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US3032448A - Method for producing lacquered thin sheets of aluminum - Google Patents

Method for producing lacquered thin sheets of aluminum Download PDF

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Publication number
US3032448A
US3032448A US812817A US81281759A US3032448A US 3032448 A US3032448 A US 3032448A US 812817 A US812817 A US 812817A US 81281759 A US81281759 A US 81281759A US 3032448 A US3032448 A US 3032448A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sheet
aluminum
mechanical strength
thickness
lacquered
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Expired - Lifetime
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US812817A
Inventor
Siebel Gustav
Tragner Erich
Broockmann Karl
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Constellium Singen GmbH
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Aluminium Walzwerke Singen GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon

Definitions

  • sheets of aluminum or aluminum alloy in lacquered or unlacquered state as a substitute material for tin plate.
  • sheets of a thickness of at most 0.8 mm. and at least 0.1 mm., preferably between 0.25' and 0.35 mm, are required.
  • the aluminum sheets which have been furnished till now for such purposes and which are produced in the form of a rolled strip have a mechanical strength below that of the tin plate, especially if they were used lacquered- If a hard rolled sheet of aluminum or an aluminum alloy with only a little amount of alloying constituents is used lacquered, whereby the varnish serves as protection against corrosion or as a priming coat for a plastic coating, the metal looses its mechanical strength during heating for drying or baking the varnish, so that its strength is not sufiicient for cans and crown corks.
  • the material of the sheet should not cost sensibly more than pure aluminum.
  • Our present invention relates to a method for producing lacquered thin sheets of aluminum, the mechanical properties of which correspond to those of tin plate of the same thickness and which may also compete in price with tin plate.
  • an aluminum alloy containing at most 1.5% of one or more of the alloying constituents Mg, Si, Zn, Cr, Mn and Ti is solution annealed and quenched at least at the double end thickness, preferably at the 3- to 5-fold and thickness, is aged at roomtemperature or slightly increased temperature, for example at 40 to 60 C., in order to attain a natural aging effect, then rolled to end thickness, thereafter coated with the solution of a varnish giving a coating suitable for deep-drawing and finally heated for drying or baking the varnish, whereby in comparison to the cold rolled state not only the malleability but also the mechanical strength of the sheet is increased.
  • the sheet becomes then cold rolled with a deformation degree of 50%; if the solution treatment is carried out at the fivefold end thickness, the cold rolling degree will be 80%. This value may be exceeded if the desired mechanical strength is still reached.
  • the aging for attaining a natural aging effect is preferably carried out until practically the state of full agehardening is reached.
  • an alurninum alloy with 0.4% Mg and 0.6% Si it is recommendable to choose an aging period of at least two days at room temperature, respectively somewhat shorter at a slightly increased temperature.
  • this alloy is aged at room temperature during 3 to 4 days. Of course a longer aging period is not detrimental as the material remains unchanged after aging. 7
  • the sheet of aluminum alloy is preferably rolled and worked subsequently as a strip. After drying or stoving the varnish the sheet is cut, punched, divided in several increase results during cold rolling, but simultaneously the elongation is decreased. With an aluminum alloy containing 0.4% Mg and 0.6% Si the elongation drops to 6 t0 3%. In this state the malleability is not sufiicient for example for the deep drawing of cans or for the making But when the cold rolled sheet has been lacquered and is heated during 10 minutes, to 30 seconds at a temperature of 120 to 240 C.
  • the solution annealing and the quenching have not to be carried out at the end thickness of the sheet, but can be done at a considerable higher thickness.
  • a hardening by solution annealing and quenching at an end thickness of for example 0.25 to 0.45 mm. is uneconomical, technically difiicult to be carried out and does not give the maximal values for the mechanical strength.
  • Example.--A strip of aluminum containing 0.4% Mg and 0.6% Si is solution annealed at an intermediate thickness of 1 to 1.5 mm. quenched in cold water and naturally aged, whereby the yield strength is increased from 4-6 kg./mm. up to 8-15 kg./mm. the tensile strength from about 10 up to about kgjmm. and the Brinell hardness from 20-30 up to -60 kg/rnmfi.
  • the yield strength is increased from 4-6 kg./mm. up to 8-15 kg./mm.
  • the tensile strength from about 10 up to about kgjmm.
  • the Brinell hardness from 20-30 up to -60 kg/rnmfi.
  • During the following cold rolling to the end thickness of 0.3 mm. deformation degree of to the yield strength rises to 2834 kg./mm. the tensile strength to 30-35 kg./mm. and the Brinell'hardness to -100 kg./rnm.
  • the elongation is only 3 to 4%, that means the malleability is insutiicient for example for the manufacture of crown corks. It now such a cold rolled sheet is then lacquered according to any known method and the varnish is dried by heating at a temperature between and 240 C., the elongation becomes considerably increased; its value may rise up to 15%, whereas yield strength and tensile strength do not decrease, but increase further by about 6 to 8% respectively 8 to 10%.
  • the mechanical strength of the material obtained in this way corresponds to the strength of the usual tin plate of the same thickness.
  • the method for producing lacquered thin, deformable sheets of aluminum with high mechanical strength comprising the steps of solution annealing and quenching to room temperature a rolled sheet of an aluminum alloy containing at least one of the constituents selected from a group consisting of Mg, Si, Zn, Cr, Mn and Ti, in an amount not to exceed 1.5% by weight, the said constituents being in such combination and amount that the alloy is hardenable by heat treatment, these annealing and quenching steps taking place at a thickness at least twice the desired ultimate thickness of the sheet; aging the sheet for attaining a natural aging effect; cold rolling the sheet to end thickness; covering the sheet with the solution of a varnish giving a coating suitable for deepdrawing and heating the lacquered sheet to 120 to 240 C. for drying or stoving the varnish, whereby not only the malleability but also the mechanical strength of the sheet become increased in comparison to the mechanical strength of the sheet in the cold-rolled state.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

