US2893500A - Combined anti-skid and parking device - Google Patents

Description

J. E. DE BAUN ETAL -COMBINED ANTI-SKID AND PARKING DEVICE July 7, 1959 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 22, 1956 m n ma am m V .E m m m A% vi ATTORNEY July 7, 1959 J. E. DE BAUN ET AL COMBINED ANTI-SKID AND PARKING DEVICE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 22} 1955 FIG. 3.

FIG.6.

INVENTORS E. DeBoun 8 Fnedrich ATTORNEY John BY Andrew FIG. 5.

July 7, 1959 J. E. DE BAUN ETAL COMBINED ANTI-SKID AND PARKING DEVICE Filed Aug 22, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 FIG. IO.

INVENTORS John E. DeBaun 8 BY Friedrich A? M,

ATTORNEY July 7, 1959 J. E. DE BAUN ET AL 2,893,500

COMBINED ANTI-SKID AND PARKING DEVICE Filed Aug. 22, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 J E. m9 1. v 8. 3.

INVENTORS John E. DeBouq'fi 312w E. Friedrlch AT TORNEY Un d 8w 2,893,500 COMBINED ANTI-SKID AND PARKING DEVICE J'ohirE. DeBaun, Ridgewond-,.and Andrew E; Friedrich,

Princeton,- NJ'., said- Friedrich assignor' to said DeBaun.

Application August 22; 1956, Serial No; 605,508 8 Claims. c1. 180-1) slightly with the groundsurface and to elevate the vehicle. at times when it is desired to use the device to park the vehicle. I It is another object. of-theinvention to provide a combined antiaskidding and' parking devicefor motor vehicles wherein the groundengaging. members are in the form of large discsdisposed atthe opposite sides atthe rear. of the vehicle but adapted to be raised and. lowered and rotated in one direction or another by acommon drive mechanism including. a reversible. electric motor andadriveshaft operatedby the motor and connected by-gears to the rotatable plate and to the rack for loweringand' raising the device.

It is still another object of. the invention to provide in. an anti-skidding device, comprising a large disc adapted to engage the road surface at an angle, a plurality of- "small: cutting wheels angularly spaced aboutv the peripheral plateof the disc for angular adjustment upon its axleso as; to; be turnedtin: order that teeth on the sides thereof will becaused: to dig into? the. roadsurface andprevent the vehicle from. skidding while permitting the forward; motion of the vehicleand wherein these small: wheels on' the periphery of the discican automatically be straightened to roll. over the? road surface without :digging thereinto aswhen the surface. ispartially free of ice.

Other'objects of the. invention are to provide a combined anti-skid and; parking device, having the above objects in mind, which is of relatively simple construction, easy to mountiupon the rear of. the vehicle, easy to. operate, not liable to get out of order; may serve for jacking up the rear of the vehicle, automatically returns to its elevated position upon release of power,. compact, and mountable a. unit upon the: vehicle, efficient and eifeetive in use, I

For other objects, and abetter understanding of the invention; reference may be had to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which Figure" his. a sidev elevational view of the? combined anti-skid. andparking, device of" the present invention mounted uponthevehicle and raised to'its elevated position thereon,- a a Fig. 2vis-a top planviewof: the device with'theparts still in their; elevated'position; upon the vehicle,

"Fig: 3' is a siderelevationa'l viewl of'tlfe device lowered .tof the ground. and:the vehicle: elevated; and" adapted for effecting the parking of the vehicle withfthe; device, 4 is a reai elevationallvieim' of. the.% device'still lowered to the groundism'facei and: thesye'hicle elevated 2. and the drive set to move the rear of the vehicle to the right,

Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken through. the rack. and pinion elevating mechanism and as viewed on line 5'5 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view taken through the gear shifter and as viewed on line 66' of'Fi'g. 2,.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional. viewtaken through one of the rotatable supporting discs and its rack and pinion operating mechanism, the view being taken on line 7-7 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary elevational view of one of. the rotatable discs. and looking uponv one of. the digging wheels,

Fig. 9. is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of one of the rotatable discs and one of the digging wheels, as viewed on line 99 of Fig. 7, a

Fig. 10 is afragmentary elevational view of one ofthe rotatable discs illustrating the manner in which the digging wheels are tilted when the wheel is rotatedin the direction to the right so as to move the vehicle to the left,

Fig. 11 is an enlarged fragmentary elevational view ofthe combined gear-shifter and rack lifter mechanism,

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary elevational view of'the rack lifter with rack locked'in its extended position,

Fig. 13 is a vertical sectional view ofv the rack lifter taken on line 1313of' Fig; 11,

Fig. 14 is a vertical sectionalview looking upon one of, the. rack locking elements as viewed on line 1414 of Fig. 11,

Fig. 15 is a vertical sectional view-lookingupon the gear shifter drive pulley as viewed on line" 1'5 -15 of Fig. 11, and

Fig; 16 is a combined'schematic view of the gear shifter linkage and of the wiring diagram: for the reversib'le motor.

