US2940837A - Etching bath for corrosion and heat resistant alloys and process of etching - Google Patents
Etching bath for corrosion and heat resistant alloys and process of etching Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2940837A US2940837A US631395A US63139556A US2940837A US 2940837 A US2940837 A US 2940837A US 631395 A US631395 A US 631395A US 63139556 A US63139556 A US 63139556A US 2940837 A US2940837 A US 2940837A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- etching
- corrosion
- heat resistant
- bath
- wetting agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- -1 sodium alkyl sulfate Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940092738 beeswax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000394 mitotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/28—Acidic compositions for etching iron group metals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel and improved etching or mordant composition especially useful in connection with high-alloy corrosion and heat resistant steels and a process of etching or chemical-milling such metals.
- the invention consists in the novel compositions, processes, steps and improvements herein shown and described.
- the present invention has for its object the provision of a novel and improved process for the etching or chemical-milling of corrosion and heat resistant steels.
- a further object is the provision of a novel and improved mordant composition which acts rapidly on the corrosion and heat resistant steel and which does not cause any substantial embrittlement of the metal or alloy.
- Still another object is the provision of a novel and improved mordant and process for use with corrosion and heat resistant steels which acts rapidly on the steels, and leaves the etched steel with an excellent surface finish.
- the mordant comprises an aqueous solution of concentrated hydrochloric and nitric acids, in certain proportions together with ferric chloride and a surface active, wetting agent which is relatively stable in the acid solution.
- This mordant may be used with suitable resists, such as resinous resists or bees-wax, for the chemical-milling or etching or a wide variety of corrosion and heat resistant steels, the etching or chemical-milling being controlled by means of a suitable resist or stopping-out material.
- Nitric acid content 9 /&% to 16%, preferably 12%.
- Ferric chloride (6H O) 0.15% to 1.0%, preferably /2%.
- Such a bath is conveniently prepared by adding from four to eight parts by volume (preferably five parts) of concentrated (33%) hydrochloric acid to one part by volume of concentrated (69%) nitric acid, mixing, and adding to each liter of the mixed acids from about onehalf to two ounces avdp. (preferably about 2 oz.) of
- Petrowet W.N. is a sodium alkyl sulfate.
- Etching baths of the kind described which contain less than about 4 parts by volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid for each volume of concentrated nitric acid work too fast, and 5 parts of hydrochloric acid for one volume of nitric acid gives a superior surface finish to the etched parts than the 4 to 1 ratio bath.
- the mordant or etching baths of the present invention are primarily for use in the etching or chemical milling of the corrosion and heat resistant steel designated as A.M.S. 5525 having the following approximate analysis:
- the mordant Cromium 15 or etching bath comprises an aqueous solution of certain Nickel 25 proportions of concentrated hydrochloric acid, concen- Molybdenum 1.3 trated nitnc acid, ferric chloride and a wetting agent, Vanadium 0.3 preferably a sulfated fatty alcohol or a sodium alkyl 5111- Titanium 2.0 fate, which is relatively stable in the mordant and is not Aluminum 0.2 rapidly decomposed by the nitric and hydrochloric acids Carbon 0.08 present in the mordant bath.
- the preferred mordant or etching bath of the present has also been found to be useful in connection with Cb -AMS Fe 0 Mn st P s Cr N1 M0 Al Cu 811 and v 0' Ti 5504- .15 1.00 1.00 .04 .03 11513.5 .75 .50 1 05 .50 1 05 5512-.-. .08 2.00 .50-1.00 .04 .03 .00 5521- .0a 2.00 .75 .01 .0a 5524- .08 2.00 1.00 .04 .03 5616....
- the corrosion and heat resistant steel to be etched or chemical-milled may be in the form of sheet, finished parts, forgings or castings, and these parts are provided with the surface coating of impervious material in those areas which are not to be etched, after which the alloy or metal is immersed in, or sprayed with, the mordant for a suflicient period of time to remove the desired amount of metal.
- the etching may be carried out at room or at an elevated temperature, and during the etching process,'the hydrogen evolved is rapidly removed from the surface of the metal or alloy.
- the chemical-milled pieces have a bright, clean surface which is relatively smooth, only slightly matted.
- the bath is preferably replaced by a new bath.