It is well known to use sheets of aluminum or aluminum alloy in lacquered or unlacquered state as a substitute material for tin plate. ample of the fabrication of cans or boxes or bottle caps of the crown cork type, sheets of a thickness of at most 0.8 mm. and at least 0.1 mm., preferably between 0.25' and 0.35 mm, are required. The aluminum sheets which have been furnished till now for such purposes and which are produced in the form of a rolled strip have a mechanical strength below that of the tin plate, especially if they were used lacquered- If a hard rolled sheet of aluminum or an aluminum alloy with only a little amount of alloying constituents is used lacquered, whereby the varnish serves as protection against corrosion or as a priming coat for a plastic coating, the metal looses its mechanical strength during heating for drying or baking the varnish, so that its strength is not sufiicient for cans and crown corks. Sheets of highly alloyed aluminum, for example with magnesium, which have also in the annealed state considerable tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and hardness, are not suitable as a substitute material for tin plate in the making of mass produced articles such as cans and crown corks because of their higher price. The material of the sheet should not cost sensibly more than pure aluminum.
Our present invention relates to a method for producing lacquered thin sheets of aluminum, the mechanical properties of which correspond to those of tin plate of the same thickness and which may also compete in price with tin plate.
According to our invention an aluminum alloy containing at most 1.5% of one or more of the alloying constituents Mg, Si, Zn, Cr, Mn and Ti is solution annealed and quenched at least at the double end thickness, preferably at the 3- to 5-fold and thickness, is aged at roomtemperature or slightly increased temperature, for example at 40 to 60 C., in order to attain a natural aging effect, then rolled to end thickness, thereafter coated with the solution of a varnish giving a coating suitable for deep-drawing and finally heated for drying or baking the varnish, whereby in comparison to the cold rolled state not only the malleability but also the mechanical strength of the sheet is increased.
It the solution annealing is carried out at the double end thickness, the sheet becomes then cold rolled with a deformation degree of 50%; if the solution treatment is carried out at the fivefold end thickness, the cold rolling degree will be 80%. This value may be exceeded if the desired mechanical strength is still reached. 1
The aging for attaining a natural aging effect is preferably carried out until practically the state of full agehardening is reached. For example with an alurninum alloy with 0.4% Mg and 0.6% Si it is recommendable to choose an aging period of at least two days at room temperature, respectively somewhat shorter at a slightly increased temperature.
Preferably this alloy is aged at room temperature during 3 to 4 days. Of course a longer aging period is not detrimental as the material remains unchanged after aging. 7
There may be considered many aluminum alloys with If it is the question for eX- of crown corks.
strength and the hardness.
3,032,448 Patented May 1, 1962 a low content of alloying constituents, but for the practice of the present invention they must be harde-nable by a heat treatment. Very good results are obtained with sheets of an aluminum alloy containing about 0.3- to 0.7% Mg and 0.3 to 0.7% Si. The aluminum with a low content of alloying constituents may of course contain beside Mg, Si, Zn, Cr, Mn and Ti some; other elements in a low amount, provided that these other elements do not impair the result of the method according to the invention.
The sheet of aluminum alloy is preferably rolled and worked subsequently as a strip. After drying or stoving the varnish the sheet is cut, punched, divided in several increase results during cold rolling, but simultaneously the elongation is decreased. With an aluminum alloy containing 0.4% Mg and 0.6% Si the elongation drops to 6 t0 3%. In this state the malleability is not sufiicient for example for the deep drawing of cans or for the making But when the cold rolled sheet has been lacquered and is heated during 10 minutes, to 30 seconds at a temperature of 120 to 240 C. for drying or stoving the varnish it is subjected at the same time to a re laxation of the crystalline structure resulting in an increase of the elongation for example up to 10-15% and a subsequent increase of the tensile strength, the yield The improvement of the mechanical properties of the cold rolled sheet is combined with the drying or stoving of the lacquer coating.
