US288327A - g-oddard - Google Patents

Description

2 SheetsSheet 1.

(No Model.)

04L. GODDARD. PIGKER 011 OPENER FOR PIBROUS MATERIALS.

- No. 288,327. Patentd Nov. 13, 1888.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

0. L. GODDARD: PIGKER OR OPENER FOR FIBRQUS MATERIALS.

No. 288,327. Patented N v. 1s, 1883.

l lllllllllllllllllllnlll'lll-l-llu lll'u ll Ill [Ill-I'll] rllllLlll ll|l||| Mam m CALVIN L. GODDARD,

PATENT 7 ()FFiCE. r i

I v OF NEW YORK, Y.

PICKlER oR OPENERFOR FIBROUS MATERIALS.

SPBCI FICATION forming part ofLettersPatent No. 288,327, dated. November 13., 1883.

Application filed Xovember 29, 1881. (No model) To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that. I, CALVIN L. GODDARD,

of the city and county of New York, in the Stateof New York, have invented certain new and .useful. Improvements in Pickers or Openers for Fibrous Materials, of which the following is a specification. I

An important object of my invention isto provide a more effective andfdesirable machine for opening yarn Waste to bring it to its originalfiber withoutbreaking the fibers into shoddy, and thus prepare such material for .WOI'king up into fine yarn either alone or with M I I new stock; but my improvements are wholly I or in part applicable to pickers or openers for working,othermaterials. V

. My invention consists in the combination, with toothed opening or picking. cylinders, of

I. a novelfeed apparatus, hereinafter particularly described, and comprising feed-rolls between which the stock passes, and which are provided with teeth inclined rearwardpr backward relativelyto the direction in which the stock moves, and a comb-plate or toothed plate, whereby the feedro lls have afirm hold upon the material being workedand prevent the material frombeing drawnforward too rapidly bythe opening or picking cylinder. I

The invention also consists in a novel construction of. the hooked teeth 'of the opening or picking cylinder, whereby their points may be repeatedly renewed by simple grinding of the outer edges, such teeth being preferably formed. with two points at their opposite edges, and adapted to be secured in the cylin der so that either point will be operative.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a longitudinal vertical section of a machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents a similar section, on a larger scale, of the feed apparatus and a part of the adjacent opening or picking cylinder, Fig. 3 represcnts a longitudinal section of the two end por- 7 tions of said cylinder, part thereof beingbroke'n end viewof the cylinderhavingaportionbroken away to economize space. Fig. 4 represents an away. Fig.5 represents a perspective view of one of my improved teeth.

s Fig. 6 repre-v IQ sents a face View of a portion of a comb-plate; employed in the feed apparatus. I Fig. 7 represents a detail section of a portion-of one of the workers of the first opening-cylinder; and Fig. 8 is a diagram of one side of the machine, showing in outline themechanism for operat ing the several parts thereof. Similar letters ofreference designate correresponding parts in all the figures.

. A designates the frame of the machine,and B designates the opener or picker cylinder, the construction of which I will first describe. The cylinder here represented is composed of a single castinghaving heads B cast integral with it, and provided with hubs B in which the shaft of the cylinder is fixed. riphery of the cylinder are a number of 1011- gitudinal grooves, a, which are undercut or dovetailed, and which maybe formed by planing the cylinder froin'end to end. In the grooves a are inserted theteeth 1), whereby the opening of the yarn or other material is effected, and the form of which is shownmost clearly in Fig. 5. These teethare out from sheet-steel of suitable thickness say about sixteen gageand are formed with dovetailed shanks b, adapted to fit snugly in the grooves a in the cylinder. The teeth have arc-formed tops and V-shapcd or sharpened edges, which extend from theirshanks outward, the opposite edges being divergent from their shanks outward. The teeth are of uniform thickness within the bevel of their edges. Thesharpened edges of the teeth form acute angles with their outer edges, and, though the double pointed teeth are desirable, teeth having only one edge sharpened might be used, the back edges of the teeth being of any desired form.

The teeth b are inserted in the dovetail grooves a in the cylinder, at the ends thereof, and pack-v ing-pieces b are placed between the teeth, as. seen in Fig. 3, so that there willbe about'eight teeth to the inch. The teeth are retained in the grooves a by means of a solid ring, e, securely bolted to one end of the cylinder, and segmental sections orclamps a bolted to the other end of the cylinder; The several segw mental sections or clamps c, are shown clearly in Fig. 2, they being equal in number to the number of grooves in the cylinder, and they together form a ring and mutually support each other laterally. Whenever it is desired to remove the teeth in any groove,- for renew ing any of them in case of breakage, or for any other purpose, all that is necessary is to remove the clamp c opposite that groove,which may be done without disturbing the teeth in any of the other grooves. The use of separate packing-pieces between the teeth in the several groovesis also very much'more desirable than a packing-ring would be, because when separate packingpieces are usedthe teeth in adjacent rows may be placed in staggered relation to each other, so that the teeth in one row will be opposite the spaces between the teeth in adjacent rows. This may be done by inserting at the beginning of any row a packing-piece which is thinner than the others. The solid ring 0 and the clamps c are secured to the cylinder by means of bolts 0 and both the ring and clamp are fitted into annular grooves or seats in the ends of the cylinder, and are themselves recessed for the bolt-heads on the outer side, so that when put together the ends of the cylinder are flush, as clearly seen in Fig. 3. The fan-shaped form of the teeth I and the sharpening them on both edges are very advantageous,because after one point of the teeth gets dull the cylinder B may be reversed end for end, or the teeth reversed in the several grooves, so as to bring the other points into action, .thus giving the teeth a double life, and after both pointshave been worn dull they may be. renewed by grinding off the outer edges or tops of the teeth while they are in the cylinder. Thus it will be seen that, as the opposite edges of the teeth are sharp clear down to their shanks b, a slight grinding of the outer edges will renew the points, and this grinding may be repeated until the teeth are worn almost down to their shanks b. The first opening-cylinder, B, rotates upward, as indicated by the arrow in Figs. 1 and 2, and has five workers, 0, which are supported in bearings upon an arch, G,