- An etching bath for corrosion and heat resistant steel consisting essentially of by weight an aqueous solution of from 25% to 30%% of hydrochloric acid, from 9 /2.% to 16% of nitric acid, from 0.15% to 1% of ferric chloride and from 0.0015% to 0.08% of a wetting agent stable in the presence of nitric and hydrochloric acids.
- An etching bath consisting essentially of four to eight parts by volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid, one volume of concentrated nitric acid, from $6 to 2 oz. of ferric chloride per liter, and from 0.005 to 0.025 oz. per liter of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of sodium alkyl sulfates and sulfated fatty alcohols.
- An etching bath consisting of essentially of by weight an aqueous solution of 26% of hydrochloric acid. 12% of nitric acid, 36% of ferric chloride and 0.04% of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of sodium alkyl sulfates and sulfated fatty alcohols.
- An etching bath consisting essentially of five parts by volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid, one part by volume of concentrated nitric acid, 1 oz. of ferric chloride and 0.013 oz. per liter of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of sodium alkyl sulfates and sulfated fatty alcohols.
- etching corrosion and heat resistant steel which comprises subjecting the steel to the etching action of a bath consisting essentially of by weight an aqueous solution of from 25% to 30 /z% of hydrochloric .acid, from 9%% to 16% of nitric acid, from 0.15% to 1% of ferric chloride, and from 0.0015% to 0.08% of a wetting agent stable in the presence of nitric and bydrochloric acids.
- etching corrosion and heat resistant steel which comprises subjecting the steel to the etching action of a bath consisting essentially of four to eight parts by volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid, one part of concentrated nitric acid, one-half to two ounces ferric chloride per liter, and from 0.005 to 0.025 oz. per liter of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of sodium alkyl sulfates and sulfated fatty alcohols.
- etching corrosion and heat resistant steel which comprises subjecting the steel to the etching action of a bath consisting essentially of by weight an aqueous solution of 26% of hydrochloric acid, 12% of nitric acid, /z% of ferric chloride and 0.04% of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of sodium alkyl sulfates and sulfated fatty alcohols.
- etching corrosion and heat resistant steel which comprises subjecting the steel to the etching action of an etching bath consisting essentially of five parts by volume of hydrochloric acid, one part by volume of nitric acid, ferric chloride 1 oz. per liter and a wetting agent stable in the presence of nitric and hydrochloric acids, 0.013 02. per liter.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
Description
United States Patent ETCHING BATH FOR CORROSION AND HEAT iRNEgISTANT ALLOYS AND PROCESS OF ETCH- Walter L. Acker, Wethersfield, and Lloyd H. Curkin,
Manchester, Conn., assiguors to United Aircraft Corporation, East Hartford, Conn., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed Dec. 31, 1956, Ser. No. 631,395
8 Claims. (CI. 41-42) The present invention relates to a novel and improved etching or mordant composition especially useful in connection with high-alloy corrosion and heat resistant steels and a process of etching or chemical-milling such metals.
Objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part hereinafter and in part will be obvious herefrom, or may be learned by practice with the invention, the same being realized and attained by means of the compositions, processes and steps pointed out in the appended claims.
The invention consists in the novel compositions, processes, steps and improvements herein shown and described.
The present invention has for its object the provision of a novel and improved process for the etching or chemical-milling of corrosion and heat resistant steels. A further object is the provision of a novel and improved mordant composition which acts rapidly on the corrosion and heat resistant steel and which does not cause any substantial embrittlement of the metal or alloy. Still another object is the provision of a novel and improved mordant and process for use with corrosion and heat resistant steels which acts rapidly on the steels, and leaves the etched steel with an excellent surface finish.
In accordance with the composition of the present invention, the mordant comprises an aqueous solution of concentrated hydrochloric and nitric acids, in certain proportions together with ferric chloride and a surface active, wetting agent which is relatively stable in the acid solution. This mordant may be used with suitable resists, such as resinous resists or bees-wax, for the chemical-milling or etching or a wide variety of corrosion and heat resistant steels, the etching or chemical-milling being controlled by means of a suitable resist or stopping-out material.
Referring now in detail to the composition of matter wry. Mitotic: 1.1.1
2,940,837 Patented June 14, 1960 3. invention is prepared in accordance with the following general formula, and consists essentially of:
(Weight percent) ice Hydrochloric acid content 25% to 30 /z%, pref erably 26%.