Referring now to the figures, 15 represents a vehicle frame which is supported on a rearv axle housing 16 and drive wheels 17 and 18. A propeller shaft 19 extends from the engine to the axle housing to rear axle shaft 16 and the wheels 17 and 18' connected thereto. The vehicle frame 15 extends rearwardly from the rear axle housing.

On the rear axle housing 16 spacedfrom one another are clamp plate assemblies 20 and 21. Each clamp plate assembly has a rear plate 22 and a front plate 23 that are secured together about the axle housing by upper and lower clamp bolts 24 and 25.

Rearwardly spaced from the" clamping plate' assemblies is a transversely-extending support 29 that is secured through drop bracket portions 31 and 30 to the sides of the frame 15 beneath a gasoline tank 32.

Also secured between the sides of the frame and between the rear axle housing 16 and the rear support29 is an intermediate support 32 that has an upstanding reinforcing rib 32' which extends throughout the length thereof and laterally spaced'square portions 33 and 34, Fig. 4.

Two ground engaging drive wheels 35 and 36 are disposed under the intermediate support 32; Each drive wheel is connected to the bottom of an elongated supporting plate 37 by an axial bolt 38 and vertically-spaced ball bearing units 39L A head 40' of the bolt 38 rests in a recess 41 in the top of the plate 37 and the drive wheel is held upon the bolt 38 by a washer 42 and a nut 41. The drive wheel 36 'is.rotatable about they axle 38.

The elongated-plate 37 is hingedly connected at-its forward end by a hinge pin 43 to hinge; projections; 44 on the rear clamp'plate 22 soxthat-theplate3'lmay pivot up and downiupon-the axle 16; The plate137 hastspaced The rear end of this rack has upstanding projections 48 to which a rearwardly-extending link 49 is pivotally connected by a pin 50. The rear end of this link 49 is hingedly connected to a hinge plate 51 on the rear transversely-extending support 29, Fig. 3.

The elongated plate 37 has an enlarged portion 37 vertically aligned with the square portion 33 or 34 of the intermediate transverse support 32 and is connected thereto by four tension springs 53 each of which is connected at its upper end to the square portion 33 by a bolt 54 and a nut 55. The lower end of each spring 53 is connected to the enlarged portion 37' of the plate 37 by a bolt 56 and a nut 57, Fig. 5.

A transverse plate 58 extends between the plates 37 to tie them' together and serves as a support for a reversible electric motor 59 that has three-wire cable 60 extending therefrom. This electric motor 59 has a pulley '61 that is connected by a pu ley belt 62 to a drive pulley 63 that is splined to a gear selector 64 that carries a shaft 65 and which is adapted to be shifted axially by a yoke 66 that straddles a grooved collar 67 fixed to the drive shaft 65 by a set screw 68, Fig. 6. This yoke 66 is pivotally connected to the rear end of a bracket 69 by pivot pin 70. The bracket is rigidly mounted upon the transverse plate 58. The rear end of the yoke 66 is connected by a link 71 to a pivot bar 72 that is pivotally connected to the forward end of the bracket 69 by a pivot pin 73. The pivot bar 72 is operated by pull rods 74 and 75 respectively pivotally connected to the respective outer ends of the pivot bar 72.

The gear selector 64 has two pinion gears 76 and 77. The collar 67 is an integral part of the gear 76. The gear 77 is secured to the shaft 65 by a set screw 78. An externally-splined sleeve 79 is secured to the shaft 65 between the gears 76 and 77 by a key 80. The pulley wheel 63 can slide along the spline sleeve 64, Figs. 11 and 15.

Each of the ground engaging drive wheels 35 and 36 has a ring gear 81 that is secured within its peripheral upstanding wall 82, whose upper edge has corresponding teeth 83, by screw bolts 84. The gear selector 64 when in the neutral position has its "gears 76 and 77 lying astraddle the ring gears 81 of the respective drive wheels 35 and 36 and the drive shaft 65 will be driven independently of the drive wheels 35 and 36. The drive shaft 65 is journalled in spaced bearing portions 85 and 86 on enlarged portions 37 of plates 37. On the opposite ends of the shaft and adapted to mesh with the respective gears 81 of the drive wheels 35 and 36 are respective pinion gears 87 and 88 in a manner soon to be described.