in the usual way, as, seen clearly in Fig. 1. The teeth of the several workers are preferabl'y formed of toothed steel rings (1, as seen in Fig. 7, having packing-rings d inserted between them. The toothed rings d of the first worker may be made of sixteen-gage steel and set ten rings to the inch, the rings of the second worker of twenty-gage steel set twelve rings to the inch, and the rings of the other worker of twenty-two gage steel set fourteen rings to the inch. These dimensions may of course be departed from for working different materials. 7

D designates a fancy, whichloosens the stock from the teeth of the opener-cylinder and insures its easy delivery'to the doffer E. The fancy and doffer may be of any ordinary construction, but I prefer to make the toothed rings of the latter of twenty-two gage steel set eleven rings to the inch.

I have shown only one construction of the opener-cylinder B; but the construction and arrangement of the teeth here represent'edare very desirable, and maybe used with a skeleton cylinder having longitudinal grooved bars,

or a cylinder of any other suitable construetion. Y

I will now describe the feeding apparatus for feeding material to the cylinder B and holding it back while the teeth of the cylinder act upon it.

F designates the feeding-apron by whic the material or stock is. carried forward, and which is carried by rollers F. The feed (represented most clearly in Fig. 2) comprises a large feed-roll, G, an intermediate roll, H, and a small roll, I, a comb-plate casting or stock, J, and a comb-plate, 6. (Shown in face view in Fig. 6.) The face of the comb-plate casting or roll, H, and the small roll I both rotate at the 1 same peripherical velocity as the large feedroll G, and the direction of their rotation is indicated by arrows in Fig. 2. The large roll G and the intermediate roll, H, comprise toothed rings and interposed packing-rings, like the several workers 0. The rings of the roll G may be of sixteen-gage steel set eight rings to the inch, lengthwise of the roll, and the rings of the roll H may be of sixteen gage set about six to the inch. The small roll I consists of alongitudinal grooved shaft, and it is set as near the comb-plate e as possible, the lower portion of the comb-plate casting being as thin as is consistent with necessary strength.

I The chief requisites in a feed for a machine of this class are to secure such afirm hold on the yarn or other stock that it shall not be drawn through faster than the surface speed of the rolls, so as to insure its thorough opening and to hold the stock as near as possible to the teeth of the opener-cylinder, so that it shall be well opened at that point. The three rolls have their teeth hooked or standing backward in a direction opposite to that in which they rotate and to the direction in which the stock moves, so as to hold back upon the stock. The stock enters between the large roll G and the intermediate roll, H, and these rolls, in conjunction with the small roll I, carry the stock forward-between them until it comes between the comb-plate e and the large roll G. Both the rolls H and I tend to fasten the stock to the teeth of the roll G, and the latter carries the stock to the comb-plate e, across the toothed edge of which it is opened by the .teeth of the opener-cylinder B. Y The teeth of the opener-cylinder B strip the stock from the feed-roll G, which is facilitated by the back ward inclination of the teeth of said roll, and

operate on the stock held against the combnot have caught attheir intersection with the gIo comb-plate. At the top of the casting J are flanges or offsets f, which are bolted to the top of the feed-roller standards K. The stand ards K are so constructed as to have the intermediateand small rolls H and I and the combplatecasting J firm and unyielding; and there is a spring at the bottom of the box of the large roll G, so thatit will accommodate itself to the thickness of the feed of the stock. The spring may consist of a rubber block, g. (Shown dotted in Fig. 2.)

