US3156558A - High-density, nonmagnetic stainless steel - Google Patents
High-density, nonmagnetic stainless steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3156558A US3156558A US142740A US14274061A US3156558A US 3156558 A US3156558 A US 3156558A US 142740 A US142740 A US 142740A US 14274061 A US14274061 A US 14274061A US 3156558 A US3156558 A US 3156558A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- density
- stainless steel
- nonmagnetic
- steel
- nonmagnetic stainless
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011005 laboratory method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
Definitions
- the rods were cut into lengths of about 6 inches and turned between centers for cleaning.
- Brass having a density of 8.4 g. per cu. cm. has been The remanent induction of the hot-worked specimens was used for many years as material for standard weights. It measured after they had been subjected to magnet zing is nonmagnetic, a necessary property for standards of forces of several thousand oersteds. The measured remamass. It is not, however, an ideal material since it nent induction was negligible in comparison with the tarnishes and thus is subject to changes in weight. earths field.
- the range or maximum percent ofh elements, besides iron carbon 020% maximum and the usual impurities, used in te preseilt nvention are manganese 200% maximum indicated in the following composition ta e. phosphorous 0 04O% maximum Table I sulfur 0.030% maximum silicon 1.60% maximum 0 chromium 15.5 to 17.5% nickel 31.5 to 33.5% Preferred Range tungsten to 100% Maximum and the balance of said steel being essentially iron.
- a high density, nonmagnetic steel of approximately g ikgf 9: 3:38 8.4 grams/cm. and consisting essentially of: glllifislphorum 23;: carbon 0.10% Silicon. 1.2 1.60 max. manganese 1.70% 01.1mm gggggg; silicon 1.25% Tungsten 9.5 9.0 to 10.0. chromium 16.5% nickel 32.5% 7 tungsten 9.5%
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Description
United States Patent 3,156,558 HIGH-DENSITY, NONMAGNETIC STAINLESS STEEL Samuel J. Rosenberg and Thomas P. Royston, Jr., Wash- I ington, D.C., assignors to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of Commerce N0 Drawing. Filed Oct. 3, 1961, Ser. No. 142,740 4 Claims. (Cl. 75128) This invention relates to a high density, nonmagnetic 3,156,558 Patented Nov. 10, 1964 out in air in a 16 pound laboratory induction furnace and the metal was poured into the form of 1 /2 inch diameter bars. These were given a four-hour homogenizing anneal in vacuum at 2000 F. prior to hot working. The steels were hot worked by forging and swaging to rods of about 0.6 inch diameter. Hot working was carried out in the temperature range of about 2100 to 1600 F.
After hot working, the rods were cut into lengths of about 6 inches and turned between centers for cleaning.
10 Samples of the clean, hot-worked material were then stainless steel. taken for spectrochemical and chemical analyses and for By long established custom, the values of weights have determination of density and magnetic permeability. The been expressed as weight in air against standards having analyses of the two steels that closely approached the dea density of 8.4 grams per cubic centimeter. Weights sired density are shown in the following table:
Table II National Percent Bureau of Standards Mark Carbon Manga- Silicon Chro- Nickel Tung- Nitronese mium sten gen Determination of permeability and density gave the following values:
Table III Magnetic Permeability Density, g. per en. cm.
(H=300 Oersteds) National Bureau of Standards Mark As Hot As Annealed As Cold As Hot As Annealed Worked Worked Worked SW-12 1. 00s 1. 019 1. 03 s. 42 s. .4 SW-lB; 1. 000 1. 024 1. 03 s. 45 s. 45
that have this density may be compared without a cor- It is noted that an increase in magnetic permeability rection for air buoyancy being required. was obtained after annealing the hot-worked material.
Brass having a density of 8.4 g. per cu. cm. has been The remanent induction of the hot-worked specimens was used for many years as material for standard weights. It measured after they had been subjected to magnet zing is nonmagnetic, a necessary property for standards of forces of several thousand oersteds. The measured remamass. It is not, however, an ideal material since it nent induction was negligible in comparison with the tarnishes and thus is subject to changes in weight. earths field.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention It is understood that while laboratory techniques were to provide a stainless steel that has the required density used in preparing the above alloys, which were given by and is nonmagnetic. Way of example, other conventional furnace procedures This is accomplished by increasing the density of an may be followed in using the present invention. austenitic stainless steel by the addition of tungsten and What is claimed is: maintaining austenite stability by proper balance of chro- 1. A high density, nonmagnetic steel, of approximately mium and nickel. The preferred percent of elements and 8.4 grams/0111. and consisting essentially of: the range or maximum percent ofh elements, besides iron carbon 020% maximum and the usual impurities, used in te preseilt nvention are manganese 200% maximum indicated in the following composition ta e. phosphorous 0 04O% maximum Table I sulfur 0.030% maximum silicon 1.60% maximum 0 chromium 15.5 to 17.5% nickel 31.5 to 33.5% Preferred Range tungsten to 100% Maximum and the balance of said steel being essentially iron.
