US2809117A - Sand core coating composition - Google Patents
Sand core coating composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2809117A US2809117A US341596A US34159653A US2809117A US 2809117 A US2809117 A US 2809117A US 341596 A US341596 A US 341596A US 34159653 A US34159653 A US 34159653A US 2809117 A US2809117 A US 2809117A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- coating composition
- core
- graphite
- magnesium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IQYKECCCHDLEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro hypochlorite;magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].ClOCl IQYKECCCHDLEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010112 shell-mould casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
Definitions
- the invention comprehends the provision of a wash or coating composition for sand cores which eliminates surface roughness from permanent mold cast gray iron or alloy steel casting.
- a sand core coating composition that a. May be applied with a spray gun if desired;
- the core coating composition herein devised comprises as essential ingredients, magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride, calcium oxide, graphite and water.
- graphite is preferably in the form of flakes and the water is to be of an amount to produce the desired Baum.
- a preferable composition would include 6 lbs. of magnesium oxide, 9 lbs. of magnesium chloride, 36 lbs. of calcium oxide, and 108 lbs. of graphite. By percentage totaling 100% the ingredients are as follows:
- the proportionate weight of the magnesium chloride and magnesium oxide is very important since these mgredients upon drying combine to form magnesium oxychloride.
- the oxyehloride as such both hardens and binds the coating. Whereas a slight excess of magnesium oxide would cause little change, an excess of magnesium chloride would have no magnesium oxide to combine with and would thus crystallize out on drying.
- An allowable variation from the example by weight hereinbefore set forth permits of the addition of 4 ounces to the 6 lbs. of magnesium oxide, maintaining the magnesium chloride at 9 lbs., increasing or decreasing the 36 lbs. of calcium oxide by /5 lb. and increasing or decreasing the 108 lbs. of graphite by 1 lb. Any increase or decrease of calcium oxide or graphite beyond the aforesaid stated limits would tend to make a permeable coating that would tend to water-break or run. Water is added to the composition in amounts to provide a Baum of between 30 and 50.
- compositions may be applied in dilute aqueous form to the surface of dry sand cores by dipping, spraying or brushing, as desired.
- the sand cores which may be improved by such treatment include sand cores fabricated in accordance with conventional foundry practice using core oil or resin bonded sand cores made by the shell molding process. No disadvantage in use or in compatibility has been observed between the ingredients of the compositions of this invention and the fully polymerized constituents of the sand cores manufactured by the shell mold process.
- compositions of this invention may be formulated and applied to sand cores in a variety of specific ways.
- the ingredients are uniformly admixed in suitable apparatus such as a rotary mixer and then mixed with water to a viscous concentrate.
- the concentrate is diluted to the desired consistency such as between 30 and 55 Baum whereupon it is suitable for application, preferably by spraying, to the core to be coated.
- the spraying or other manner of application is carried out under elevated temperatures of the core whereupon a uniform smooth coating is produced on the core.
- compositions of this invention are sufliciently heat resistant to withstand metal pouring temperatures in excess of 3000 without any disruption of the coating from the inflow of molten metal since they were devised primarily for use in gray iron casting. Although primarily adaptable to gray iron castings the coating compositions are not to be limited to such application since it is conceivable that they are equally suitable for casting alloy steels or other like metals. Accordingly, the invention is to be interpretated in the light of the disclosures made as defined by the appended claims.
- a sand core coating composition consisting essentially of the following proportions by weight, 9 parts of magnesium chloride, 6 to 6% parts of magnesium oxide, 35 to 36 /2 parts of calcium oxide, 107 to 109 parts of graphite and sutlicient water to produce a desired Baum of between 30 and 55.
- a sand core coating composition consisting essentially of the following proportions by weight, 9 parts of magnesium chloride, 6 parts of magnesium oxide, 36 parts of calcium oxide, 108 parts of graphite and sufficient water to produce a desired Baum of between 30 and 55.
- a sand core coating composition for use in conjunction with permanent molds which comprises an aqueous mixture including essentially solid ingredients totaling 100% by weight proportioned as follows: 5.65% to 5.67% magnesium chloride, 3.75% to 3.95% magnesium oxide, 22.3% to 23% calcium oxide, and 67.25% to 68.6% graphite, and water in sufiicient amount to produce a desired Baum of between 30 and 55.
- a sand core coating composition comprising an aqueous mixture of a desired Baum of between 30 and 55 for use in conjunction with gray iron casting or the like, including water and solid ingredients with the solid ingredients based on 100% total by weight aside from the water proportioned as follows: 5.66% magnesium chlo- 4 ride, 3.77% magnesium oxide, 22.65% calcium oxide, and 67.92% graphite.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Description
2,809,1 l7 Patented Oct. 8, 1957 SAND CORE COATING COMPOSITION Ernest L. Waterhouse, Vassar, and Lawrence L. Zinsmeister, Saginaw, Mich., assignors to Eaton Manufactllll'ing Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of No Drawing. Application March 10, 1953, Serial No. 341,596
5 Claims. (Cl. 106-3828) This invention relates to founding and more particularly to improved Wash or coating compositions for cores for use primarily in gray iron or alloy steel casting in permanent molds. This invention constitutes a continuation in part of their application Serial No. 297,575, filed July 7, 1952, Patent Number 2,786,771, granted March 26, 1957.