With the motor 59 started and the gear selector 64 in a neutral position, the drive shaft 65 is rotated free of the drive wheels. This drive shaft 65 also has fixed thereto, as by a key 101 pinion gears 89 and 90 respectively meshing with the respective gear racks 47 so as to cause the gear racks to he slid rearwardly and downwardly thereby forcing the drive wheels 35 and 36 downwardly against the action of their tension springs 53 for engagement with the ground and to lift the vehicle over them to the position shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

When the pinion gears 89 and 90 have extended the racks 47 and the drive wheels are extended to the ground, the racks and the drive wheels must be locked to maintain the vehicle in the elevated position. Each of the gear racks 47 has a through hole 92, the ends of which are adapted to be engaged by loosely pivoted locking members 93 and 94 on the shaft 65 at the respective opposite sides of the gears 89 and 90, as the shaft 65 is shifted with the gears sons to thereby lock the rack against sliding movement and hold the drive wheels against collapse upon the vehicle. The locking members are respectively urged to their locking positions by respective collars 95 and 96 by manual movement which respectively have set screws 97 and 98 that are slidable respectively in grooves 99 and 100 in the drive/shaft 65. The gear 89 or is secured against rotation upon shaft 65 by a key 101, to the shaft 65 and is held against axial displacement upon the shaft by set collars 102 and 103.

The gear 89 or 90 when shifted by the shaft 65 will not be totally disengaged from its rack 47 until the locking member 93 or 94 has engaged the hole 92 of the rack 47. At the same time the movement of the shaft 65 and the gear will cause either the gears 76 and 88 of the shaft to engage the respective drive wheels 35 and 36, as shown in Fig. 4, so as to move the rear of the vehicle to the right or the engagement of gears 77 and 87 with the drive wheels 36 and 37 to cause the drive wheels to move the rear end of the vehicle to the left assuming the electric motor 59 to drive the pulley 63 in the direction of the arrow.. The gear shift rods 74 and 75 are connected to the opposite ends of an operating bar 104 that is pivoted at 105 to some portion of the vehicle within the cab and near to the operator. This bar 104 has an arm 106 which can be grasped by the operator and when pivoted to one position or the other from a neutral position as shown in Fig. 16 the gear shifter 64 will cause the drive wheels 35 and 36 to be driven to move the vehicle either to the right or the left. The cable 60 for the electric motor 59 has three wires, one of which is ground to a battery 107 and the other two of which are provided with contacts 108 and 109 that can be engaged by a switch arm 110. The electric motor has opposite windings and either one of the windings can be energized by the movement of the switch am 110 to either contact the arm 108 or 109 whereby the motor will be driven in either one direction or the other. After the vehicle has been moved to one side or the other, the gear shifter can be moved to the neutral position so as again engage gears 89 and 90 with the respective racks 47 and at the same time disengage the lock members from the racks and upon changing the direction of rotation of the reversible motor and with the help of the tension springs 53, the racks 47 and the drive wheels 35 and 36 are elevated. The drive wheels will be held in this position until it is again desired to extend them to the ground to elevate the vehicle again.

At times the drive wheels can be lowered lightly for instantaneous engagement with the ground While the vehicle is moving so that these drive wheels can be used to prevent the skidding of the vehicle over an icy road surface. In order that an effective digging action is had with the ice, a series of tiltable engaging cutting wheels 111 are provided on the bottom thereof. These cutting wheels are respectively nested in recesses 112 in the bottom of the Wheel. Into each recess 112 there extends a bifurcated spring mounting plate 113 that is secured to the bottom of the wheel by rivets 114. The bifurcations have bearings 115 and 116 in which a wheel shaft 117 is journalled. This shaft 117 has an intermediate ball formation 118 on which a hub 119 is secured by a retaining plate 120 fixed thereto at the opposite side of the ball center. The rim of the wheel is in the form of a cylindrical sleeve 121 that surrounds the hub 119 and is secured thereto by fastening screws 122. The wheel 111 can be tilted to one side or the other due to the ball 118 acting as a bearing, in order to expose end serrations 123 or 124 to the icy surface and prevent the skidding of the vehicle.

