US2996262A - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 15, 1961 J. c. HOLM CRUSHER Original Filed 001:. 31, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 2-1 4\ Fig.5. [1:].7. 00

A 95 ,0 f E f INVENTOR. I IJEIYS C- HOL/"I J. C. HOLM Aug. 15, 1961 CRUSHER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed Oct. 31, 1955 NEW llnited States CRUSHER lens C. Holm, Front Royal, Va., assign'or to Bath Iron fiorks Corporation, Bath, Maine, a corporation of ame Original application Oct. 31, 1955, Ser. No. 543,922, now Patent No. 2,873,920, dated Feb, 17, 1959. Divided and this application Dec. 11, 1958, Ser. Nb. 779,665 4 Claims. (Cl. 241-84) rotating at a high speed until the material is reduced to a given size.

Another object of the invention is to provide a crushing machine which discharges the reduced material of proper size'and recirculates the oversized material into the path of the high speed hammers.

A further object of the invention is to provide a crusher for reducing wet material;

A still further object of the invention is to provide a crushing machine for reducing frangible materials to fine particles and removing the particlesby an air stream.

Other and further objects will 'be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the drawings inwhich: a

' FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the crusher for producing fine particles;

FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of the crusher;

FIG. 3-is a sectional view taken along lines 3-3 of FIG. 1;

'FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of another embodiment of the rotor; FIG. 5 illustrates a portion of another embodiment of breaker bars comprising a double row .of the breaker bars;

, FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of the breaker bars with rectangular shape; and

FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of the breaker bars with an elliptical shape. l The crusher comprises a rotor 10 having a set of hammers 1-1 for hitting frangible material with impact blows,

sending it against the rotating breaker means or bars v12 encircling the rotor 10. A solid plate 77 exteriorly en- 'circles the breaker means androtates therewith to retain the frangible material within the breaker in cooperation with radially extending walls. The material is introduced into the crusher through an opening 14 between the breaker means 12 and the rotor 10 and is discharged as finely comminuted material through the discharge passage 79 in the tubular trunnion 76 supporting and rotating the breaker bars about the rotor.

The'rotor 10 is supported on the end of the shaft 34 .which is coupled to and driven by a prime mover such as an electric motor 16. The rotating hammers 11, subscribing a hammercircle having a diameter A (FIG. 2), have surfaces substantially radial to the shaft 34 and extending longitudinally to the axis for hitting material dropped in the crusher. The hammers are of the replaceable type and are secured in fixed position. As shown in FIG. 2, the hammers are adapted to rotate in one direction. Hammers may be provided striking surfaces on both sides so that the direction of rotation of the rotor may be reversed.

the chamber 13.

2,996,262 Patented Aug. 15, 1961 ,s we

2 This is illustrated in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 in which the hammers 11 have faces 11a, 11b on opposite sides and are pivotally mounted on the rotor.

The breaker means or bars 12 are spaced a distance B from the hammercircle, FIG. 2, and extend longitudinally to the hammers 11 to form breaker surfaces facing the hammers to receive the projected material. The bars 12 are uniformly spaced to provide spaces 17 having a width E for passing material therethrough.

The breaker bars 12 are equally spaced from the rotor 10. The breaker bars 12 are rigidly secured to a supporting means comprising a flat, circular mounting plate 18 welded or otherwise fastened to the end of the trunnion 76 and having radially extending support beams 19 stiffening the plate 18 and rigidly securing the plate 18 to the trunnion 76. The breaker bars 12 are preferably cylindrical in shape with a longitudinal bore 20 extending therethrough. Each of the bars is secured to the mounting plate 18 by means of a long bolt or threaded shaft 12a extending through an opening in the plate 18 and the bore 20 of the respective bar and threading into the rim 21 positioned at the other end of the bar 12. Supports 21a are peripherally arranged securing the rim 21 to the plate 18 along the outer edge. The rim is thus securely held :to the plate .18 by the bolts 12a, supports 21a and plate 77. The rim has an inner circular edge 22 forming a circular opening with the circular lining on the rotor 10. The bars have a diameter D and the holes or openings 23 are spaced so that the surfaces of the bars are spaced the distance E through which material may readily pass to the chamber 13 and back into the crushing chamber or zone.

