US3069863A - Apparatus for evaporating impurities contaminating liquid gas, for example acetylene contaminating liquid oxygen - Google Patents
Apparatus for evaporating impurities contaminating liquid gas, for example acetylene contaminating liquid oxygen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3069863A US3069863A US749440A US74944058A US3069863A US 3069863 A US3069863 A US 3069863A US 749440 A US749440 A US 749440A US 74944058 A US74944058 A US 74944058A US 3069863 A US3069863 A US 3069863A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- contaminating liquid
- acetylene
- liquid oxygen
- liquid
- cone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 15
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title description 16
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 title description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001481833 Coryphaena hippurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001479512 Lagenorhynchus cruciger Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
- C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/22—Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/08—Separating gaseous impurities from gases or gaseous mixtures or from liquefied gases or liquefied gaseous mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
- C01B2210/0068—Organic compounds
- C01B2210/007—Hydrocarbons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/80—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using integrated mass and heat exchange, i.e. non-adiabatic rectification in a reflux exchanger or dephlegmator
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
- Y10S62/902—Apparatus
Definitions
- the present invention relates to apparatus for vaporizing impurities contaminating liquid gas, for example acetylene contaminating liquid oxygen, more especially but not exclusively for use in gas-separating systems, comprising a wall which is adapted to be heated and on which a liquid is evaporated.
- impurities contaminating liquid gas for example acetylene contaminating liquid oxygen
- acetylene-contaminated liquid oxygen is drawn off from a fractionating column and fed through an atomizer to a separateheater where the liquid is evaporated by hot, gaseous oxygen.
- oxygen drawn 05 from a fractionating column and, for example, containinated by acetylene is fed in small quantities against a heated, fiat bottom of a vaporizer where it is evaporated by boiling on the plate, above which provision is made of a fairly large space with a narrowed supply duct for the liquid.
- the present invention has for its object to provide an apparatus of the aforesaid type, without using overpressure for dispersion or a large chamber for boiling on a heated plate, while precluding any accumulation of acetylene.
- the heatable wall comprises recesses and elevations so as to permit individual and permanently individual drops of the liquid to be evaporated in the recesses or to jump over from one recess to the others.
- the surface of the heatable wall consists of one or more layers of metal gauze, for example copper gauze. Excellent results are obtained when connecting, for example, three layers of gauze offset through an angle of, say, 45 relative to one another, by sintering or soldering to a massive metal, for example copper, substratum.
- the vaporization surface according to the invention preferably constitutes entirely or partially the outer surface of a body having an outer surface converging towards the highest point, for example a cone or a ball cap.
- a cone When using a cone, its vertical angle may have a value of the order of 120.
- the body near its highest point co-acts with a distributor adapted for supplying liquid and having an upwardly converging outer surface, for example a conical surface or that of a ball cap, and which further meets at or near its highest point with a liquid supply duct projecting downwardly and comprising overhanging parts, for example teeth, at its lower edge.
- a distributor adapted for supplying liquid and having an upwardly converging outer surface, for example a conical surface or that of a ball cap, and which further meets at or near its highest point with a liquid supply duct projecting downwardly and comprising overhanging parts, for example teeth, at its lower edge.
- the liquid supply for example from the distributor referred to, is directed towards a body having a smooth surface and so shaped, for example as a cone, that any liquid supplied to it is accelerated in flowing off, the stream of drops flowing ofi being directed towards the surface of the heatable wall provided with recesses and elevations.
- Liquid oxygen for example contaminated by acetylene, is passed through an aperture 1 of a mouth piece 2 in the direction of arrows p to a distributor 3 in the form of a cone provided with overhangs 4 at its lower edge 5.
- This cone has a strong distributing effect without any overpressure. Drops accumulate from the projections 4 and fall on the smooth outer surface of a cone 6. The drops are accelerated along the surface of the cone is and jump over to the heated conical gauze surface 7. Its temperature amounts to C. to C.