It is provided that at least three of the wheels 111 will simultaneously engage the ground surface as illustrated in Fig. 10 so that a triple anti-skidding effect is had. The drive wheels can be momentarily brought down into place by operating the switch arm 110 until engagement is had with the ground and by slippage of the pulley belt 32 on the motor or disengaging the contact arm 110 the drive wheels can be returned to their elevated positions until they are again needed for preventing another skidding of the vehicle.

It should now be apparent that there has been pro vided a'parking device in the form of two large drive wheels adapted to be lowered to the ground from the rear of the vehicle to lift the axle and the vehicle so that its wheels will be oif the ground and the rear of the vehicle placed under the control of the drive wheels 35 by rotating the latter which can be driven in either one direction or the other to park the rear of the vehicle either to the right or to the left.

It should also be apparent that there has been provided a common drive mechanism for effecting the lifting action by lowering the supporting racks and upon the drive shaft being shifted will cause the drive wheels to be drivingly connected thereto.

It will also be apparent that the same mechanism which has been provided for the parking of the vehicle can also be used as an anti-skid device for the vehicle as it moves over an icy road surface.

While various changes may be made in the detailed construction, it shall be understood that such changes shall be within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a vehicle parking device, a pair of ground engaging drive wheels each having upper and lower sides including a rear gear formation on each of said upper sides with teeth directed upwardly with respect to said upper side, means pivotally attached to said vehicle and extending longitudinally thereof for tilting movement of a portion of said means between a lowered lifting position and a retracted raised position with respect to said vehicle, means rotatably mounting said drive wheels on said portion to move therewith whereby said wheels rotate in a plane parallel to said portion and whereby when said portion is tilted to a lowered lifting position said wheels are inclined for engagement of their lower ends with the ground, a common po/Wer operated shaft journalled on said portion, above said ring gear formations and extending thereacross and including means for the axial displacement thereof, gears secured on said shaft and adapted to simultaneously engage a corresponding opposite side of each of said ring gear formations to drive the wheels in the same direction, said axially shifting means when actuated effecting the engagement of said gears with either one side or the other side of said ring gear formations for driving said wheels in either one direction or the other to effect the parking movement of the vehicle either to the right or left relative to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

2. In a vehicle parking device as defined in claim 1, and said pivotally attached means includes rearwardlyextending elongated wheel supporting plates, and in which an elongated gear rack is provided, means longitudinally-adjustably securing said rack in the elongated wheel supporting plates, said power operated shaft having pinion gears engageable with said racks so that the racks may be powered longitudinally through the supporting plates, control link members pivotally connected to the rear ends of the rack and means adapted for the pivotally anchoring of said links to the rear of the vehicle whereby said common shaft may serve to lower the wheels into their lifting positions.

3. In a vehicle parking device as defined in claim 2, and lock means on said common power-operated shaft and engageable with said racks upon the power-operated shaft being adjusted to effect the connection of its gears, and the disengagement of the pinion gears from the racks.

4. In a vehicle parking device as defined in claim 3, wherein the vehicle is provided with a frame and an intermediate member extends across the Sides of the vehicle frame, and return tension biasing springs extend between said intermediate member and said elongated wheel supporting plates and serve to assist in the return of the drive wheels to their elevated positions on the vehicle.

5. In a vehicle parking device as defined in claim 2, and said pivotally attached means for the drive wheels further includes clamping plate attachments for securement of the forward ends of the elongated Wheel supporting plates to the rear axle of the vehicle, said supporting plates being pivotally secured to the clamping plates.

6. In a vehicle parking device as defined in claim 5, and a transverse tie plate connected between the forward ends of the wheel supporting plates and a reversible electric motor mounted on said tie plate and pulley and belt means extending between the motor and the poweroperated drive shaft.

7. In a vehicle parking device as defined in claim 6, and a bracket connected to said transverse tie plate, said shaft axial displacing means including a shaft shifting lever pivoted on said bracket and engageable with said power operated shaft, means further connected to the bracket and to the shifting lever to operate the latter whereby said power-operated drive shaft can be axially adjusted for driving the wheels in either one direction or the other.

8. In a vehicle parking device as defined in claim 1, and each of said drive Wheels having a plurality of recesses around the lower side thereof, small ground engaging anti-skid digging wheels and means for mounting said digging wheels in the respective recesses for tilting movement to one side or the other to expose the edges of the wheel to the ground surface.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,283,948 Ridgway May 26, 1942 2,364,553 Rische Dec. 5, 1944 2,650,679 Durkin Sept. 1, 1953 2,700,426 Harless Ian. 25, 1955

Images