US2899739A - Sintered hard metal alloy - Google Patents
Sintered hard metal alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2899739A US2899739A US2899739DA US2899739A US 2899739 A US2899739 A US 2899739A US 2899739D A US2899739D A US 2899739DA US 2899739 A US2899739 A US 2899739A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- hard metal
- phase
- tac
- sintered hard
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#C UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1lambda4,2lambda4-dimolybdacyclopropa-1,2,3-triene Chemical compound [Mo]=C=[Mo] QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910039444 MoC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sintered hard metal alloy'of the well known type consisting essentially of tungsten carbide and titanium carbide (with or without a content of tantalum and/or niobium carbide) and an auxiliary or bonding metal selected preferably from the iron group of the periodic table, for'instance cobalt, nickel and/or iron, and which has a structure built up of the following phases:
- ly-Phase consisting of a solid solution of WC and TaC/NbC (if present) in TiC, ,t9-phase consisting of auxiliaryV or bonding metal (hereinafter called bonding metal), usually Co and/ or Ni, and a-phase consisting of WC.
- hardl metal alloys consisting of -7% yby weight Co and a high TiC content, for example 20-36% by weight. been included in the alloy.
- a high TiC content for example 20-36% by weight.
- alloys of the type A have relatively satisfactory strength qualities, while their wear resistance is considerably .lower than that obtainable by the alloys ofthe type B, the latter, however, having the drawback of being very fragile.'
- 'I'he object of the present invention is to produce a sintered hard metal alloy which has the qualities both of satisfactory strength and of satisfactory wear resistance. Alloys according to the present invention have been found to be particularly suitable for machine tools for finishing materials like steel giving long chips, but are not limited to this particular application. Y
- a sintered hard metal alloy according to the present invention is defined both by the percentages of its components present in the alloy, and by a relationship between the amounts of the and y-phases in the alloy.
- a sintered hard metal alloy according to the present invention contains 30-45% by weight TiC, 1-5% by weight TaC/NbC and 8-l3% by weight of bonding metal such as Co, Ni
- chromium, vanadium and zirconium may be present in small amounts without disadvantage to the essential propv erties of the alloy.
- the alloy of the invention is likely to contain certain impurities; thus, for example, the components TaC/N bC used for hard metal In some cases a small amount of TaC hasl 2 alloys always ncontain. smalll (insignificant) amounts ofV oxygen and nitrogen, and WC sometimes mayhcontain small (insignificant) amounts of molybdenum carbide.
- a sintered hard metal alloy according to ⁇ the present invention is also characterized in that the amount of the ,I3-phase of the alloy and the amount ofthe ⁇ yphase arel related to one another by ⁇ the relationship ⁇ 10o 1oo-2 wherein and fy represent the amounts of the respective phases expressed in volume percent.
- the amount of the ,I3-phase of the alloy and the amount ofthe ⁇ yphase arel related to one another by ⁇ the relationship ⁇ 10o 1oo-2 wherein and fy represent the amounts of the respective phases expressed in volume percent.
- fy represent the amounts of the respective phases expressed in volume percent.
- the alloy contains either or both the compounds TaC and NbC, and that where a percentage ligure is given against the expression TaC/NbC this refers'to the con# tent of (TaC-l-NbC) in the alloy.
- the bonding metal usually consists substantiallyY en tirely of Co and/ or Ni. I have found that with the relatively high proportion of TiC included in the alloy of the present invention it may be advantageous to use Ni as a bonding metal, as Ni has a greater capacity for dissolving TiC than has Co.
- the alloy of thisinvention has an increased amount -phaseA of the alloy whilst maintaining or even increasing the resistance to wear, that is to say resistance against wear as well as cratering.
- the amount of y-phase has been less than 1GO-2;?, whilst the amount of bonding metal has been considerably below the limits specifiedfor Vthis invention.
- the composition off-'the alloy is of great importance.-
- the limits ofV the values of the components havebeen --indicated above. Ithas usually proved .to be advantageous if the hard metal contains up to 5% by weight (preferably between 1 and 3% by weight) of TaC/NbC.
