap 18) will reach the opposite gap 19 through their cycloidal movement.
It is practical to adjust the magnitudes of the accelerating voltage E+ for the electrons, the axial magnitude field B, and so forth, so that an optimum interaction of electrons and propagation of axial waves will occur, at such phase relation capable of speed-reducing the electrons (in cycloidal movement from the gap 18 to gap 19) through the high-frequency electric field that is traveling longitudinally more than several wave lengths behind the phase of the high-frequency electric field a, a that so acts upon such electrons. When the synchronized condition of the applied electromagnetic signal field and the electron stream is satisfied, the emitted electrons will continue to revolve cycloidally, imparting energy to the electromagnetic, field every time the electrons arrive at gaps 18 and 19, finally arriving at the anode, namely the ridge wave guide 13. In this manner, the applied signal high-frequency electromagnetic Wave in the circuit is amplified. If a portion of the amplified output signal, as at 16, is reflected or fed back to the input guide 11, the microwave device 10 will act as an oscillator.
A theoretical explanation of the synchronized condition between the electrons and the high-frequency electromaglowing equation:
netic field, follows. Reference is made to a related system of the co-pending patent application Serial No. 832,588 filed August 10, 1959, for Microwave Device, by M. Miya, assigned to the assignee of the present application; Assuming the angular frequency of the electromagnetic wave as a, and the revolving angular velocity of electrons as w then the necessary time Te for the electrons to travel from the gap 18 to gap 19, that is, the time for making a 180 revolution around the cathode 14, is expressed as follows:
Te= V (1) Time, Tn, which is the period from the time when the electric field at the gap is of a phase that reduces the electron speed to the time when the electric field at the gap 19 is also ofa phase that reduces the electron speed, is given by the following equation:
where m=0,' 1, 2
The necessary condition that the electrons be in synchronism with the electromagnetic field, and impart energy to the electromagnetic field, is Te=Tn. Therefore, from Equations 1 and 2, thefollowing Equation 3 is obtained:
This Equation 3 represents the synchronized condition, As is now clear from Equation 3, it is feasible to use a value of n that is relatively large, even when the frequency used is high and is large. Therefore, the resultant angular velocity of electrons w need not be correspondinglylarge. The angular velocity w is given approximately by the fol where V is the accelerating voltage, R and r are the radii of the anode and cathode, respectively, and e is the specific charge of the electrons. Using Equation 4, the synchronized condition of Equation 3 can be expressed in terms of the frequency, voltage' and magnetic fields, as follows;
' where represents the frequency. From the above equation, it will be understood that V and B can beset at practical values only by selecting n to be large, even if f becomes exceedingly large, Say'SOkmc. and above. V
The present invention is not to be understood as limited to the aforesaid embodiment 10. Thus, the cross-sec be modified as shown in FIGS. 4, Sand 6.
tional configuration of device 10 s shown in FIG. 2, may.
5 The ridge waveguide 13 of FIGS. 1 and 2 contains'two symmetrical, oblong-shaped, longitudinal end regions 22,
thereof results'in 'rather broad-band operation, as an 'amplifierof the'd evice 10.5For application as' an oscilla- :tof, or special narrow frequency band amplifier application,-resonant dimensions could be indicated.
" The ridge wave guide corresponding to 13 in device 10 'may assume configurationsas illustrated in FIGSJ 4, 5' and .6, among others. In EEG. '4, the device'Stl, otherwise similar in combination and operation to device 10, has i the cylindrical, longitudinal region Hoff-center of device '30; The cathode 32, however, is central therein; The v i j lower wall 33 of; the wave guide contains the corresponding cylindrical bore for the axial path. Device 40 has a.
central cathode 41 arrangement, with the side regions 42, 43 of triangular cross-section. Device 50 has a central cathode 51 arrangement, with cylindrical, longitudinal side regions 52, 53.
The microwave device of the present invention is relatively inexpensive to fabricate, even for exceedingly highfrequency use. It employs no cavity resonator or slow wave circuit sections. Practical, relatively low values of anode voltage and external magnetic field are feasible even for high-frequency operation. Broad-band operation is attained therewith.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the novel principles of the invention disclosed herein in con-.
nection with specific exemplifications thereof, will suggest various other modifications and applications of the same.