It has been determined essentially necessary in the casting of gray iron or alloy steel articles using permanent cast iron molds in conjunction with dry sand cores to provide an effective coating of the cores so as to eliminate burn-on or surface roughness in the surface of the casting as it contacts the core. This burn-on is apparently due to the tendency of the gases, which are generated during the casting operation to penetrate the sand core and carry the molten metal into the surface of the core whereby a rough surface is obtained on the casting.
Broadly the invention comprehends the provision of a wash or coating composition for sand cores which eliminates surface roughness from permanent mold cast gray iron or alloy steel casting.
Among the other principal objects of the invention is the provision of a sand core coating composition, that a. May be applied with a spray gun if desired;
b. Is harmless and non-toxic;
c. In its dry state is resilient, resists abrasion, and will not rub, peel or flake off;
d. Is fast drying;
e. Is not hygroscopic;
1. Will not run or tend to water-break;
g. Can withstand high pouring temperatures and produce an exceptionally smooth finish on the surface of the casting adjacent the core; and
h. Utilizes commercially available and economical ingredients.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description forming a part of the specification.
Basically the core coating composition herein devised comprises as essential ingredients, magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride, calcium oxide, graphite and water. The
graphite is preferably in the form of flakes and the water is to be of an amount to produce the desired Baum.
The relative proportions of the essential ingredients which may 'be employed based on 100% with water to be added are:
Concentration, percent Calcium oxide 22.3-23 Magnesium chloride 5.65-5.67 Magnesium oxide 3.753.95 Graphite 67.25-68.6
As a specific example of ingredients by weight a preferable composition would include 6 lbs. of magnesium oxide, 9 lbs. of magnesium chloride, 36 lbs. of calcium oxide, and 108 lbs. of graphite. By percentage totaling 100% the ingredients are as follows:
Percent Magnesium chloride 5.66 Magnesium ox e 3.77 Calcium oxide 22.65 Graphite 67.92
The proportionate weight of the magnesium chloride and magnesium oxide is very important since these mgredients upon drying combine to form magnesium oxychloride. The oxyehloride as such both hardens and binds the coating. Whereas a slight excess of magnesium oxide would cause little change, an excess of magnesium chloride would have no magnesium oxide to combine with and would thus crystallize out on drying.
An allowable variation from the example by weight hereinbefore set forth permits of the addition of 4 ounces to the 6 lbs. of magnesium oxide, maintaining the magnesium chloride at 9 lbs., increasing or decreasing the 36 lbs. of calcium oxide by /5 lb. and increasing or decreasing the 108 lbs. of graphite by 1 lb. Any increase or decrease of calcium oxide or graphite beyond the aforesaid stated limits would tend to make a permeable coating that would tend to water-break or run. Water is added to the composition in amounts to provide a Baum of between 30 and 50.
The compositions may be applied in dilute aqueous form to the surface of dry sand cores by dipping, spraying or brushing, as desired. The sand cores which may be improved by such treatment include sand cores fabricated in accordance with conventional foundry practice using core oil or resin bonded sand cores made by the shell molding process. No disadvantage in use or in compatibility has been observed between the ingredients of the compositions of this invention and the fully polymerized constituents of the sand cores manufactured by the shell mold process.
The compositions of this invention may be formulated and applied to sand cores in a variety of specific ways. Reference is had to our copending application Serial No. 297,575 as to a specific manner of formulating the composition and for applying it to the core to be coated. Preferably the ingredients are uniformly admixed in suitable apparatus such as a rotary mixer and then mixed with water to a viscous concentrate. Subsequently the concentrate is diluted to the desired consistency such as between 30 and 55 Baum whereupon it is suitable for application, preferably by spraying, to the core to be coated. The spraying or other manner of application is carried out under elevated temperatures of the core whereupon a uniform smooth coating is produced on the core.
With the core so coated gray iron articles in permanent molds can be cast at temperatures of between 2700 and 2800 producing a surface on the articles adjacent to the core which are smooth and free from bubbles or pock marks.
The compositions of this invention are sufliciently heat resistant to withstand metal pouring temperatures in excess of 3000 without any disruption of the coating from the inflow of molten metal since they were devised primarily for use in gray iron casting. Although primarily adaptable to gray iron castings the coating compositions are not to be limited to such application since it is conceivable that they are equally suitable for casting alloy steels or other like metals. Accordingly, the invention is to be interpretated in the light of the disclosures made as defined by the appended claims.
What we claim is:
1. A sand core coating composition consisting essentially of the following proportions by weight, 9 parts of magnesium chloride, 6 to 6% parts of magnesium oxide, 35 to 36 /2 parts of calcium oxide, 107 to 109 parts of graphite and sutlicient water to produce a desired Baum of between 30 and 55.