Although I prefer to use feed'rolls having toothed rings and interposed packing -rings for cotton and yarn waste, feed-rolls having other kinds of teeth may be used for wool and other materials. The feed would work if the intermediate roll, H, were dispensed'with, but not as well, for two small rolls, and one large roll are equivalent to two pairs of feeds. One upper roll instead of two would require to be much larger thanthe roll I now is, and there would be a longer distance to the bite of the t rolls for the stock to be held against the combplate casting by the larger roll. If the opener cylinder B were rotated in the opposite direction, or downward, the whole feed should be reversed, the large roll G being above and the two rolls H I and the comb-plate 6 below.

i For some materials only one opener-cylinder is necessary, and when .so the machine as above described is complete; but for other materials it is desirable to employa second stripped from the doffer E and delivered to the second cylinder by a doffer, E, and above the second cylinder, L, are six worker's, M, and

t afancy, N, the workers having about sixteen u the second cylinder, L, by a doffer, O, which rings to the inch. The stock is stripped from may have about fourteen rings to the inch,

and by a second doffer, 0, having about fourteen rings to the inch, the stock is delivered to a finishing-cylinder, P The finishingcylinder has toothed steel rings, about twenty to from thedoffer it is removed by a doffer-comb,

T, or by a brush, if preferred. 1 y I will now describe, briefly, the driving mechanism which is employed,and which may be understood from the outline View, Fig. 8.

Upon the second opener-cylinder, L, are fast and loose pulleys, which are driven by a belt from any suitably-arranged countershaft.

The said second opener-cylinder also carries a pulley, h,from which motion is transmitted by a belt, h, to a pulley, h on the finishingcylinder 1?, and over this belt h is placed a second belt, h which drives onto a'pulley, h, on the first opener-cylinden B. To drive the doffer E of the first opener-cylinder, mo-

tion is transmitted from apulley, i, onthe sec- 0nd opener-cylinder, L, by a belt, 2', to a pulley, d having secured to it a pinion, Z, which gears into a wheel, Z. Secured to the wheel i is a pinion, '5 which gears with a wheel, Z 011 the shaft of the doffer E. The feed-roll G is driven from a pulley, i, on the doffer E by a belt, Z passing over a pulley, i, on the shaft of the feed-roll G. On the same shaft is a gear-wheel, 72 engaging with gear-wheels i Z on the feed-rolls H I. On the box of the first opener-cylinder, B, is a gear-wheel, j, which is driven by a gear-wheel j the pulley j of which is driven by a belt, j, from a pulley, j, on the shaft of thedoffer E. The workers O of the first opener-cylinder, B, are driven from the large gear-wheel j by pinions j. On the box of the second opener-cylinder, L, is a large gear-wheel, 70, which receives motion from t doffer E. The workers M of the second opener-cylinder, L, are driven from the large gearwheel by pinions is". second opener-cylinder, L, is provided with a pulley, Z, and receives motion by a belt, Z,

The fancy N of the from a pulley, Z on the shaft of the second opener-cylinder,L. The shaft of the doffer O of the second opener-cylinder, L, is provided with a gear-wheel, Z which receives motion from a pinion, Z", on a stud, Z.

The pinion Z rotates with a pulley, Z, which receives 1notion by a belt, Z from a pulley, Z, on the shaft of the second opener-cylindenL. The finisher doffer S is provided with a gear-wheel,m, which is driven by a pinion, m, on a stud, m and on said stud is apulley, m,which receives motion by a belt, m, from a pulley, W", on the shaft of the finishing-cylinder P. On the box of the finishingfcylinder P is a large wheehn,

which drives the workers Q through pinions n, and itself receives motion from a pinionm mounted on a stud, a, on which is also mounted a pulley, at. The pulley n receives motion by a belt, W", from a pulley, it, on the doffer O of the second opener-cylindenIn' On the finisher-fancy It is a pulley, 0, which receives motion by abelt, 0, from a pulley, 0 on the shaft of the finishing-cylinder P, Referring now to thesizes and speeds of the fourths, two and three-fourths, and one and three-fourths inches diameter, respectively, and the large roll G may make about five revolutions a minute, while the others travel at the same peripherical velocity. The first opener-cylinder,B,may be about sixteen inches diameter and make about five hundred revolutions per minute. The second opener-cylinder, L,may be about thirty inches in diameter and make about two hundred and twenty-five revolutions per minute; and the, finishing-cylinder may be about thirteen inches in diameter and make about two hundred and fifty revolutions per minute. The several workers, fan

cys, and dofiers should be run at speeds proportionate to those above stated.

Although the sizes and speeds of revolution above stated for the several feed-rolls and opener and finishing cylinders are very desirable for working certain kindsof stock, they may not be the best adapted for other kinds, and they may be departed from as much as may be found desirable or necessary.

- I am aware that a picker-cylinder has been made in which the teeth are inserted in longitudinal grooves in the cylinder, and are separatedby packing-rings which entirely surround the cylinder, and I do not claim such construction as my invention. v

What I claim as my invention, and desire to .secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a picker or opener cylinder, of a feed comprising rolls between which the stock passes, and which are provided with teeth inclined backward or rearward relatively to the direction in which the stock moves, and a comb-plate over the toothed edge of which the stock is drawn by the cylinder, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. A tooth for an opener-cylinder, having an arc-formed top and a V-shaped or sharpened front edge, and being of uniform thickness behind the bevel of the edge, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with an opener-cylinder, of double-pointed reversible teeth secured therein, substantially as specified.

4. The teeth I) for an opener-cylinder, having their opposite edges divergent and sharpened, substantially as specified.

CALVIN L. GODDARD.

Witnesses:

JAMES F. RUSSELL, J Mans 13. MIRIOK.

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