It was already known to lacquer after solution annealing and quenching articles made of an aluminum alloy containing 0.6 to 1.4% Mg, 0.8 to 1.2% Si, 0.6 to 1.0% Mn and up to 0.3% Cr (known in Europe as AlMgSi) and to heat them thereafter in order to stove the varnish and to age the alloy at the same time. But it was the question neither of an aluminum alloy with a low content of alloying constituents nor of the lacquering and arof the several working steps: solution annealing, quenching, natural aging, cold rolling, artificial aging together withdrying and stoving the lacquer, it was possible to increase the tensile strength, the yield strength, the hardness and the elongation and also to dry the varnish. Without the natural aging after the solution annealing and quenching it is not possible to obtain a sufficient mechanical strength by artificially aging a sheet of an end thickness of for example 0.25 to 0.45 mm. if the sheet should be used for the fabrication of cans or crown corks.
The methodaccording to our invention presents besides the already mentioned advantages (steady improvement of the mechanical strength during the last working steps, combination of the artificial aging with the drying and stoving of the varnish) further advantages:
(1) The solution annealing and the quenching have not to be carried out at the end thickness of the sheet, but can be done at a considerable higher thickness. A hardening by solution annealing and quenching at an end thickness of for example 0.25 to 0.45 mm. is uneconomical, technically difiicult to be carried out and does not give the maximal values for the mechanical strength.
(2) Generally the surface of the hardenable aluminum alloys, even of the alloys with a low content of alloying constituents, shows a grey colour after solution annealing and quenching, which colour does not disappear during aging. But during the cold rolling of the aged material according to our invention the surface becomes bright again, what is very advantageous for the use of the material.
Example.--A strip of aluminum containing 0.4% Mg and 0.6% Si is solution annealed at an intermediate thickness of 1 to 1.5 mm. quenched in cold water and naturally aged, whereby the yield strength is increased from 4-6 kg./mm. up to 8-15 kg./mm. the tensile strength from about 10 up to about kgjmm. and the Brinell hardness from 20-30 up to -60 kg/rnmfi. During the following cold rolling to the end thickness of 0.3 mm. (deformation degree of to the yield strength rises to 2834 kg./mm. the tensile strength to 30-35 kg./mm. and the Brinell'hardness to -100 kg./rnm. In this state the elongation is only 3 to 4%, that means the malleability is insutiicient for example for the manufacture of crown corks. It now such a cold rolled sheet is then lacquered according to any known method and the varnish is dried by heating at a temperature between and 240 C., the elongation becomes considerably increased; its value may rise up to 15%, whereas yield strength and tensile strength do not decrease, but increase further by about 6 to 8% respectively 8 to 10%. The mechanical strength of the material obtained in this way corresponds to the strength of the usual tin plate of the same thickness.
What we claim is:
1. The method for producing lacquered thin, deformable sheets of aluminum with high mechanical strength comprising the steps of solution annealing and quenching to room temperature a rolled sheet of an aluminum alloy containing at least one of the constituents selected from a group consisting of Mg, Si, Zn, Cr, Mn and Ti, in an amount not to exceed 1.5% by weight, the said constituents being in such combination and amount that the alloy is hardenable by heat treatment, these annealing and quenching steps taking place at a thickness at least twice the desired ultimate thickness of the sheet; aging the sheet for attaining a natural aging effect; cold rolling the sheet to end thickness; covering the sheet with the solution of a varnish giving a coating suitable for deepdrawing and heating the lacquered sheet to 120 to 240 C. for drying or stoving the varnish, whereby not only the malleability but also the mechanical strength of the sheet become increased in comparison to the mechanical strength of the sheet in the cold-rolled state.
2. The method according to claim 1, in which the sheet is worked in strip form.
3. The method according to claim 1, in which the sheet is made from an alloy consisting of aluminum, 0.3 to 0.7% Mg and 0.3 to 0.7% Si.
4. The method according to claim 1, in which the sheet is cold rolled to a thickness of 0.8 to 0.1 mm.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,083,903 Wilm Jan. 6, 1914 1,472,739 Archer et a1 Oct. 30, 1923 2,394,546 Harrington Feb. 12, 1946 2,695,253 Schaaber Nov. 23, 1954 2,837,450 Moore et a1. June 3, 1958 2,877,195 McNa-bb Mar. 10, 1959

