US3019994A - Hydraulic bowl release for cone crushers - Google Patents

Description

1962 1.. G. SYMONS 3,019,994

HYDRAULIC BOWL RELEASE FOR CONE CRUSHERS Filed Oct. 16. 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I/ f/i W, //x \fi L 1 I III 53 INVENTOR.

ATTOIP/VIFS.

Feb. 6, 1962 G. SYMONS HYDRAULIC BOWL RELEASE FOR CONE CRUSHERS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR; [Off/V 6. SWOA/S, 64m/4J .H v E5 u a a a 017*:

Filed Oct. 16, 1957 ATIaPA ZKS.

3,919,994 HYDRAULIC BOWL RELEASE FOR CONE CRUSHERS Loren G. Syrnous, North Holiywood, Calif., assignor to Nordberg Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis.,

a corporation of Wisconsin Filed Get. 16, 1957, Ser. No. 699,458 3 Claims. ((31. 241-299) The present invention relates to an improvement in cone crusher adjusting and release means, and has for one purpose to provide improved and quickly releasable and yieldable locking means for locking the bowl of a cone crusher against unintended movement in relation to the bowl supporting ring.

Another purpose is to provide means for quickly releasing such locking means and for thereby permitting quick adjustment of the bowl and ring.

Another purpose is to provide improved means for adjusting the bowl of a cone crusher in circumstances where the bowl is in screw-threaded relation to a bowl support by rotating the bowl in relation to the support.

Another purpose is to provide improved releasing means for moving the bowl of a cone crusher when uncrushable material is wedged between bowl and head.

Another purpose is to provide improved control means for controlling the bowl adjusting and bowl releasing means.

Other purposes will appear from time to time in the course of the specification and claims.

I illustrate the invention more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a side elevation of a typical cone crusher;

FIGURE 2 is a vertical radial section, on an enlarged scale, on the line 22 of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is a partial section, with parts broken away, on the line 33 of FIGURE 2;

FIGURE 4 is a side elevation on the same scale as FIGURE 2, with parts broken away and parts in section, illustrating another feature of my invention; and

FIGURE 5 is a more or less diagrammatic illustration of a varying structure.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specification and drawings.

Referring to the drawings, 1 generally illustrates the base flange of the circumferential crusher frame 2. The crusher frame terminates at its upper edge in a flange 3 having outwardly extending aprons 4. The flange 3 has an inner, upwardly conic surface 3a and an outer, generally conic surface 312. Conforming to and centered on and normally in fixed relation to the flange 3 is the bowl ring or support 5. This support has an inner component 5a which is inwardly screw-threaded as at 5b. It extends outwardly and has a circumferential channel, generally indicated as So, having portions conforming to the conic faces 3a and 3b of the main frame flange. The ring has also an outward extension or extensions, as at 5d.

In the form of crusher herein shown, thebowl ring 5 is normally held downwardly against the main frame flan e 3 by a plurality of springs arranged in clusters. The upper ends of the springs of a particular cluster are positioned within the apron 4 on the flange 3' and abut against the flat lower surface 4a of the main frame flange 3. A lower movable abutment for the spring cluster is indicated at 6. Compressed between the abutment 6 and the lower main frame flange surface 4a are aplurality of springs 7. One spring, indicated at 7a, operates somewhat differently from the remaining springs 7 of.

the cluster, as will later be seen. Extending through some or all of the springs 7 are spring bolts 8 which maybe headed at the top, as at Sat, and which may have securing nite States Patent 3,919,994 Patented Feb. 6, 1962 ICQ nuts or other suitable adjustable abutments 812 at their lower end. By adjustment of the nuts 8b, the compression of the springs 7 may be adjusted. Since the bolts extend through suitable apertures in the main frame flange 3 and in the bowl supporting or adjusting ring 5, with the heads 9a abutting against the top of the bowl supporting or adjusting ring, the springs 7 are effective normally, through the abutment 6 and the bolts 8, to hold the ring 5 firmly downwardly against the main frame flange 3 in the position in which the parts are shown in FIGURE 2.

