US2990333A - Gelatin capsule with nu-alkyl amide, for aqueous vehicles - Google Patents
Gelatin capsule with nu-alkyl amide, for aqueous vehicles Download PDFInfo
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- US2990333A US2990333A US823289A US82328959A US2990333A US 2990333 A US2990333 A US 2990333A US 823289 A US823289 A US 823289A US 82328959 A US82328959 A US 82328959A US 2990333 A US2990333 A US 2990333A
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- capsules
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- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000008135 aqueous vehicle Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008136 water-miscible vehicle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- -1 alkyl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000007901 soft capsule Substances 0.000 description 8
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical group CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007902 hard capsule Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YJQPYGGHQPGBLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Novobiocin Natural products O1C(C)(C)C(OC)C(OC(N)=O)C(O)C1OC1=CC=C(C(O)=C(NC(=O)C=2C=C(CC=C(C)C)C(O)=CC=2)C(=O)O2)C2=C1C YJQPYGGHQPGBLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- YJQPYGGHQPGBLI-KGSXXDOSSA-N novobiocin Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC(N)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1OC1=CC=C(C(O)=C(NC(=O)C=2C=C(CC=C(C)C)C(O)=CC=2)C(=O)O2)C2=C1C YJQPYGGHQPGBLI-KGSXXDOSSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229960002950 novobiocin Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 description 4
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930003270 Vitamin B Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 description 3
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000000412 Avitaminosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 244000248349 Citrus limon Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nicotinamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010047627 Vitamin deficiencies Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021579 juice concentrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006066 Comins reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUAKHGWARZSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N‐diethylformamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C=O SUAKHGWARZSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHLUUHNLEMFGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylacetamide Chemical compound CNC(C)=O OHLUUHNLEMFGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 description 1
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WWHZEXDIQCJXSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihypochlorite Chemical compound [Al+3].Cl[O-].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] WWHZEXDIQCJXSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001166 anti-perspirative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003213 antiperspirant Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000019423 liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- MBHINSULENHCMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpropanamide Chemical compound CCC(=O)N(C)C MBHINSULENHCMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGDNHIJGIWHQBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-n-methylacetamide Chemical compound CCN(C)C(C)=O MGDNHIJGIWHQBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KERBAAIBDHEFDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylformamide Chemical compound CCNC=O KERBAAIBDHEFDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003966 nicotinamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000005152 nicotinamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011570 nicotinamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/4841—Filling excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/4858—Organic compounds
Definitions
- both hard and soft capsules will break down during the encapsulation process. If the capsules do survive this process, storage after manufacture results in softening of the capsules, the appearance of small holes at the point of any contact between water and the gelatin shell of the capsule,
- the encapsulated components must normally become dissolved in the aqueous medium in the gastro-intestinal tract before absorption can take place.
- the components in oily vehicles must be leached away from the oil by the aqueous medium before the absorption can occur.
- the use of oily vehicles in which many of the components to be encapsulated are insoluble greatly hampers the practical manufacture of filled gela- 'tin capsules.
- Many components must be encapsulated in larger capsules than would be necessary if a waterrniscible vehicle with no adverse elfects on gelatin were j available. It has been found also that some oily vehicles, particularly those carrying suspended components, are
- R and R are members of'the class consisting of hydrogen anl alkyl radicals containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive, and R is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive.
- the vehicle is inert to gelatin, is water-miscible, and possesses superior solubilizing and dispersing action on a wide variety of components. Since the vehicle inhibits the action of water and hygroscopic substances on gelatin, both water and hydroscopic substances, in addition to other components, can be carried inthe vehicle.
- the present invention obviates the use of oily vehicles as' carriers for components to be encapsulated. Moreover, the capsule of the present invention provides ready dispersion of the encapsulated components upon contact of the capsule with an aqueous medium.
- the inventive capsule encloses a vehicle containing a compound of the formula wherein R and R are members of the class consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive, and R is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive.
- the preferred amide is N,N-dimethylacetamide.
- Other amides of the class are, for example, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-N-diethylaceta-mide, N,N-dimethylpropionamide, N-methylacetamide and N-ethylformamide.
- the said vehicle is practically inert to gelatin. Further, itinhibits the action of hygroscopic components or substantiall amounts of water on gelatin capsules.
- the afiinity of any Water present in the gelatin, in the diluted vehicle, or in the encapsulated components, for the ve hicle is much greater than for the capsule.
- the capsule is protected from solution in, or softening by the water, so that the capsule retains its shape during processing and its acceptable characteristics subsequent to manufacturing.