- Such apparatus may, for example, be used at the bottom end of gas-fractionating columns.
- An apparatus for evaporating impurities such as acetylene from liquid oxygen in a gas fractionating column comprising means for dispensing liquid oxygen, coneshaped wall forming an angle of and positioned beneath the outlet for said dispensing means, said liquid oxygen being adapted to flow over said cone-shaped wall, a chamber located adiacent to said cone-shaped Wall and in open communication therewith, an opening in said chamber to the atmosphere, means for heating said coneshaped Wall, the latter being constituted of a metal gauze whereby the Leydenfrost phenomenon occurs and all liquid thereon is evaporated and the acetylene gas therein is discharged to the atmosphere through the opening in said chamber, a smooth, cone-shaped element connecting opposite faces of said cone-shaped wall, and a conical distribution plate positioned on said cone-shaped element with its apex directly underneath the outlet of said dispensing means, the base of said conical distribution plate overhanging said cone-shaped element.
- An apparatus for evaporating impurities such as acetylene from liquid oxygen in a fractionating column comprising means for dispensing liquid oxygen, a sloping wall beneath the outlet of said dispensing means and over which said liquid oxygen flows, a chamber located adjacent to said sloping Wall and in open communication therewith, an opening in the chamber to the atmosphere, means for heating said sloping W211, the latter being a metai gauze constituted of a metal oxide material whereby the Leydenfrost phenomenon occurs and all liquid thereon is evaporated and the acetylene gas therein is discharged to the atmosphere through tie opening in said chamber.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Description
Dec. 25, 1962 J. H. DOLPHIN ETAL 3,069,863
APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING IMPURITIES CONTAMINATING LIQUID GAS, FOR EXAMPLE ACETYLENE CONTAMINATING LIQUID OXYGEN Filed July 18, 1958 INVENTORS- JOHANNES HENDRIKUS DOLPHIN JOHANNES VAN DER STER AGEN Eindhoven, Netherlands, assignors to North American Philips Company, Inc., New York, N.Y., a corporation of Delaware Filed July 18, 1958, Ser. No. 749,448 Claims priority, application Netherlands Lluly 24, 1957 2 Claims. (Cl. 62-42) The present invention relates to apparatus for vaporizing impurities contaminating liquid gas, for example acetylene contaminating liquid oxygen, more especially but not exclusively for use in gas-separating systems, comprising a wall which is adapted to be heated and on which a liquid is evaporated.
Such apparatus are known per se.
According to one prior proposal acetylene-contaminated liquid oxygen is drawn off from a fractionating column and fed through an atomizer to a separateheater where the liquid is evaporated by hot, gaseous oxygen.
Any liquid residue is collected into a heated tray and evaporated.
According to another prior proposal oxygen drawn 05 from a fractionating column and, for example, containinated by acetylene is fed in small quantities against a heated, fiat bottom of a vaporizer where it is evaporated by boiling on the plate, above which provision is made of a fairly large space with a narrowed supply duct for the liquid.
The present invention has for its object to provide an apparatus of the aforesaid type, without using overpressure for dispersion or a large chamber for boiling on a heated plate, while precluding any accumulation of acetylene.
In accordance with the invention, the heatable wall comprises recesses and elevations so as to permit individual and permanently individual drops of the liquid to be evaporated in the recesses or to jump over from one recess to the others.
Experiments have shown that, for example an oxide layer, actually having recesses and elevations and acting as a semiconductor with regard to the transfer of heat constitutes a particularly suitable vaporization surface for the liquids entering into account. Acetylene, for example, evaporates completely.
In a practicable form of the invention, the surface of the heatable wall consists of one or more layers of metal gauze, for example copper gauze. Excellent results are obtained when connecting, for example, three layers of gauze offset through an angle of, say, 45 relative to one another, by sintering or soldering to a massive metal, for example copper, substratum.
The vaporization surface according to the invention preferably constitutes entirely or partially the outer surface of a body having an outer surface converging towards the highest point, for example a cone or a ball cap. When using a cone, its vertical angle may have a value of the order of 120.