The trunnion 76 is tubular in shape and has an inner cylindrical wall 80 forming the discharge passage 79 and has an outer surface 81 forming a journal fitting in the bearing 82. A helical conveyer 86 is mounted on the Wall 80'a nd rotates, as indicated by arrow A, to return oversized material entering the passage 79 to the comminuting zone. Recessed in the passage 79 from the discharge opening' is an impact plate 83 supported by spaced struts 84 to provide openings 85 through which the pulverized material passes. Oversized material projected into the passage 79 hits the impact plate and drops onto the surface to be returned by the conveyer S6. The outer end of the trunnion 76 is coupled to a conduit 87 by means of the flanges 88 and 89 and bolts 90. The conduit 87 is connected to the suction means (not shown).

" The bars 12 instead of being cylindrical may be shaped facing the hammers 11, FIG. 7.

The plate 77 is secured to the outer edge of the sup porting plate 18 and flange 21. The reduced material passes through the space between the bars and drops into The material passing between the breaker bars collects on the curved plate 77 and is carried up to the top of the breaker by a grated scoop 26 positioned between a breaker bar and the plate 77 and dropped into the path of the rotor hammers for further, fragmentation. The scoop is formed by a row of spaced bars 26a extending between one of the breaker bars and the plate 77. The bars 260 are rigidly secured to the bars 12. The scoop bars are set at an angle to a radial line so that material is picked up and passed through the breaker bars and carried upwardly above the rotor 10. The angle of the scoop to a radial line is such as to carry the material over the rotor before it is passed from chamber 13 between the bars into the crushing zone. A single scoop is shown but :a plurality of scoops may be provided to produce a substantially even flow of material from the chamber.

The breaker means 12, the plate 77 and the trunnion 76 3, are rotatably mounted in the bearing 82 which is axially aligned with the shaft 34. The casing 27 has sides 35, 36 extending between the end walls 37 and 38. The end e s a e suppo by pill 3. an wh ch ar s eutey etnbedti t n a herete 4 A sta Italy ehr et wall 48 n s fro e d wall 37 to t 11/ as and underne t he rot tin plate 7 T e e s be tend. a o t e d all an 35 and have upper semiircu a ed e 4. The ten of the e s hahes co ers 44, 45 pivbtell meuhted to the tee ed e bit the end ls 3 g 1 5 for epen h the the oi the basi s to inspect the comminuting members and se ling by r s in o h d s 2 4 he .7 1.4 is pr de in t ell 3: to permit the iel fr m h feed ehu e in o the e tmi hs m hbets i he as 2 Ihe ope in 1 seesabem te '6- h IQ I and bars are thehhtetl sit a trsthe 52 s e bly mo t on a pair at ti ted rubbers '5 seeh d to he a Thus'; the rotor 0 ah the tesi tan plate 47 m y be en eh t y withdrawn item t crushe o pe t on and rep it? t at at we e heatmers or parts. Th fr me 2 i 19. ted in hesitien 9n the ary 53 by bolts 54 tit iit hrough boss 5 d u 56 on the heme and runn s, respe lyh tr n on 76 a flan es 57, 53 betw eh whieh he rin 82 i p s i n d- The bearing 5 upportsthe runn on 6 in xi l alighhteht with the rotor shatt 4, and e a ge 7 r stri the axial meyehteht of the ru nion 76 to a he bearing @2 has flehses .0 d 61 engaging e flang s 5- 58 Oh the t hha eh The trunnion 76 is rned by of a ea 92 .d a m h g i l ed to the flange 164 whteh i gi y ee e t the tr nnion 76- The Worth 1 is dri e y n l tric. me er or other sui able power sbt tee (no shown) y means of sha t .91 The bea n 82 and ge 92 nd worth 91 ar s a d n the ea ihg -94 Ah i seal 95 s pr i d n e trhhh eh 6 hr the easing 1 to exclude u t a o her abrasiv material it nterin h eh 'bet- The bearin #32 i aliena ed en the base 71 which is in n upported by the b e 1 he trunnion 76 and shaft 3 re h ld treat ment and in axial alignment digging oper. The breaker m an 12 s ta ed s owly by mea s at the g 92 and worm 91. The rotor 10 is lim ted at a rate of speed SH.