- the Water-miscible nature of the vehicle furthers ready dispersion and solution in water of the encapsulated components.
- the components are dissolved, suspended or emulsified in the vehicle by conventional means prior to encapsulation into the gelatin capsules.
- Encapsulation into the gelatin shells is carried out by means and methods known in the art. In the case of hard capsules, the known techniques for sealing the fitted body and cap can be utilized.
- the dispersing and solubilizing properties of the vehicle of the invention are such that the vehicle can be used for the encapsulation of both liquid and solid components.
- the vehicle Will dissolve both water-soluble and water-insoluble components.
- flavors, perfumes, essences, foaming agents, surfactants, cosmetics, food products, vitamins and medicinals can be encapsulated by utilizing said vehicle.
- Hard gelatin capsules and soft gelatin capsules were exposed to the action of a vehicle containing N,N-di-- of the choline chloride.
- the choline chloride is mixed with the water and the mixture stirred into the amide.
- the wholei is encapsulated by the usual techniques into 6.75 minim soft capsules. Each capsule encloses approximately 200 mg.
- the finished capsules .do not soften or leak.
- the capsules are used in liver disorders such as. fatty degeneration.
- the solution is made up to volume with the amide and "encapsulated by theusuail techniques into 16 minum'soft TABLE I 25 C. stability of gelatin capsules in vehicle containing N,N-dimethylacetamide Percent of Water in the Vehicle Hard Capsules 'Stable Stable..- Stable... Stable. Stable 'So1l;ens24 s. Soft Capsules Softens.-- Partially TDissclves- Dissblves- Dissolves. 96 hrs. 48 hrs.
- the wellmixed ingredients are encapsulated by the usual techniques into soft capsules.
- the sealed finished capsules do not soften Or leak. They are used in'the oral treatment of vitamin deficiencies.
- the well mixed ingredients are encapsulated by the usual techniques into hard capsules.
- the sealed finished capsules do not soften or leak. They are used in the oral tme t Of Vitamin deficiencies.
- Novobiocin gms 700 Purified water, U.S.P. mls 100 N,N-dimethylacetamide, q.s. ad mls 1000 A dispersion of the novobiocin in the water is prepared and made up to volume with the acetarnide. Each sealed finished capsule contains 100 mgs. of the novobiocin. The finished capsules do not soften or leak. The capsules are used orally in the treatment of staphylococcic infections.
- a sealed gelatin capsule enclosing a liquid watermiscible vehicle containing a water-miscible amide of the formula wherein R and R are members of the class consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive, and R is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive.
- a sealed hard gelatin capsule enclosing a liquid water-miscible vehicle containing up to about 30 percent water based on the volume of said vehicle and a watermiscible amide of the formula wherein R and R are members of the class consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive, and R is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive.
- a sealed soft gelatin capsule enclosing a vehicle containing up to about 5 percent water based on the volume of said vehicle and a water-miscible amide of the formula 0 R R-( lN RI wherein R and R are members of the class consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive, and R is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Description
United States Patent 2,990,333 GELATIN CAPSULE WITH N-ALKYL AMIDE, FOR AQUEOUS VEHICLES Dean M. Graham, Summit, N.J., assignor to The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Mich., a corporationof Delaware No Drawing. Filed June 29, 1959, Ser. No. 823,289 9 Claims. (Cl. 167-83) soft (plasticized) capsules and hard (unplasticized) capsules is well recognized. Soft gelatin capsules are onepiece sealed capsules enclosing the encapsulated components. They are made in various shapes and sizes. Hard gelatin capsules are usually composed of two parts, a cap and a body which are fitted together after the body has been filled with an appropriate component or components.
They are also made in a wide variety of sizes. Both soft capsules and hard capsules can enclose a wide variety of components. I The inherent mutual affim'ty of water and gelatin has resulted in serious difiiculties in the art of encapsulating components into either soft or hard capsules. Special precautions are required to keep the water content in said components and in any accompanying vehicle at the minimum. Otherwise the water exerts deleterious effects on the gelatin. In the case of soft capsules, water-immiscible oils are widely used as vehicles for the components to be encapsulated. In the case of hard capsules, the materials to be encapsulated must be dried to a minimum content of water prior to encapsulation. If special precautions to exclude water from the vehicle and the components are not followed carefully, both hard and soft capsules will break down during the encapsulation process. If the capsules do survive this process, storage after manufacture results in softening of the capsules, the appearance of small holes at the point of any contact between water and the gelatin shell of the capsule,
the gradual loss of the acceptable elegant character of the capsules and even loss of the encapsulated comin the use of soft capsules enclosing water-soluble components. Since oily vehicles are customarily used to carry the components, ready dispersion and solution of l the said components does not occur in aqueous media due to retarding of dispersion by the oil.