Nitric acid content 9 /&% to 16%, preferably 12%.
Ferric chloride (6H O) 0.15% to 1.0%, preferably /2%.
Wetting agent 0.0015% to 0.08%,
preferably 0.04%.
Water Enough to make 15 Such a bath is conveniently prepared by adding from four to eight parts by volume (preferably five parts) of concentrated (33%) hydrochloric acid to one part by volume of concentrated (69%) nitric acid, mixing, and adding to each liter of the mixed acids from about onehalf to two ounces avdp. (preferably about 2 oz.) of
Petrowet W.N. is a sodium alkyl sulfate.)
Etching baths of the kind described which contain less than about 4 parts by volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid for each volume of concentrated nitric acid work too fast, and 5 parts of hydrochloric acid for one volume of nitric acid gives a superior surface finish to the etched parts than the 4 to 1 ratio bath.
Increasing the hydrochloric/nitric acid ratio slows down the etching speed of the bath, and when an 8 to 1 ratio is exceeded, the bath works too slowly on corrosion and heat resistant steels to be commercially useful.
Increasing or decreasing the strength of the acids used will also influence the character and speed of etching, but the etching bath is operative within the percentage compositions given above.
Reducing the concentration of the-wetting agent much below 0.0015% results in a poorer surface finish. Increasing the wetting agent concentration above about 0.08% causes excessive foaming of the etching bath, and is objectionable from that point of view.
The mordant or etching baths of the present invention are primarily for use in the etching or chemical milling of the corrosion and heat resistant steel designated as A.M.S. 5525 having the following approximate analysis:
Percent which forms a part of the present invention, the mordant Cromium 15 or etching bath comprises an aqueous solution of certain Nickel 25 proportions of concentrated hydrochloric acid, concen- Molybdenum 1.3 trated nitnc acid, ferric chloride and a wetting agent, Vanadium 0.3 preferably a sulfated fatty alcohol or a sodium alkyl 5111- Titanium 2.0 fate, which is relatively stable in the mordant and is not Aluminum 0.2 rapidly decomposed by the nitric and hydrochloric acids Carbon 0.08 present in the mordant bath. II'OH Remainder The preferred mordant or etching bath of the present but has also been found to be useful in connection with Cb -AMS Fe 0 Mn st P s Cr N1 M0 Al Cu 811 and v 0' Ti 5504- .15 1.00 1.00 .04 .03 11513.5 .75 .50 1 05 .50 1 05 5512-.-. .08 2.00 .50-1.00 .04 .03 .00 5521- .0a 2.00 .75 .01 .0a 5524- .08 2.00 1.00 .04 .03 5616.... .12-.17 .50 .50 .04 .0a 5735- .08 1002.00 .40-1.00 .04 .03 1'5-2 25 5730- .08 1.00-2.00 .40-1.00 .04 .0a 1 2'25 0355. .2s-.a3 .70-.90 .20-35 .04 .04 5040. .15 .25.60 .04 .05 1:11:11:
Rematnder.
1 aximum.
the preceding alloys; whose percentage composition is given in the table.
Concentrated hydrochloric acid alone will not deeply etch such corrosion and heat resistant steels, nor will ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid in the absence of nitric acid, nor will a mixture of ferric chloride and nitric acid, although certain of these solutions will pickle the surface of such corrosion and heat resistant steels.
With typical corrosion and heat resistant steels such as AMS No. 5525, and at etching temperatures of from 105 to 150 F. as much as 0.025" thickness of metal can be removed per hour of etching.
The corrosion and heat resistant steel to be etched or chemical-milled may be in the form of sheet, finished parts, forgings or castings, and these parts are provided with the surface coating of impervious material in those areas which are not to be etched, after which the alloy or metal is immersed in, or sprayed with, the mordant for a suflicient period of time to remove the desired amount of metal. The etching may be carried out at room or at an elevated temperature, and during the etching process,'the hydrogen evolved is rapidly removed from the surface of the metal or alloy.
The chemical-milled pieces have a bright, clean surface which is relatively smooth, only slightly matted.
When the rapid action of the mordant has ceased, the bath is preferably replaced by a new bath.
The invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific compositions, processes and steps shown and described but departures may be made therefrom within the scope of the accompanying claims without departing from the principles of the invention and without sacrificing its chief advantages.