Particular attention has to be paid to supplying the liquid to be evaporated to such a body.
For example, in an advantageous form of the invention,
the body near its highest point co-acts with a distributor adapted for supplying liquid and having an upwardly converging outer surface, for example a conical surface or that of a ball cap, and which further meets at or near its highest point with a liquid supply duct projecting downwardly and comprising overhanging parts, for example teeth, at its lower edge.
A distributor of this type is described in US. patent application Serial No. 745,192, filed June 27, 1958, now abandoned.
In the device according to the present invention, its use is particularly advantageous.
In a further practical form of the invention, the liquid supply, for example from the distributor referred to, is directed towards a body having a smooth surface and so shaped, for example as a cone, that any liquid supplied to it is accelerated in flowing off, the stream of drops flowing ofi being directed towards the surface of the heatable wall provided with recesses and elevations.
In order that the invention may be readily carried into effect, an example will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying schematical drawing, which is a longitudinal section of one form.
Liquid oxygen, for example contaminated by acetylene, is passed through an aperture 1 of a mouth piece 2 in the direction of arrows p to a distributor 3 in the form of a cone provided with overhangs 4 at its lower edge 5.
This cone has a strong distributing effect without any overpressure. Drops accumulate from the projections 4 and fall on the smooth outer surface of a cone 6. The drops are accelerated along the surface of the cone is and jump over to the heated conical gauze surface 7. Its temperature amounts to C. to C.
The evaporating drops jump over from one mesh to the others. They flow together, thus avoiding accumulation of acetylene.
The vapours produced escape into chamber 9 and thence through pipes 55.
Such apparatus may, for example, be used at the bottom end of gas-fractionating columns.
What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus for evaporating impurities such as acetylene from liquid oxygen in a gas fractionating column comprising means for dispensing liquid oxygen, coneshaped wall forming an angle of and positioned beneath the outlet for said dispensing means, said liquid oxygen being adapted to flow over said cone-shaped wall, a chamber located adiacent to said cone-shaped Wall and in open communication therewith, an opening in said chamber to the atmosphere, means for heating said coneshaped Wall, the latter being constituted of a metal gauze whereby the Leydenfrost phenomenon occurs and all liquid thereon is evaporated and the acetylene gas therein is discharged to the atmosphere through the opening in said chamber, a smooth, cone-shaped element connecting opposite faces of said cone-shaped wall, and a conical distribution plate positioned on said cone-shaped element with its apex directly underneath the outlet of said dispensing means, the base of said conical distribution plate overhanging said cone-shaped element.
2. An apparatus for evaporating impurities such as acetylene from liquid oxygen in a fractionating column comprising means for dispensing liquid oxygen, a sloping wall beneath the outlet of said dispensing means and over which said liquid oxygen flows, a chamber located adjacent to said sloping Wall and in open communication therewith, an opening in the chamber to the atmosphere, means for heating said sloping W211, the latter being a metai gauze constituted of a metal oxide material whereby the Leydenfrost phenomenon occurs and all liquid thereon is evaporated and the acetylene gas therein is discharged to the atmosphere through tie opening in said chamber.
References Iited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS White Mar. 17, 1903 Anderson Ian. 28, 1913 Hanson Nov. 18, 192.4 Magnus Mar. 15, 1932 Frank June 19, 1934 Pape Dec. 11, 1955..