The rotor may have pivoted hammers BIG. 4 and the fixed hammersmhy have s I faces 11a, 11b back to back so that the rotor may be reversed in direction. The breaker bars 12 and thereto; 10 are preferably driven in the same direction the sho e I rotor 10 turning at a high speed. The breaker bars 12 are rotated at a substantially slower speed SL to the oversize material to the top of the crashing zone. The rotor 10 and the breaker bar-s12 may be rotated in. he sam ire t on SHR or i opp si d re t hst The bars may be elliptical in shape as illustrated by bars in FIG. 7 to form convex elliptical breaker surfaces facing the rotor 10. Also instead of a single row of breaker bars, a double row of breaker bars 96 and 99, FIG. 5, may be provided the spaces between the bars being of a sufiicient width to pass material having a size bi the en er n material- The be s 96 atttl. 99 th y be a ahseel in s pa ate inn r and enter eehee ttie e The material may be picked up by the scoop or scoops 26 and dropped back through the" spaces into the rotor. The ma eria it by t e hamme pas s b w he ar of the first row and strikes the second row of bars.

The material that is initially hit by the hammers against the breaker means hey. ht the embodiment d seti and illustrated, either pass between the after reductiers nd. be barrier! up t t e t n oi the e t sh r fr it th y be dr ppe hate the iet r ag n r the versize lll lil'ilr ins e d bi Pa sing h, ugh the bats; they collect in the bottom of the "breaker means and be um led therein eeeh-nthl h tutti! ther i a sh iei atheuht so hat he hammers engage he mate ial tuttibling on top of this accumulated pile. The will hese top pi e s to further edhee hem. T breaker ars ma carry of the hieees between them ve the t p f he. brushin zone the dr p t e Piee s into the rotor.

This material tumbl ng in the be teth at h break .s as is s in .t epihs th breaker bets e ea t when we sticky materi is t d. e the emsher- The ont ua etation of the breaker bars and the rubbing of the bars by the aeebthbleteti. materiel maintain the bars substan ially free of foreign matter so that the mpact snrfaees remain herd- The sn eihg B will depend been the s eed o rht-eti h of he b e he ht ah ta ent; he peed o rotation of he 11: The gr ate he speed the der he sit ih B may e- The diame er ef the tet t 0 ahdthe distance B will depend upon the material to be crushed, the peed o r tation ester 1th and the i et t entering material.

In G! 1 the seli t p ate 7 retains the ma e ie with the t tih ihethb rs an ble m terial is. introduced into the crusher and retained within the rotating members until reduced to fine particles that are removed from the crusher by a stream of air entering through the opening L4 and leaving the chamber through the passage formed by the tubular trunnion 76. The air is drawn out by suction means such as a fan (not shown), and the particle laden stream passes through a cyclone separator (not shown) to clear the air of the particles and collect them at the bottom of the separator.

Various modifications and changes may be made in the crusher without departing from the invention as set te h n h ppe d aims'i I claim: V

t- A usher to phl erisihg trahsible material to bee airborne Par i le eethp i hs a rotor ha n hammers. breaker ba s ei e htte eht arreheed a und sa d eter and radia y spa ed f om s he hth s t te i e said m erial by imp a tu ules rhhn eh ha ing a l hait dihat dis har e pa sa e herethrbuah axial ali ne with said rotor, a mou ting plate. secured to said trunni n or supporting said breaker means, a curved plate circume ferentially positioned and radially spaced outwardly from said breaker bars and enclosing said breaker bars in cooperation with said mounting plate, a flange extending radially inwardly from said curved plate on the opposite side of said breaker from said mounting plate and form ng n ope ing th e o e p rt 'eibe e the or nd tee me t r P ssing fran ible tha etiet thr u sai openin to said rusher abe ie said 92m, means be we n sa e er mean and said e r e p ate to return ma e i l thr ugh s id here redhe hs sai theterial to fine particles for withdrawal as a suspension through said trunnion.

2. A crusher as claimed in claim 1 wherein said breaker bars are cylindrical in shape.

3. A crusher 'as claimed in claim 1 wherein a feed opening for introducing material into said crusher is positioned at the side of said crusher and within the periphery of said breaker means.

4. A crusher as claimed in claim 1 wherein said breaker means comprises two concentric rows of cylindrical breaker bars with the bars of the outer row spaced outwardly from the space between two bars of the inner row and each outer bar spaced from said inner adjacent bars a distance for returning the oversize pieces into the path of the rotating hammers.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

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