The bowl structure proper is generally indicated at 19. It includes an outer, outwardly screw-threaded cylindrical portion 19a which is in screw-threaded relation with the:

justing ring 5, they may be keyed together as at 1212.- The connection between the threads may be protected in any suitable way, for example, by the outwardly and downwardly extending hood 11a which may wipe across any suitable oil seal 11!: on the locking ring 12 and a seal 110 between the locking ring 12 and the adjusting ring 5. In order to lock the locking ring in place, and to prevent undesired relative rotation of the members 5 and 19, I

find it advantageous to employ the individual springs is. I may, for example, employ one spring in each cluster, or I may employ springs in some clusters while omitting such springs in others, depending upon the required locking pressure. 1 I

Taking the cluster shown in vertical section in FIGURE 2 as typical, it will be noted that the spring 7a has a separate washer 14 at its lower end and a separate adjustment or adjusting nut 14a. The abutment 6 is apertured or cut away to permit this. The spring bolt 15 of the spring 7a has the washer l4 adjustably secured by the adjusting nut 14a. The bolt 15 is shown as having an enlargement 15a which enters an appropriate cavity in the lower part of the main frame flange portion 5d. The parts are so proportioned that a slight upward travel of the spring bolt 15 is permitted before the enlargement 15a contacts the upper end of the cavity in the portion 5d in which it is positioned. Thus, a slight upward movement of the spring bolt 15 is permitted, without any movement of the adjusting ring 5. I employrthis slight upward movement to permit or effect a release of the locking ring 12, Thelocking ring is normally urged upwardly by locking levers 16, of which the lever shown in FIGURE 2 is typi- These levers may be fulcrumed on heads 16:: at or adjacent their inner ends which are notched at 16b tocal.

position in which they are shown in FIGURE 2, operates i.

to exert a downward pressure on the outer end of the locking lever 16,.which exercises a corresponding upward thrust against the apron 12a of the screw-threaded lock- I of the lever, it may" ing ring 12. To increase the length be inclined to the radial. It will be understood, of course,

that a suflicient number of the spring bolts 15 and their associated springs 7a are freed from the normal clusters to exercise an adequate upward locking thrust against the.

locking ring 12.

When it is desired to adjust the crusher by imparting a rotation of the bowl 1G in relation to the adjusting ring 5, I provide means for lifting the spring bolts a sufficient distance to free the locking pressure of the locking ring 12. A slight travel is sufficient, and this travel may be obtained, for example, by the use of hydraulic jacks such as are shown at in FIGURE 2. There will preferably be an individual hydraulic jack for each of the spring bolts 15, each jack constituting thereby a release for one of the locking levers 16. The details of the jacks do not of themselves form part of the present invention. It will be understood, however, that they may be connected by any suitable manifold 21 to which the interior of each jack is connected by any suitable passage 22. I prefer to employ conventional spring return jacks so that when hydraulic pressure is admitted to the interior of the jack, its piston 26a rises, the spring being effective to depress the piston 260 when hydraulic pressure is released.

It is thought not necessary to show the hydraulic system in detail. I illustrate, however, in diagrammatic form, a valve control lever which, when moved in one direction or to one position, permits only suthcient pres sure to build up in the jacks" to raise the spring bolts 15 a distance effective merely to release the lever 16. I may, for example, employ any suitable by-pass valving so that the only possible result of moving the lever 25 in the direction 25a would be to elevate the spring bolts 15 as far as they are permitted to rise without lifting the bowl ad'- justing ring 5. On the other hand, when the lever 25 is moved in the direction 25b or to a different position, it will be understood that the valving is eifective to permit sufficient pressure to build up in the jacks to elevate the adjustment ring 5 as high as the springs 7 and 7a will permit it to rise. I may say that the possible excursion in a known type of cone crusher having a cone with a diameter of 7 feet at the lower edge is of the order of 4 /2 to 5 inches. However, the particular size of the" crusher, or the particular permitted excursion, are not critical. What I wish to be able to do, andcan do by the herein described structure, is to employ a set of jacks alternatively to release the locking pressure on the locking ring 12, or to elevate the bowl adjustment ring 5. A purpose for elevating the ring 5 is to permit the in terior of the crusher to be freed of uncrushable material which has stalled the crusher.