2. A high density, nonmagnetic steel of approximately g ikgf 9: 3:38 8.4 grams/cm. and consisting essentially of: glllifislphorum 23;: carbon 0.10% Silicon. 1.2 1.60 max. manganese 1.70% 01.1mm gggggg; silicon 1.25% Tungsten 9.5 9.0 to 10.0. chromium 16.5% nickel 32.5% 7 tungsten 9.5%
In the execution of this invention, several experimental steels were melted and fabricated. Melting was carried and the balance of said steel being essentially iron.
3 4 3. A high density, nonmagnetic steel of approximately tungsten 9.9% 8.4 grams/cm. and consisting essentially of: nitrogen 0.017%
carbon 0.09% and the balance of said steel being essentially iron. manganese 1.7% I silicon 1.55% 5 References Cited in the file of this patent Cilromium 161% UNITED STATES PATENTS mcket 33; 1,528,478 Hadfield Mar. 3, 1925 f 3 1,542,233 Girin June 16, 1925 10 1,953,229 Heron Apr. 3, 1934 and the balance of said steel being essentially iron. 1,991,433 w rman Feb. 19, 1935 2,587,613 Payson Mar. 4, 1952 4. A high density, nonmagnetic steel of approximately OTHER REFERENCES 8.4 am /cm. and consistin essentiall of:
gr 8 g y Evans: Wrought Heat Resisting Alloys for Gas Turbine carbon 0.05% 15 Service, Reprint N0. 31, reprinted from November 1945 manganese 17% issue of Metal Progress, page 4.
silicon 1.49% Gregg: Alloys of Iron and Tungsten, published for the chromium 164% Engineering Foundation by the McGraw-Hill Book Co.,
nickel 32.3% Inc., New York and London, 1934, pages 401 to 404.
Claims (1)
1. A HIGH DENSITY, NONMAGNETIC STEEL, OF APPROXIMATELY 8.4 GRAMS/CM.3 AND CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US142740A US3156558A (en) | 1961-10-03 | 1961-10-03 | High-density, nonmagnetic stainless steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US142740A US3156558A (en) | 1961-10-03 | 1961-10-03 | High-density, nonmagnetic stainless steel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3156558A true US3156558A (en) | 1964-11-10 |
Family
ID=22501084
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US142740A Expired - Lifetime US3156558A (en) | 1961-10-03 | 1961-10-03 | High-density, nonmagnetic stainless steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3156558A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1528478A (en) * | 1924-12-16 | 1925-03-03 | Hadfield Robert Abbott | Alloy |
| US1542233A (en) * | 1920-12-09 | 1925-06-16 | Commentry Fourchambault & Deca | Alloy |
| US1953229A (en) * | 1931-05-01 | 1934-04-03 | George Charlton | Spark plug electrode |
| US1991438A (en) * | 1931-12-09 | 1935-02-19 | Gen Plate Co | Thermostatic metal |
| US2587613A (en) * | 1948-12-02 | 1952-03-04 | Crucible Steel Company | High temperature high strength alloys |
-
1961
- 1961-10-03 US US142740A patent/US3156558A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1542233A (en) * | 1920-12-09 | 1925-06-16 | Commentry Fourchambault & Deca | Alloy |
| US1528478A (en) * | 1924-12-16 | 1925-03-03 | Hadfield Robert Abbott | Alloy |
| US1953229A (en) * | 1931-05-01 | 1934-04-03 | George Charlton | Spark plug electrode |
| US1991438A (en) * | 1931-12-09 | 1935-02-19 | Gen Plate Co | Thermostatic metal |
| US2587613A (en) * | 1948-12-02 | 1952-03-04 | Crucible Steel Company | High temperature high strength alloys |
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