For example, after the oral ingestion of gelatin capsules for therapeutic purposes, the encapsulated components must normally become dissolved in the aqueous medium in the gastro-intestinal tract before absorption can take place. The components in oily vehicles must be leached away from the oil by the aqueous medium before the absorption can occur. Moreover, the use of oily vehicles in which many of the components to be encapsulated are insoluble greatly hampers the practical manufacture of filled gela- 'tin capsules. Many components must be encapsulated in larger capsules than would be necessary if a waterrniscible vehicle with no adverse elfects on gelatin were j available. It has been found also that some oily vehicles, particularly those carrying suspended components, are
very diificult to encapsulate because of high viscosity.
2,990,333 Patented June 27, 1961 Fee wherein R and R are members of'the class consisting of hydrogen anl alkyl radicals containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive, and R is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive. The vehicle is inert to gelatin, is water-miscible, and possesses superior solubilizing and dispersing action on a wide variety of components. Since the vehicle inhibits the action of water and hygroscopic substances on gelatin, both water and hydroscopic substances, in addition to other components, can be carried inthe vehicle.
- The present invention obviates the use of oily vehicles as' carriers for components to be encapsulated. Moreover, the capsule of the present invention provides ready dispersion of the encapsulated components upon contact of the capsule with an aqueous medium.
The inventive capsule encloses a vehicle containing a compound of the formula wherein R and R are members of the class consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive, and R is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive.
The preferred amide is N,N-dimethylacetamide. Other amides of the class are, for example, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-N-diethylaceta-mide, N,N-dimethylpropionamide, N-methylacetamide and N-ethylformamide.
The said vehicle is practically inert to gelatin. Further, itinhibits the action of hygroscopic components or substantiall amounts of water on gelatin capsules. The afiinity of any Water present in the gelatin, in the diluted vehicle, or in the encapsulated components, for the ve hicle is much greater than for the capsule. Thus, the capsule is protected from solution in, or softening by the water, so that the capsule retains its shape during processing and its acceptable characteristics subsequent to manufacturing. Moreover, the Water-miscible nature of the vehicle furthers ready dispersion and solution in water of the encapsulated components.
The components are dissolved, suspended or emulsified in the vehicle by conventional means prior to encapsulation into the gelatin capsules. Encapsulation into the gelatin shells is carried out by means and methods known in the art. In the case of hard capsules, the known techniques for sealing the fitted body and cap can be utilized.
The dispersing and solubilizing properties of the vehicle of the invention are such that the vehicle can be used for the encapsulation of both liquid and solid components. The vehicle Will dissolve both water-soluble and water-insoluble components. For example, flavors, perfumes, essences, foaming agents, surfactants, cosmetics, food products, vitamins and medicinals can be encapsulated by utilizing said vehicle.
Hard gelatin capsules and soft gelatin capsules were exposed to the action of a vehicle containing N,N-di-- of the choline chloride.
These :data indicate that as much as thirty percent water does not adversely affect hard gelatin capsules, in the presence of the N,N-dimethylacetamide. In thecaseof .soft elastic capsules, as much as five percent water can be present without adverse effects.
The. following-examples set forth the best mode contemplated by'the inventor of carryingout his invention butare not to .be construed as limiting'the invention.
EXAMPLE '1 Soft gelatin capsules enclosing a vehicle containing. aqueous lemon juice concentrate are prepared as follows:
Mls. Aqueous lemon juice concentrate 50 N,N-'dimethylacetamide 950 EXAMPLE 2 Soft gelatin capsules enclosing'a vehicle containing choline chloride are prepared as follows:
Choline chloride gms.. 500 Purified water, U.S.P mls 40 .Nemethylacetamide, q.s. ad mls 1000 The choline chloride is mixed with the water and the mixture stirred into the amide. The wholeiis encapsulated by the usual techniques into 6.75 minim soft capsules. Each capsule encloses approximately 200 mg. The finished capsules .do not soften or leak. The capsules are used in liver disorders such as. fatty degeneration.
EXAMPLE 3 Soft gelatin capsules enclosing a vehicle containing novobiocin are prepared as follows:
Novobiocin gms 700 Purified water, U.S.P l1'l'1S N,N-dimethylacetamide, q.s. ad mls 1000 -A solution of the novobiocinin the water and amide is prepared and encapsulated by the usual techniques EXAMPLE 4 Soft gelatin capsules enclosing a vehicle containing an 'antiperspirant are prepared as'followsz Aluminum .chlorhydroxide complex -gms 20 Purified water, U.S.P mls 50 N,N-diethylformamide, q.s. .ad mls 1000 The aluminum chlorhydroxide is dissolved in the water.