Claims (1)

1. THE METHOD FOR PRODUCING LACQUERED THIN, DEFORMABLE SHEETS OF ALUMINUM WITH HIGH MECHANICAL STRENGTH COMPRISING THE STEPS OF SOLUTION ANNEALING AND QUENCHING TO ROOM TEMPERATURE A ROLLED SHEET OF AN ALUMINUM ALLOY CONTAINING AT LEAST ONE OF THE CONSTITUENTS SELECTED FROM A GROUP CONSISTING OF MG, SI, ZN, CR, MN AND TI, IN AN AMOUNT NOT TO EXCEED 1.5% BY WEIGHT, THE SAID CONSTITUENTS BEING IN SUCH COMBINATION AND AMOUNT THAT THE ALLOY IS HARDENABLE BY HEAT TREATMENT, THESE ANNEALING AND QUENCHING STEPS TAKING PLACE AT A THICKNESS AT LEAST TWICE THE DESIRED ULTIMATE THICKNESS OF THE SHEET; AGING THE SHET FOR ATTAINING A NUTRAL AGING EFFECT; COLD ROLLING THE SHEET TO END THICKNESS; COVERING THE SHEET WITH THE SOLUTION OF A VARNISH GIVING A COATING SUITABLE FOR DEEPDRAWING AND HEATING THE LACQUERED SHEET TO 120 TO 240* C. FOR DRYING OR STOVING THE VARNISH, WHEREBY NOT ONLY THE MALLEABILITY BUT ALSO THE MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF THE SHEET BECOME INCREASED IN COMPARISON TO THE MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF THE SHEET IN THE COLD-ROLLED STATE.
US812817A 1958-05-17 1959-05-13 Method for producing lacquered thin sheets of aluminum Expired - Lifetime US3032448A (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3314825A (en) * 1962-05-24 1967-04-18 Nat Res Dev Composite metal structural components
US3935007A (en) * 1974-11-13 1976-01-27 Sumitomo Light Metal Industries, Ltd. Aluminum alloy of age hardening type
US4000007A (en) * 1973-02-13 1976-12-28 Cegedur Societe De Transformation De L'aluminium Pechiney Method of making drawn and hemmed aluminum sheet metal and articles made thereby
US4039355A (en) * 1974-03-29 1977-08-02 Riken Light Metal Industries Company, Ltd. Aluminum alloy shapes
US4174232A (en) * 1976-12-24 1979-11-13 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Method of manufacturing sheets, strips and foils from age hardenable aluminum alloys of the Al-Si-Mg-type
JPS55119148A (en) * 1979-03-09 1980-09-12 Furukawa Alum Co Ltd Alominum alloy with excellent strength and moldability
US4457965A (en) * 1981-03-16 1984-07-03 Hunter Douglas International N.V. Process for lacquering articles & articles lacquered therewith
US5614037A (en) * 1995-05-01 1997-03-25 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Method for preparing pre-coated aluminum articles and articles prepared thereby
US5894879A (en) * 1995-09-18 1999-04-20 Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation Method of manufacturing aluminum alloy sheet
US5922472A (en) * 1995-05-01 1999-07-13 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Method for preparing pre-coated aluminum alloy articles and articles prepared thereby
US8999079B2 (en) 2010-09-08 2015-04-07 Alcoa, Inc. 6xxx aluminum alloys, and methods for producing the same
US20160083825A1 (en) * 2013-05-17 2016-03-24 Constellium Neuf-Brisach Aluminium alloy sheet for metallic bottle or aerosol container
US9587298B2 (en) 2013-02-19 2017-03-07 Arconic Inc. Heat treatable aluminum alloys having magnesium and zinc and methods for producing the same
US9926620B2 (en) 2012-03-07 2018-03-27 Arconic Inc. 2xxx aluminum alloys, and methods for producing the same