2. A sand core coating composition consisting essentially of the following proportions by weight, 9 parts of magnesium chloride, 6 parts of magnesium oxide, 36 parts of calcium oxide, 108 parts of graphite and sufficient water to produce a desired Baum of between 30 and 55.
3. A sand core coating composition for use in conjunction with permanent molds which comprises an aqueous mixture including essentially solid ingredients totaling 100% by weight proportioned as follows: 5.65% to 5.67% magnesium chloride, 3.75% to 3.95% magnesium oxide, 22.3% to 23% calcium oxide, and 67.25% to 68.6% graphite, and water in sufiicient amount to produce a desired Baum of between 30 and 55.
4. A sand core coating composition comprising an aqueous mixture of a desired Baum of between 30 and 55 for use in conjunction with gray iron casting or the like, including water and solid ingredients with the solid ingredients based on 100% total by weight aside from the water proportioned as follows: 5.66% magnesium chlo- 4 ride, 3.77% magnesium oxide, 22.65% calcium oxide, and 67.92% graphite.
5. A sand core having on the surface thereof a dried continuous smooth refractory coating consisting essentially by weight of, approximately 36 parts of calcium oxide, 9 parts of magnesium chloride, 6 parts of magnesium oxide and 108 parts of graphite.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 53,092 Sorel Mar. 6, 1866 100,944 Sorel Mar. 15, 1870 223,565 Webb Jan. 13, 1880 468,292 Cole Feb. 2, 1892 711,329 Mielck Oct. 14, 1902 720,142 Heuber Feb. 10, 1903 1,096,384 Morris May 12, 1914 1,811,799 Lukens June 23, 1931 1,861,592 Beck June 7, 1932
Claims (1)
1. A STAND CORE COATING COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF THE FOLLOWING PROPORTIONS BY WEIGHT, 9 PARTS OF MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE, 6 TO 61/4 PARTS OF MAGNESIUM OXIDE, 351/2 TO 361/2 PARTS OF CALCIUM OXIDE, 107 TO 109 PARTS OF GRAPHITE AND SUFFICIENT WATER TO PRODUCE A DESIRED BAUME'' OF BETWEEN 30% AND 55*.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US341596A US2809117A (en) | 1953-03-10 | 1953-03-10 | Sand core coating composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US341596A US2809117A (en) | 1953-03-10 | 1953-03-10 | Sand core coating composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2809117A true US2809117A (en) | 1957-10-08 |
Family
ID=23338219
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US341596A Expired - Lifetime US2809117A (en) | 1953-03-10 | 1953-03-10 | Sand core coating composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2809117A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4774990A (en) * | 1986-08-04 | 1988-10-04 | Mazda Motor Corporation | High pressure casting method and a casting core |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US53092A (en) * | 1866-03-06 | Stanislas soeel | ||
| US100944A (en) * | 1870-03-15 | Improvement in the manufacture of cement for artificial stone | ||
| US223565A (en) * | 1880-01-13 | Lining for molds for metals | ||
| US468292A (en) * | 1892-02-02 | Method of casting iron pigs | ||
| US711329A (en) * | 1901-03-06 | 1902-10-14 | Mielck S Stone And Terra Cotta Company | Process of producing artificial stone. |
| US720142A (en) * | 1901-07-18 | 1903-02-10 | Friedrich Heuber | Process of manufacturing artificial stones for lithographic or other purposes. |
| US1096384A (en) * | 1913-03-20 | 1914-05-12 | James E Carroll | Cementitious compound. |
| US1811799A (en) * | 1929-11-12 | 1931-06-23 | Solidon Products Inc | Magnesium oxychloride mixture and method of making the same |
| US1861592A (en) * | 1929-08-10 | 1932-06-07 | Beck Adolf | Production of castings of magnesium and magnesium alloys in permanent molds |
-
1953
- 1953-03-10 US US341596A patent/US2809117A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US53092A (en) * | 1866-03-06 | Stanislas soeel | ||
| US100944A (en) * | 1870-03-15 | Improvement in the manufacture of cement for artificial stone | ||
| US223565A (en) * | 1880-01-13 | Lining for molds for metals | ||
| US468292A (en) * | 1892-02-02 | Method of casting iron pigs | ||
| US711329A (en) * | 1901-03-06 | 1902-10-14 | Mielck S Stone And Terra Cotta Company | Process of producing artificial stone. |
| US720142A (en) * | 1901-07-18 | 1903-02-10 | Friedrich Heuber | Process of manufacturing artificial stones for lithographic or other purposes. |
| US1096384A (en) * | 1913-03-20 | 1914-05-12 | James E Carroll | Cementitious compound. |
| US1861592A (en) * | 1929-08-10 | 1932-06-07 | Beck Adolf | Production of castings of magnesium and magnesium alloys in permanent molds |
| US1811799A (en) * | 1929-11-12 | 1931-06-23 | Solidon Products Inc | Magnesium oxychloride mixture and method of making the same |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4774990A (en) * | 1986-08-04 | 1988-10-04 | Mazda Motor Corporation | High pressure casting method and a casting core |
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