Claims (1)
- 2. AN APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING IMPURITIES SUCH AS ACETYLENE FROM LIQUID OXYGEN IN A GAS FRACTIONATING COLUMN COMPRISING MEANS FOR DISPENSING LIQUID OXYGEN, A
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL219304 | 1957-07-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3069863A true US3069863A (en) | 1962-12-25 |
Family
ID=19750939
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US749440A Expired - Lifetime US3069863A (en) | 1957-07-24 | 1958-07-18 | Apparatus for evaporating impurities contaminating liquid gas, for example acetylene contaminating liquid oxygen |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3069863A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE569679A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH368817A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1070658B (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1211465A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB885394A (en) |
| NL (2) | NL219304A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4438729A (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1984-03-27 | Halliburton Company | Flameless nitrogen skid unit |
| US5246541A (en) * | 1991-05-14 | 1993-09-21 | A. Ahlstrom Corporation | Evaporator for liquid solutions |
| US8945281B1 (en) * | 2014-01-30 | 2015-02-03 | Msp Corporation | Method and apparatus for vapor generation and wafer cleaning |
| EP3733938A4 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2021-04-14 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | DISPERSING DEVICES AND DE-FOAMING DEVICES EQUIPPED WITH THE SAID DEVICE |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108753460B (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2021-12-07 | 扬州工业职业技术学院 | Device for removing volatile components |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US723098A (en) * | 1901-01-29 | 1903-03-17 | Globe Iron Works | Cooling-tank for internal-combustion engines. |
| US1051661A (en) * | 1912-07-31 | 1913-01-28 | William Anderson | Air-cooler. |
| US1516187A (en) * | 1920-08-30 | 1924-11-18 | Standard Oil Co | Gas-absorbing apparatus |
| US1849496A (en) * | 1926-10-07 | 1932-03-15 | Magnus Hans | Apparatus for vacuum dehydration of hydrocarbons |
| US1963841A (en) * | 1931-07-24 | 1934-06-19 | American Oxythermic Corp | Cocurrent evaporator with counter-current condensation for fractional liquefaction |
| US2773555A (en) * | 1954-12-21 | 1956-12-11 | American Viscose Corp | Deaerators |
-
0
- NL NL97483D patent/NL97483C/xx active
- NL NL219304D patent/NL219304A/xx unknown
- DE DENDAT1070658D patent/DE1070658B/en active Pending
- BE BE569679D patent/BE569679A/xx unknown
-
1958
- 1958-07-18 US US749440A patent/US3069863A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1958-07-21 CH CH6200558A patent/CH368817A/en unknown
- 1958-07-21 GB GB23316/58A patent/GB885394A/en not_active Expired
- 1958-07-22 FR FR1211465D patent/FR1211465A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US723098A (en) * | 1901-01-29 | 1903-03-17 | Globe Iron Works | Cooling-tank for internal-combustion engines. |
| US1051661A (en) * | 1912-07-31 | 1913-01-28 | William Anderson | Air-cooler. |
| US1516187A (en) * | 1920-08-30 | 1924-11-18 | Standard Oil Co | Gas-absorbing apparatus |
| US1849496A (en) * | 1926-10-07 | 1932-03-15 | Magnus Hans | Apparatus for vacuum dehydration of hydrocarbons |
| US1963841A (en) * | 1931-07-24 | 1934-06-19 | American Oxythermic Corp | Cocurrent evaporator with counter-current condensation for fractional liquefaction |
| US2773555A (en) * | 1954-12-21 | 1956-12-11 | American Viscose Corp | Deaerators |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4438729A (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1984-03-27 | Halliburton Company | Flameless nitrogen skid unit |
| US5551242A (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1996-09-03 | Halliburton Company | Flameless nitrogen skid unit |
| US5246541A (en) * | 1991-05-14 | 1993-09-21 | A. Ahlstrom Corporation | Evaporator for liquid solutions |
| US8945281B1 (en) * | 2014-01-30 | 2015-02-03 | Msp Corporation | Method and apparatus for vapor generation and wafer cleaning |
| EP3733938A4 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2021-04-14 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | DISPERSING DEVICES AND DE-FOAMING DEVICES EQUIPPED WITH THE SAID DEVICE |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH368817A (en) | 1963-04-30 |
| DE1070658B (en) | 1959-12-10 |
| BE569679A (en) | |
| FR1211465A (en) | 1960-03-16 |
| NL97483C (en) | |
| GB885394A (en) | 1961-12-28 |
| NL219304A (en) |
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