It will be understood that, in the normal use ofthe device, the crushing head, generally indicated at 30, is gyrated toward and away from the bowl 10. The crushing takes place as the result of the gyration of the head within the normally fixed bowl. In the event that uncrushable material, such as a mass of packed particles or a dipper tooth, or some other piece of tramp iron, is in the crushing cavity and does not pass-through, the crusher may stall. In such case, with the machine'stalled, I may use the jacks 20 to compress the springs7 as well as 7a., and to thereby elevate the adjusting ring 5. The result is to increase the clearance between the bowl and head. The blocking material then normally passes downwardly from the crushing cavity. When the tramp iron or dipper teeth are involved, and are of too great a size to pass downwardly through the'cavity, they can easily be lifted upwardly out of the bowl.

In many crushing operations frequent adjustment is necessary because of the high degree of wear. I illustrate in FIGURE 4 a suitable means for applying hydraulic pressure to impart rotation to the bowl 10 in relation to the adjusting ring 5. 1 illustrate, for example, a post 50; positioned on the adjusting ring 5. I form this post as a jack, with a bore 51 and a piston 52. Oil entering the bore of the cylinder 51 through the oil connection 53 will raise the piston or plunger, and its plunger sheave, upwardly. An adjusting cable or suitable flexible member 55 passes around the sheave 56 on the adjusting ring, and passes upwardly about the sheave 54 and can be hooked by the eye or ring 57 on the hook 58 fixed in relation to the jack. Thus, as the sheave 54 is elevated, the cable 55 is drawn in about the sheave 55 and it is secured at its opposite end to the bowl structure 10. Therefore, the result of the upward movement of the sheave 54 is to rotate the bowl 10 in relation to the adjusting ring 5. This rotation is permitted only when the locking ring 12 has already been moved to the release position by a suitable upward rnovernent of the lower jacks 20. When the ring has thus been released the upper jack structure above described may be operated to pull in on the cable 55 and thus to rotate the bowl structure-10 to its desired adjustment. It will be understood that I may use one or more such jacks. It will also be understood that I may employ the above described system of FIGURE 4 to rotate the bowl It) in either direction. I may, for example, have a pair of such jacks with sheaves 56 and hooks 58 on opposite sides of each jack. It will be further understood that when a greater movement than that obtained by the possible elevation of the sheave 54 is desired, the cable ring 57 may be released from the book 53, and may be secured to or by any suitable crane or hoist, whereby a greater rotational excursion may be obtained.

In the form of FIGURE 5, I illustrate an alternative application of force. The disclosure can be taken somewhat diagrammatically, .with the main frame and top flange omitted, but with a rod element 60 illustrated, which passes upwardly through the bottom of the spring cluster plate or abutment 6,.and passes upwardly through the bowl supporting ring. 5 to connect with a leverage which may be as shown in FIGURE 2. I am, therefore, illustrating in FIGURE 5 the material which actually differs from the structure shownin FIGURE 2. The rod 60 resembles the spring bolt 15 of FIGURE 2, in that it has a top enlargement 61 fitting into an appropriately formed apertured in the bottom of the bowl supporting ring 5, and also has an upward extension 62 which may engage any suitable leverage for applying force to the locking ring712, as shown in FIGURE 2. The rod 60 has a bottom plate or abutment 63 which is located substatitially below the plate 6. The rod passes through an appropriate aperture 64, centrally located in the plate 6, or so located as to be on the general axis of the combined spring thrust of the cluster of springs taken as a whole. A separate spring 65, located below the cluster plate or abutment 6, is compressed between it and the bottom plate 63 of the rod 60, and normally urges the rod downwardly in such fashion as to deliver, through a suitable leverage, such as is shown in FIGURE 2, a locking up-thrust against the locking ring 12 of FIGURE 2. However, when adjustment or release is necessary, hydraulic pressure is admitted to the jack 66and urges its operating piston 67.

upwardly against the bottom plate or abutment 63 of the rod 60. The piston 67 urges the rod and the plate 63 upwardly, and the first contact is with a downwardly extending abutment or abutments 68 below the plate 6. This elevation is sufiicient to move the rod 60 upwardly far enough to release the locking ring 12 of FIGURE 2, or its equivalent. The bowl can then be adjusted, as above described. If, however, the hydraulic system is operated to give the maximum upward movement of the jack element 67, then the second contact takes place between the rod enlargement 61 and the bowl supporting ring 5, and the jack system is effective to lift the ring 5 to the extent permitted by the full, or substantially full, compression of the springs 7. FIGURE 5 will, of course, be read as if the springs 7 were in position and were compressed between the plate 6 and the main frame flange 16 of FIGUREZ.