- the amount of the bonding metal is preferably chosen within the range 8-ll% by i TiC percent 36442 TaC/NbC do 1-3 Bonding metal, preferably Co and/or Ni do I 9-11 WC Y remainder.
- Example I Percent by weight TiC i. 40 TaC/NbC 2 Co l0 WC 48 This has 'been shown to ⁇ be of importance for obtaining an increase in the strength 3 t Exampie 2 1 1 1 proportions offthesecomponents :are groilndzwth .tungf steni carbide and :bonding metal tov af grainsize whichwil give: 'the -islinfteredi hardg metal falloy fproductf af grain ;sjiz fof preferabiyiz; ma: After prrssnsepottims mthiww der, to al suitable szeandf shape they are suitably sintere i in ava'cuunz 'ovemat laboutll for; about 1; hour.; i i f me Qi ffplass; ab .by
- Ti, W double car# bide
- Tantalum carbide and/or niobium carbide may either be added in the form of single carbides or in the form of a solid solution (Ta, Nb)C.
- a solid solution Ta, Nb
- Schwarzkopf Powder Metallurgy, Its Physics and Profor example in the form of (T, Ta, W)C. The correct duction, Macmillan Co., New York (1947), pp. 208-211.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Description
Aug.l 18, 1959 J o.`w. oHLssoN 2,899,739
SINTERED HARD METAL ALLOY Filed June 11, 1957 INVE/VTR Fall, Johan @lof W/Uiam @l1/ssen BJ JOMJW 89 ffornejs 2,899,739 Patented Aug. v18, 1959 2,899,739 Y SINTERED HARD METAL ALLOY' Fall Johanl lof William Ohlsson, Enskede, Sweden, as-
sgnor to Sandvikens Jernverks Aktiebolag, Sandviken, Sweden, a corporation of Sweden Application June '11, '1957, Serial No. 664,943
6 Claims. (Cl. 29182.7)
The present invention'relates to a sintered hard metal alloy'of the well known type consisting essentially of tungsten carbide and titanium carbide (with or without a content of tantalum and/or niobium carbide) and an auxiliary or bonding metal selected preferably from the iron group of the periodic table, for'instance cobalt, nickel and/or iron, and which has a structure built up of the following phases:
ly-Phase consisting of a solid solution of WC and TaC/NbC (if present) in TiC, ,t9-phase consisting of auxiliaryV or bonding metal (hereinafter called bonding metal), usually Co and/ or Ni, and a-phase consisting of WC.
For machine tool cutters for the finishing of steel, hardl metal alloys have been used consisting of -7% yby weight Co and a high TiC content, for example 20-36% by weight. been included in the alloy. As an example of known alloys'for this purpose I mention below the vapproximate proportions of two main types:
A, percent by weight B, percent by weight 6 balance The alloys of the type A have relatively satisfactory strength qualities, while their wear resistance is considerably .lower than that obtainable by the alloys ofthe type B, the latter, however, having the drawback of being very fragile.'
'I'he object of the present invention is to produce a sintered hard metal alloy which has the qualities both of satisfactory strength and of satisfactory wear resistance. Alloys according to the present invention have been found to be particularly suitable for machine tools for finishing materials like steel giving long chips, but are not limited to this particular application. Y
A sintered hard metal alloy according to the present invention is defined both by the percentages of its components present in the alloy, and by a relationship between the amounts of the and y-phases in the alloy.
Takingy first the components of the alloy, a sintered hard metal alloy according to the present invention contains 30-45% by weight TiC, 1-5% by weight TaC/NbC and 8-l3% by weight of bonding metal such as Co, Ni
and/or Fe, the remainder being substantially all WC, although, as known in this art, other alloy components,
' for example, one or more of the carbides of molybdenum,
chromium, vanadium and zirconium may be present in small amounts without disadvantage to the essential propv erties of the alloy. Furthermore, of course, whether or not these alloy components are present, the alloy of the invention is likely to contain certain impurities; thus, for example, the components TaC/N bC used for hard metal In some cases a small amount of TaC hasl 2 alloys always ncontain. smalll (insignificant) amounts ofV oxygen and nitrogen, and WC sometimes mayhcontain small (insignificant) amounts of molybdenum carbide.