It is accordingly desired that in construing the breadth of the appended claims, they shall not be limited to the specific exemplifications of the invention described above.
. I claim:
1. In an electronic microwave guide device, a ridge wave guide comprising a conductive envelope having an input and an output end; a longitudinal, substantially cylindrical space region and two spaced gap regions extending from and communicating with said space region, and a longitudinal cathode mounted within said longitudinal space region along the longitudinal axis of said cylindricalspace region, whereby electrons emitted by said cathode interact with microwave signals propagated along said ridge wave guide to impart amplification energy to the signals; said cylindrical space region and said gap regions communicating'with said input and output ends; said cylindrical space region being continuous and substantially straight between said input and output ends; the width of said gap regions adjacentsaid cylindrical space region being substantially less than the diameter of said cylindrical space region; the length of said gap regions being equal to the length of said cylindrical space region.
'2. In an electronic microwave guide device, an input guide element, an output guide element, a ridge wave.
guide coupled between said input and output guide elernents and comprising a conductive envelope having an input and an output end; and containing a longitudinal,
substantially cylindrical space region and two spaced gap said gap regions, whereby electrons emitted by said' cathode in the presence of a unidirectional axial'm'ag- 'netic field interact with microwave signals propagated along said ridge wave guide, with said'guide elements maintained atfan anode potential to impart amplification energy to the signals emergent at said output guide ele-,
ment; said cylindrical space region andsaid gap regions communicating with said input and output ends said cylindrical space region being continuous and ,substant ally straight between said input and output ends; the width of said gap regions adjaeentsaid cylindrical space region being substantially less thanthe diameter of said cylindrical space region; the length'of said'gap regions a being equal to the length of said cylindrical spaceregion;
said'gap regions beingsubstant'ially wider; than the diam-. i
eter of said cylindrical, space region at the gap regions remote from said cylindrical space region.
3. In an electronic microwave guide deviceyan input: wave guide and' fan 'output'w'ave guide for microwave 1 signals,'a ridge'wave guide integrally coupled between said input and output wave guides comprising a conductive envelope having an input and an'outputend; and'including two spaced longitudinal guide'elements containing a longitudinal, substantially.cylindrical space region therebetween i and twospaced gap regions extending from and I communicating with said cylindrical'space region, and a longitudinal cathode mounted concentrically withinlsaid cylindrical space region astride said gap regions, whereby electrons emitted by said cathode in the presence of a unidirectional axial magnetic field interact with the microwave signals propagated along said ridge wave guide, with said guide elements maintained at an anode potential to impart amplification energy to the signals emergent at said output wave guide; said cylindrical space region and said gap regions communicating with said input and output ends; said cylindrical space region being continuous and substantially straight between said input and output ends; the width of said gap regions adjacent said cylindrical space region being substantially less than the diameter of said cylindrical space region; the length of said gap regions being equal to the length of said cylindrical space region; said gap regions being substantially Wider than the diameter of said cylindrical space region at the gap regions remote from said cylindrical space region.
4. In an electronic microwave guide device as claimed in claim 1, a window sealed-in across each end of the cylindrical space region for maintaining it in an evacuated condition within the device.
5. In an electronic microwave guide device as claimed in claim 3, a window sealed-in across both said input and output Wave guides for maintaining an evacuated condition within said ridge Wave guide.
6. In an electronic microwave guide device as claimed in claim 1, one of said longitudinal guide elements being integral with an outer wall of said ridge wave guide.
7. In an electronic microwave guide device as claimed in claim 2, one of said longitudinal elements being integral with an outer wall of said ridge wave guide.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,115,521 Fritz et a1. Apr. 26, 1938 2,402,184 Samuel June 18, 1946 2,406,635 Rarno Aug. 27, 1946 2,414,121 Pierce Jan. 14, 1947 2,542,797 Cuccia Feb. 20, 1951 2,698,398 Ginzton Dec. 28, 1954 2,959,707 Wilmarth Nov. 8, 1960