The structure of FIGURE 5 has certain definite advantages. For example, the thrust of each jack is balanced with the thrust of the particular nest of springs with which it is associated. It will be understood, of course, that a suitablenumber of jacks is positioned around the main frame, there being one for each of the selected number of spring nests. In some circumstances, in heavy duty crushers, it may be advantageous to have a jack and a push rod 60 for each nest of springs. Under most circumstances, however, this is not necessary.

It will be realized that whereas I have described and shown a practical and operative device, nevertheless, many changes may be made in size, shape, number and disposition of parts without departing from the spirit of my invention. I, therefore, wish my description and drawings to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative or diagrammatic rather than as limiting me to my specific disclosure herein. It will be understood, for example, that whereas I have illustrated a crusher in which the springs are arranged in clusters, my system may be applied equally well to crushers in which the springs are equally distributed in a single tier about the exterior of the main frame. Whereas I illustrate the jacks 20 as below the main frame flange 3, and, of course, below the adjusting ring 5, they may be put at any other desired or desirable location. Likewise, whereas I find it advantageous to apply the lifting thrust through the spring bolts 15 to the adjusting ring 5, by the use of the heads 150, I do not wish to be limited to this specific arrangement.

It will be understood, also, that whereas I find it advantageous to have each of the thrust members 15 or 60 operate initially to release the bowl for adjustment, and to operate thereafter by a longer travel to elevate the bowl, I may segregate the system and have some members operating to release for adjustment and other members operating to release the bowl.

The use and operation of the invention are as follows:

Stated simply, I employ springs to hold a bowl or bowl support against movement in relation to a main frame. I find it desirable normally to rely on these springs. In currently employed cone crushers, such springs are used, and give adequate service. In cone crushers now on the market, adjustments, however, are somewhat lengthy and difficult, and no means are provided for a quick release of a stalled crusher. My invention provides both quick adjustment in normal use and quick release of the crusher, when stalled, by an hydraulic system which normally idles. It operates only when needed. Normally, the springs operate to hold the adjusting ring downwardly against the main frame flange 3, while permitting the necessary yielding safety release to prevent breakage and to permit occasional overloads to pass through. However, when adjustment is desired the movement of the lever 25 in the direction 25a immediately releases the locking ring 12. This permits rotation of the bowl 10 in relation to the adjustment ring 5. If the head is gyrated in the proper direction, the immediate result of such a release of the locking ring 12 is to permit the bowl to rotate in response to the movement of the head and the material compressed therebetween. Otherwise, the structure of FIGURE 4 may be used. As soon as the desired adjustment is reached, the hydraulic jacks 20 are released by a return of the lever 25 to neutral, and the springs 7a resume their normal locking thrust of the lever 16 against the locking ring 12. If desired, additional locking means may be employed, such as any suitable links or connections, not herein shown, between the bowl 10 and the adjusting ring 5. If desired, the cable 55, which is normally hydraulically operated to impart a limited rotation of the bowl 10, may be connected to any other suitable crane or outside source of power in order to impart a movement of greater amplitude.

I claim:

1. For use with a crusher having a gyrated head, a frame, and a bowl structure rotatably adjustable in relation to said frame, hydraulic means for rotatably adjusting said bowl structure in relation to the frame, said hydraulic means including a flexible tension member, means for securing spaced parts of the flexible tension member to the bowl structure and the frame, a contact element about which said flexible tension member passes, and hydraulic means for moving said contact element from a predetermined initial position and for thereby exerting tension on the tension member effective to move the spaced parts of the tension member closer together and thereby to rotate the bowl in relation to the frame.

2. The structure of claim 1 characterized in that the contact element is constituted by a sheave.

3. The structure of claim 1 characterized by the employment as 'a contact element of a sheave and a hydraulic ram for moving said sheave to exert tension on the flexible tension member.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,550,098 Traylor Apr. 24, 1951 2,680,571 Bjaarme June 8, 1954 2,687,257 Rumpel Aug. 24, 1954 2,747,804 Rumpel May 29, 1956 2,791,383 Kjelgaard May 7, 1957

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