A sintered hard metal alloy according to` the present inventionis also characterized in that the amount of the ,I3-phase of the alloy and the amount ofthe ^yphase arel related to one another by` the relationship` 10o 1oo-2 wherein and fy represent the amounts of the respective phases expressed in volume percent. Preferably.
ly 100 1.5 Any tendency to deformation of the cutting edge which may occur with high bonding metal contents when .usinghigh cutting speed which give rise to high temperatures,
' that the alloy contains either or both the compounds TaC and NbC, and that where a percentage ligure is given against the expression TaC/NbC this refers'to the con# tent of (TaC-l-NbC) in the alloy.
The bonding metal usually consists substantiallyY en tirely of Co and/ or Ni. I have found that with the relatively high proportion of TiC included in the alloy of the present invention it may be advantageous to use Ni as a bonding metal, as Ni has a greater capacity for dissolving TiC than has Co.
In comparison with knownA hard metal alloys for finish`V ing materials such as steel the alloy of thisinvention has an increased amount -phaseA of the alloy whilst maintaining or even increasing the resistance to wear, that is to say resistance against wear as well as cratering. In previously known hard 'metals for the purpose specified, the amount of y-phase has been less than 1GO-2;?, whilst the amount of bonding metal has been considerably below the limits specifiedfor Vthis invention.
For obtaining the unusual properties for lthe hard metal alloy according to this invention the composition off-'the alloyis of great importance.- The limits ofV the values of the components havebeen --indicated above. Ithas usually proved .to be advantageous if the hard metal contains up to 5% by weight (preferably between 1 and 3% by weight) of TaC/NbC. The amount of the bonding metal is preferably chosen within the range 8-ll% by i TiC percent 36442 TaC/NbC do 1-3 Bonding metal, preferably Co and/or Ni do I 9-11 WC Y remainder The invention will now be illustrated by some examples giving the approximate composition by weight for certain alloys in accordance with the invention.
Example I Percent by weight TiC i. 40 TaC/NbC 2 Co l0 WC 48 This has 'been shown to` be of importance for obtaining an increase in the strength 3 t Exampie 2 1 1 1 proportions offthesecomponents :are groilndzwth .tungf steni carbide and :bonding metal tov af grainsize whichwil give: 'the -islinfteredi hardg metal falloy fproductf af grain ;sjiz fof preferabiyiz; ma: After prrssnsepottims mthiww der, to al suitable szeandf shape they are suitably sintere i in ava'cuunz 'ovemat laboutll for; about 1; hour.; i i f me Qi ffplass; ab .by
The alloy con if; @ai
,v i 11's* n; by weight fof fther iltiardfrnetals; wa
:De per= cbm andi they snm nii lthe' anhzmnts= of the three phasesa, f f
, f 'andere equals lfwhere j,;;ar1d=fyfrepressre1th www@ of the respective ypliasesin volumes percent.- f f f f f g2; A isintered; hartigmetalf Lalioy accordinglzto; claim :I wherein? tire amount by: -weighti 'ci fthe TEGy content y l accordance Wit invention it has been proved to be advantageous to add titanium carbide in the form of a so-called double car# bide (Ti, W) C, consisting of for example 50% by Weight of titanium carbide and 50% by weight of tungsten carbide. Tantalum carbide and/or niobium carbide may either be added in the form of single carbides or in the form of a solid solution (Ta, Nb)C. Of course, it is References Cited m the me of thls patent also possible to include carbides in other solid solutions, Schwarzkopf: Powder Metallurgy, Its Physics and Profor example in the form of (T, Ta, W)C. The correct duction, Macmillan Co., New York (1947), pp. 208-211.