What is claimed is:
1. An etching bath for corrosion and heat resistant steel consisting essentially of by weight an aqueous solution of from 25% to 30%% of hydrochloric acid, from 9 /2.% to 16% of nitric acid, from 0.15% to 1% of ferric chloride and from 0.0015% to 0.08% of a wetting agent stable in the presence of nitric and hydrochloric acids.
2. An etching bath consisting essentially of four to eight parts by volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid, one volume of concentrated nitric acid, from $6 to 2 oz. of ferric chloride per liter, and from 0.005 to 0.025 oz. per liter of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of sodium alkyl sulfates and sulfated fatty alcohols.
3. An etching bath consisting of essentially of by weight an aqueous solution of 26% of hydrochloric acid. 12% of nitric acid, 36% of ferric chloride and 0.04% of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of sodium alkyl sulfates and sulfated fatty alcohols.
4. An etching bath consisting essentially of five parts by volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid, one part by volume of concentrated nitric acid, 1 oz. of ferric chloride and 0.013 oz. per liter of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of sodium alkyl sulfates and sulfated fatty alcohols.
5. The process of etching corrosion and heat resistant steel which comprises subjecting the steel to the etching action of a bath consisting essentially of by weight an aqueous solution of from 25% to 30 /z% of hydrochloric .acid, from 9%% to 16% of nitric acid, from 0.15% to 1% of ferric chloride, and from 0.0015% to 0.08% of a wetting agent stable in the presence of nitric and bydrochloric acids.
6. The process of etching corrosion and heat resistant steel which comprises subjecting the steel to the etching action of a bath consisting essentially of four to eight parts by volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid, one part of concentrated nitric acid, one-half to two ounces ferric chloride per liter, and from 0.005 to 0.025 oz. per liter of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of sodium alkyl sulfates and sulfated fatty alcohols.
7. The process of etching corrosion and heat resistant steel which comprises subjecting the steel to the etching action of a bath consisting essentially of by weight an aqueous solution of 26% of hydrochloric acid, 12% of nitric acid, /z% of ferric chloride and 0.04% of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of sodium alkyl sulfates and sulfated fatty alcohols.
8. The process of etching corrosion and heat resistant steel which comprises subjecting the steel to the etching action of an etching bath consisting essentially of five parts by volume of hydrochloric acid, one part by volume of nitric acid, ferric chloride 1 oz. per liter and a wetting agent stable in the presence of nitric and hydrochloric acids, 0.013 02. per liter.
References Cited in the file of this patent OTHER REFERENCES Metals Handbook, 1948 Edition, page 395, Formulae 6A and 8B, Pub. by Amer. Soc. for Metals, Cleveland, Ohio, TA 472 A C2.
Claims (1)
1. AN ETCHING BATH FOR CORROSION AND HEAT RESISTANT STEEL CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF BY WEIGHT AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF FROM 25% TO 301/2% OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID, FROM 91/2% TO 16% OF NITRIC ACID, FROM 0.15% TO 1% OF FERRIC CHLORIDE AND FROM 0.0015% TO 0.08% OF A WETTING AGENT STABLE IN THE PRESENCE OF NITRIC AND HYDROCHLORIC ACIDS.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US631395A US2940837A (en) | 1956-12-31 | 1956-12-31 | Etching bath for corrosion and heat resistant alloys and process of etching |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US631395A US2940837A (en) | 1956-12-31 | 1956-12-31 | Etching bath for corrosion and heat resistant alloys and process of etching |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2940837A true US2940837A (en) | 1960-06-14 |
Family
ID=24531013
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US631395A Expired - Lifetime US2940837A (en) | 1956-12-31 | 1956-12-31 | Etching bath for corrosion and heat resistant alloys and process of etching |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2940837A (en) |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3072515A (en) * | 1959-03-09 | 1963-01-08 | Diversey Corp | Method and composition for chemically polishing metals |
| US3074823A (en) * | 1959-05-01 | 1963-01-22 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Method for removing complex sodium aluminum silicate scale |