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1083903A (en) * 1910-03-15 1914-01-06 Alfred Wilm Process of improving alloys.
US1472739A (en) * 1921-12-20 1923-10-30 Aluminum Co Of America Aluminum-base alloy
US2394546A (en) * 1942-03-28 1946-02-12 Gen Electric Aluminum base alloy containing copper and beryllium and method of making the same
US2695253A (en) * 1949-05-06 1954-11-23 Schaaber Otto Heat treatment of aluminum alloys
US2837450A (en) * 1952-10-27 1958-06-03 Ici Ltd Method of bonding parts of light alloy heat exchangers
US2877195A (en) * 1952-05-19 1959-03-10 American Can Co Vinylate fatty acid esters

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1083903A (en) * 1910-03-15 1914-01-06 Alfred Wilm Process of improving alloys.
US1472739A (en) * 1921-12-20 1923-10-30 Aluminum Co Of America Aluminum-base alloy
US2394546A (en) * 1942-03-28 1946-02-12 Gen Electric Aluminum base alloy containing copper and beryllium and method of making the same
US2695253A (en) * 1949-05-06 1954-11-23 Schaaber Otto Heat treatment of aluminum alloys
US2877195A (en) * 1952-05-19 1959-03-10 American Can Co Vinylate fatty acid esters
US2837450A (en) * 1952-10-27 1958-06-03 Ici Ltd Method of bonding parts of light alloy heat exchangers

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3314825A (en) * 1962-05-24 1967-04-18 Nat Res Dev Composite metal structural components
US4000007A (en) * 1973-02-13 1976-12-28 Cegedur Societe De Transformation De L'aluminium Pechiney Method of making drawn and hemmed aluminum sheet metal and articles made thereby
US4039355A (en) * 1974-03-29 1977-08-02 Riken Light Metal Industries Company, Ltd. Aluminum alloy shapes
US3935007A (en) * 1974-11-13 1976-01-27 Sumitomo Light Metal Industries, Ltd. Aluminum alloy of age hardening type
US4174232A (en) * 1976-12-24 1979-11-13 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Method of manufacturing sheets, strips and foils from age hardenable aluminum alloys of the Al-Si-Mg-type
JPS55119148A (en) * 1979-03-09 1980-09-12 Furukawa Alum Co Ltd Alominum alloy with excellent strength and moldability
US4457965A (en) * 1981-03-16 1984-07-03 Hunter Douglas International N.V. Process for lacquering articles & articles lacquered therewith
US4617339A (en) * 1981-03-16 1986-10-14 Hunter Douglas International N.V. Lacquer, process for lacquering therewith, and articles lacquered therewith
US5614037A (en) * 1995-05-01 1997-03-25 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Method for preparing pre-coated aluminum articles and articles prepared thereby
US5858133A (en) * 1995-05-01 1999-01-12 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Method for preparing pre-coated aluminum alloy articles and articles prepared thereby
US6403230B1 (en) 1995-05-01 2002-06-11 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Method for preparing pre-coated aluminum alloy articles and articles prepared thereby
US5922472A (en) * 1995-05-01 1999-07-13 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Method for preparing pre-coated aluminum alloy articles and articles prepared thereby
US5944918A (en) * 1995-05-01 1999-08-31 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Method for preparing pre-coated aluminum articles and articles prepared thereby
US6221177B1 (en) 1995-05-01 2001-04-24 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Method for preparing pre-coated aluminum alloy articles and articles prepared thereby
US5894879A (en) * 1995-09-18 1999-04-20 Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation Method of manufacturing aluminum alloy sheet
US8999079B2 (en) 2010-09-08 2015-04-07 Alcoa, Inc. 6xxx aluminum alloys, and methods for producing the same
US9194028B2 (en) 2010-09-08 2015-11-24 Alcoa Inc. 2xxx aluminum alloys, and methods for producing the same
US9249484B2 (en) 2010-09-08 2016-02-02 Alcoa Inc. 7XXX aluminum alloys, and methods for producing the same
US9359660B2 (en) 2010-09-08 2016-06-07 Alcoa Inc. 6XXX aluminum alloys, and methods for producing the same
US9926620B2 (en) 2012-03-07 2018-03-27 Arconic Inc. 2xxx aluminum alloys, and methods for producing the same
US9587298B2 (en) 2013-02-19 2017-03-07 Arconic Inc. Heat treatable aluminum alloys having magnesium and zinc and methods for producing the same
US20160083825A1 (en) * 2013-05-17 2016-03-24 Constellium Neuf-Brisach Aluminium alloy sheet for metallic bottle or aerosol container
US10577683B2 (en) * 2013-05-17 2020-03-03 Constellium France Aluminium alloy sheet for metallic bottle or aerosol container

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