The solution is made up to volume with the amide and "encapsulated by theusuail techniques into 16 minum'soft TABLE I 25 C. stability of gelatin capsules in vehicle containing N,N-dimethylacetamide Percent of Water in the Vehicle Hard Capsules 'Stable Stable..- Stable... Stable. Stable 'So1l;ens24 s. Soft Capsules Softens.-- Partially TDissclves- Dissblves- Dissolves. 96 hrs. 48 hrs.
' capsules provided with a tip. The finished capsules do EXAMPLE 5 Sealedsoft gelatin capsules enclosing a vehicle containing a vitamin mixture are prepared as follows:
Nicotinamide gms I 2 Vitamin B hy'drochloride mgs 50 D-calcium pantothenate mgs '700 VitamirbB; hydrochloride mgs "300 Vitamin C gms 5 Vitamin B mgs -2'50 -Folic arid mgs 25 Vitamin B -mg 0.250 Ethanol mgs 39 Vitamin A ;units 500,000 Vitamin D do 50,000
The wellmixed ingredients are encapsulated by the usual techniques into soft capsules. The sealed finished capsules do not soften Or leak. They are used in'the oral treatment of vitamin deficiencies.
N-methyl-N-ethylacetamide, q.s. -ad -minims EXAMPLE 6 7 Sealed hard gelatin capsules enclosing avehicle 'containing a detergent are prepared as follows:
Sodium lauryl sulfate gms 5 Purified water, U.S.P mls. 30 N,N-dimethylacetamide, q.s. ad mls 100 A solution of the sodium lauryl sulfatein the water is prepared and made up to volume with the acetamide. The whole is encapsulated by the usual techniques into hard gelatin capsules which are then-sealed. The finished capsules do not soften or leak. At the time of use the capsules are placed in water wherein rupture of thegelatin and dispersion of the capsule contents occur readily.
EXAMPLE 7 Sealed hard gelatin capsules enclosing a vehicle containing a vitamin mixture are'preparecl as follows:
The well mixed ingredients are encapsulated by the usual techniques into hard capsules. The sealed finished capsules do not soften or leak. They are used in the oral tme t Of Vitamin deficiencies.
EXAMPLE 8 Sealed hard gelatin capsules enclosing a vehicle containing a medicinal component are prepared as follows:
Novobiocin gms 700 Purified water, U.S.P. mls 100 N,N-dimethylacetamide, q.s. ad mls 1000 A dispersion of the novobiocin in the water is prepared and made up to volume with the acetarnide. Each sealed finished capsule contains 100 mgs. of the novobiocin. The finished capsules do not soften or leak. The capsules are used orally in the treatment of staphylococcic infections.
It is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the exact details of operation or exact compositions shown and described herein as obvious modifications and equivalents will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the invention is therefore to be limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
l. A sealed gelatin capsule enclosing a liquid watermiscible vehicle containing a water-miscible amide of the formula wherein R and R are members of the class consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive, and R is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive.
2. The capsule of claim 1 wherein the vehicle contains in addition a medicinal component.
3. The capsule of claim 1 wherein the vehicle contains in addition a vitamin component.
4. A sealed hard gelatin capsule enclosing a liquid water-miscible vehicle containing up to about 30 percent water based on the volume of said vehicle and a watermiscible amide of the formula wherein R and R are members of the class consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive, and R is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive.
5. The capsule of claim 4 wherein the vehicle contains in addition a medicinal component.
6. The capsule of claim 4 wherein the vehicle contains in addition a vitamin component.
7. A sealed soft gelatin capsule enclosing a vehicle containing up to about 5 percent water based on the volume of said vehicle and a water-miscible amide of the formula 0 R R-( lN RI wherein R and R are members of the class consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive, and R is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 2 carbon atoms, inclusive.
8. The capsule of claim 7 wherein the vehicle contains in addition a medicinal component.
9. The capsule of claim 7 wherein the vehicle contains in addition a vitamin component.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,667,268 Grifi'in Jan. 26, 1954- FOREIGN PATENTS 553,398 Canada Feb. 18, 1958 OTHER REFERENCES Chemistry and Industry article, Sept. 17, 1955, p. 1183.