Claims (1)
1.A SINTERED HARD METAL ALLOY CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF THE FOLLOWING COMPONENTS IN THE FOLLOWING PERCENTAGES BY WEIGTH: TIC, 30 TO 45%; A CARBIDE OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF TAC AND NBC, 1 TO 3%; AUXILIARY BONDING METAL OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF NI, CO AND FE, 8-11%; THE REMAINDER BEING SUBSTANTIALLY ALL WC, SAID ALLOY BEING FURTHER CHARACTERIZED IN THAT SAID ALLOY IS COMPOSED OF A Y-PHASE CONSISTING OF A SOLID SOLUTION, IN TIC, OF ALL OF THE CARBIDE OF THE GROUP CON SISTING OF TAC AND NBC AND SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF WC AND AN A B-PHASE CONSISTING THE REMAINING UNDISSOLVED WC AND B-PHASE CONSISTING OF AUXILIARY BONDING METAL THE AMOUNT OF THE B-PHASE THEREOF AND THE AMOUNT OF THE Y-PHASE THEREOF BEING RELATED TO ONE ANOTHER BY THE RELATIONSHIP
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE580556 | 1956-06-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2899739A true US2899739A (en) | 1959-08-18 |
Family
ID=20267271
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2899739D Expired - Lifetime US2899739A (en) | 1956-06-19 | Sintered hard metal alloy |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2899739A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH375905A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3245763A (en) * | 1963-07-01 | 1966-04-12 | Sandvikens Jernverks Ab | Sintered hard metal alloy for machining cast iron and steel |
| US3463621A (en) * | 1967-06-20 | 1969-08-26 | Poudres Metalliques Alliages Speciaux Ugine Carbone | Alloys of sintered carbides |
| US3525999A (en) * | 1968-12-24 | 1970-08-25 | Ugine Carbone | Carbide alloys |
-
0
- US US2899739D patent/US2899739A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1957
- 1957-06-12 CH CH4714957A patent/CH375905A/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3245763A (en) * | 1963-07-01 | 1966-04-12 | Sandvikens Jernverks Ab | Sintered hard metal alloy for machining cast iron and steel |
| US3463621A (en) * | 1967-06-20 | 1969-08-26 | Poudres Metalliques Alliages Speciaux Ugine Carbone | Alloys of sintered carbides |
| US3525999A (en) * | 1968-12-24 | 1970-08-25 | Ugine Carbone | Carbide alloys |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH375905A (en) | 1964-03-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4049876A (en) | Cemented carbonitride alloys | |
| KR102079325B1 (en) | FeNi BINDER HAVING UNIVERSAL USABILITY | |
| US4049380A (en) | Cemented carbides containing hexagonal molybdenum | |
| US3994692A (en) | Sintered carbonitride tool materials | |
| US4353742A (en) | Cobalt-containing alloys | |
| US6030429A (en) | Hard sintered alloy | |
| KR20110079901A (en) | Molybdenum-containing metal powder for the production of cemented carbide based on tungsten carbide | |
| US2731711A (en) | Sintered tungsten carbide composition | |
| US3215510A (en) | Alloy | |
| US3245763A (en) | Sintered hard metal alloy for machining cast iron and steel | |
| US2899739A (en) | Sintered hard metal alloy | |
| NO153838B (en) | DEVICE FOR REGULATION OF THE KATA VALUE. | |
| DE2719532A1 (en) | HARD METALS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THEM | |
| US2731710A (en) | Sintered carbide compositions | |
| US3737290A (en) | Sintered titanium alloy | |
| US2960403A (en) | Molybdenum-base alloys | |
| JPS63286550A (en) | Nitrogen-containing titanium carbide-base alloy having excellent resistance to thermal deformation | |
| JPS633017B2 (en) | ||
| US3177076A (en) | Forgeable high temperature cast alloys | |
| US2198343A (en) | Hard metal composition | |
| US2924875A (en) | Sintered hard metal alloy | |
| US3463621A (en) | Alloys of sintered carbides | |
| US2551170A (en) | Cobalt base alloy and articles thereof | |
| US2967349A (en) | Metallic compositions | |
| US1593924A (en) | Alloy steel |