Claims (1)

1. IN AN ELECTRONIC MICROWAVE GUIDE DEVICE, A RIDGE WAVE GUIDE COMPRISING A CONDUCTIVE ENVELOPE HAVING AN INPUT AND AN OUTPUT END; A LONGITUDINAL, SUBSTANTIALLY CYLINDRICAL SPACE REGION AND TWO SPACED GAP REGIONS EXTENDING FROM AND COMMUNICATING WITH SAID SPACE REGION, AND A LONGITUDINAL CATHODE MOUNTED WITHIN SAID LONGITUDINAL SPACE REGION ALONG THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF SAID CYLINDRICAL SPACE REGION, WHEREBY ELECTRONS EMITTED BY SAID CATHODE INTERACT WITH MICROWAVE SIGNALS PROPAGATED ALONG SAID RIDGE WAVE GUIDE TO IMPART AMPLIFICATION ENERGY TO THE SIGNALS; SAID CYLINDRICAL SPACE REGION AND SAID GAP REGIONS COMMUNICATING WITH SAID INPUT AND OUTPUT ENDS; SAID CYLINDRICAL SPACE REGION BEING CONTINUOUS AND SUBSTANTIALLY STRAIGHT BETWEEN SAID INPUT AND OUTPUT ENDS; THE WIDTH OF SAID GAP REGIONS ADJACENT SAID CYLINDRICAL SPACE REGION BEING SUBSTANTIALLY LESS THAN THE DIAMETER OF SAID CYLINDRICAL SPACE REGION; THE LENGTH OF SAID GAP REGIONS BEING EQUAL TO THE LENGTH OF SAID CYLINDRICAL SPACE REGION.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3305751A (en) * 1962-10-26 1967-02-21 Raytheon Co Traveling wave device
US4099093A (en) * 1975-06-13 1978-07-04 Thomson-Csf Electronic tube for generating millimetric wave pulses
US4225806A (en) * 1977-06-27 1980-09-30 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Generator of meter- or decimeter-long waves
US4434387A (en) 1981-07-06 1984-02-28 Raytheon Company DC Isolated RF transition for cathode-driven crossed-field amplifier
US4550271A (en) * 1983-06-23 1985-10-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Gyromagnetron amplifier

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2115521A (en) * 1936-04-30 1938-04-26 Telefunken Gmbh Magnetron
US2402184A (en) * 1941-05-03 1946-06-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Ultra high frequency electronic device contained within wave guides
US2406635A (en) * 1942-03-27 1946-08-27 Gen Electric Method for amplifying highfrequency signals
US2414121A (en) * 1941-01-17 1947-01-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron device of the magnetron type
US2542797A (en) * 1947-06-14 1951-02-20 Rca Corp Microwave coupling system and apparatus
US2698398A (en) * 1949-04-07 1954-12-28 Univ Leland Stanford Junior Traveling wave electron discharge device
US2959707A (en) * 1958-03-03 1960-11-08 Itt Slow wave propagating structure

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2115521A (en) * 1936-04-30 1938-04-26 Telefunken Gmbh Magnetron
US2414121A (en) * 1941-01-17 1947-01-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron device of the magnetron type
US2402184A (en) * 1941-05-03 1946-06-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Ultra high frequency electronic device contained within wave guides
US2406635A (en) * 1942-03-27 1946-08-27 Gen Electric Method for amplifying highfrequency signals
US2542797A (en) * 1947-06-14 1951-02-20 Rca Corp Microwave coupling system and apparatus
US2698398A (en) * 1949-04-07 1954-12-28 Univ Leland Stanford Junior Traveling wave electron discharge device
US2959707A (en) * 1958-03-03 1960-11-08 Itt Slow wave propagating structure

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3305751A (en) * 1962-10-26 1967-02-21 Raytheon Co Traveling wave device
US4099093A (en) * 1975-06-13 1978-07-04 Thomson-Csf Electronic tube for generating millimetric wave pulses
US4225806A (en) * 1977-06-27 1980-09-30 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Generator of meter- or decimeter-long waves
US4434387A (en) 1981-07-06 1984-02-28 Raytheon Company DC Isolated RF transition for cathode-driven crossed-field amplifier
US4550271A (en) * 1983-06-23 1985-10-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Gyromagnetron amplifier

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