Claims (1)
1. A SEALED GELATIN CAPSULE ENCLOSING A LIQUID WATERMISCIBLE VEHICLE CONTAINING A WATER-MISCIBLE AMIDE OF THE FORMULA
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US823289A US2990333A (en) | 1959-06-29 | 1959-06-29 | Gelatin capsule with nu-alkyl amide, for aqueous vehicles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US823289A US2990333A (en) | 1959-06-29 | 1959-06-29 | Gelatin capsule with nu-alkyl amide, for aqueous vehicles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2990333A true US2990333A (en) | 1961-06-27 |
Family
ID=25238327
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US823289A Expired - Lifetime US2990333A (en) | 1959-06-29 | 1959-06-29 | Gelatin capsule with nu-alkyl amide, for aqueous vehicles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2990333A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3068145A (en) * | 1958-06-17 | 1962-12-11 | Upjohn Co | Topical pharmaceutical formulations containing n, n-dimethylacetamide as an anti-inflammatory ingredient |
| US3499961A (en) * | 1963-12-09 | 1970-03-10 | Crown Zellerbach Corp | Dimethyl sulfoxide-enhanced astringent aluminum,zinc or zirconium antiperspirant salt cosmetics |
| US3516943A (en) * | 1966-12-06 | 1970-06-23 | Ncr Co | Replacement of capsule contents by diffusion |
| FR2204401A1 (en) * | 1972-11-01 | 1974-05-24 | Meiji Seika Co | |
| US4067960A (en) * | 1975-06-20 | 1978-01-10 | R. P. Scherer Limited | Pharmaceutical compositions containing cardiac glycoside |
| US4126439A (en) * | 1977-08-01 | 1978-11-21 | Stekoll Marion H | Encapsulated fertilizer |
| WO1985003439A1 (en) * | 1984-02-08 | 1985-08-15 | R.P. Scherer Corporation | Acetaminophen gelatin capsule providing rapid onset of therapeutic activity upon oral administration |
| US4795643A (en) * | 1987-02-02 | 1989-01-03 | Mepha Ag Dornacherstrasse 114 | Medicament with a delayed release of active ingredient |
| US6204223B1 (en) * | 1996-01-30 | 2001-03-20 | Zeneca Limited | Packaged agrochemical composition |
| US20080039422A1 (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2008-02-14 | Transition Therapeutics Inc. | Vitamin B12-Containing Compositions and Methods of Use |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2667268A (en) * | 1951-03-22 | 1954-01-26 | Atlas Powder Co | Aqueous solution inert to gelatin |
| CA553398A (en) * | 1958-02-18 | T. Palermo Blasey | Gelatin capsule containing water soluble substances |
-
1959
- 1959-06-29 US US823289A patent/US2990333A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA553398A (en) * | 1958-02-18 | T. Palermo Blasey | Gelatin capsule containing water soluble substances | |
| US2667268A (en) * | 1951-03-22 | 1954-01-26 | Atlas Powder Co | Aqueous solution inert to gelatin |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3068145A (en) * | 1958-06-17 | 1962-12-11 | Upjohn Co | Topical pharmaceutical formulations containing n, n-dimethylacetamide as an anti-inflammatory ingredient |
| US3499961A (en) * | 1963-12-09 | 1970-03-10 | Crown Zellerbach Corp | Dimethyl sulfoxide-enhanced astringent aluminum,zinc or zirconium antiperspirant salt cosmetics |
| US3516943A (en) * | 1966-12-06 | 1970-06-23 | Ncr Co | Replacement of capsule contents by diffusion |
| FR2204401A1 (en) * | 1972-11-01 | 1974-05-24 | Meiji Seika Co | |
| US3943238A (en) * | 1972-11-01 | 1976-03-09 | Meija Seika Co., Ltd. | Method for the preparation of medicinal capsules |
| US4067960A (en) * | 1975-06-20 | 1978-01-10 | R. P. Scherer Limited | Pharmaceutical compositions containing cardiac glycoside |
| US4126439A (en) * | 1977-08-01 | 1978-11-21 | Stekoll Marion H | Encapsulated fertilizer |
| WO1985003439A1 (en) * | 1984-02-08 | 1985-08-15 | R.P. Scherer Corporation | Acetaminophen gelatin capsule providing rapid onset of therapeutic activity upon oral administration |
| US4795643A (en) * | 1987-02-02 | 1989-01-03 | Mepha Ag Dornacherstrasse 114 | Medicament with a delayed release of active ingredient |
| US6204223B1 (en) * | 1996-01-30 | 2001-03-20 | Zeneca Limited | Packaged agrochemical composition |
| US20080039422A1 (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2008-02-14 | Transition Therapeutics Inc. | Vitamin B12-Containing Compositions and Methods of Use |
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