| US3197341A (en) * | 1961-06-19 | 1965-07-27 | Rohr Corp | Method and composition for descaling stainless steels and related alloys |
| US3253968A (en) * | 1961-10-03 | 1966-05-31 | North American Aviation Inc | Etching composition and process |
| US3317275A (en) * | 1962-12-10 | 1967-05-02 | Standard Oil Co | Process for removing carbon monoxide from gases |
| US3468768A (en) * | 1966-07-05 | 1969-09-23 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Surface treatment of steel electrotinning stock |
| US3530017A (en) * | 1967-05-08 | 1970-09-22 | Diversey Corp | Process for surface treatment of metal expansion alloys |
| US4233110A (en) * | 1976-10-29 | 1980-11-11 | Swiss Aluminum Ltd. | Process for etching and preparing nickel-polyester offset printing plates |
| US4353780A (en) * | 1980-10-01 | 1982-10-12 | United Technologies Corporation | Chemical milling of high tungsten content superalloys |
| US4460479A (en) * | 1978-09-14 | 1984-07-17 | Mulder Gerard W | Method for polishing, deburring and descaling stainless steel |
| USRE31823E (en) * | 1980-10-01 | 1985-02-05 | United Technologies Corporation | Chemical milling of high tungsten content superalloys |
| US5167734A (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1992-12-01 | General Electric Company | Process for identification evaluation and removal of microshrinkage |
| EP0797512A4 (en) * | 1994-12-15 | 1998-04-15 | Anthony J Tumminaro Jr | Solution and process for chemically resharpening smoothing tools, forming tools, and cutting tools |
| EP2562292A1 (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-02-27 | United Technologies Corporation | Chemical stripping composition and method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2429107A (en) * | 1943-04-02 | 1947-10-14 | Method of producing a stainless | |
| US2692188A (en) * | 1951-10-18 | 1954-10-19 | Poor & Co | Acid pickling compositions and method of pickling |
| US2846294A (en) * | 1956-10-08 | 1958-08-05 | Mergenthaler Linotype Gmbh | Etching bath |
-
1956
- 1956-12-31 US US631395A patent/US2940837A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2429107A (en) * | 1943-04-02 | 1947-10-14 | Method of producing a stainless | |
| US2692188A (en) * | 1951-10-18 | 1954-10-19 | Poor & Co | Acid pickling compositions and method of pickling |
| US2846294A (en) * | 1956-10-08 | 1958-08-05 | Mergenthaler Linotype Gmbh | Etching bath |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3072515A (en) * | 1959-03-09 | 1963-01-08 | Diversey Corp | Method and composition for chemically polishing metals |
| US3074823A (en) * | 1959-05-01 | 1963-01-22 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Method for removing complex sodium aluminum silicate scale |
| US3197341A (en) * | 1961-06-19 | 1965-07-27 | Rohr Corp | Method and composition for descaling stainless steels and related alloys |
| US3253968A (en) * | 1961-10-03 | 1966-05-31 | North American Aviation Inc | Etching composition and process |
| US3317275A (en) * | 1962-12-10 | 1967-05-02 | Standard Oil Co | Process for removing carbon monoxide from gases |
| US3468768A (en) * | 1966-07-05 | 1969-09-23 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Surface treatment of steel electrotinning stock |
| US3530017A (en) * | 1967-05-08 | 1970-09-22 | Diversey Corp | Process for surface treatment of metal expansion alloys |
| US4233110A (en) * | 1976-10-29 | 1980-11-11 | Swiss Aluminum Ltd. | Process for etching and preparing nickel-polyester offset printing plates |
| US4460479A (en) * | 1978-09-14 | 1984-07-17 | Mulder Gerard W | Method for polishing, deburring and descaling stainless steel |
| US4353780A (en) * | 1980-10-01 | 1982-10-12 | United Technologies Corporation | Chemical milling of high tungsten content superalloys |
| USRE31823E (en) * | 1980-10-01 | 1985-02-05 | United Technologies Corporation | Chemical milling of high tungsten content superalloys |
| US5167734A (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1992-12-01 | General Electric Company | Process for identification evaluation and removal of microshrinkage |
| EP0797512A4 (en) * | 1994-12-15 | 1998-04-15 | Anthony J Tumminaro Jr | Solution and process for chemically resharpening smoothing tools, forming tools, and cutting tools |
| EP2562292A1 (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-02-27 | United Technologies Corporation | Chemical stripping composition and method |
| US8859479B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2014-10-14 | United Technologies Corporation | Chemical stripping composition and method |
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