US287506A - William cbabb - Google Patents

Description

. UNITED STATES PATENT" OFFiC WILLIAM omen, or NEWARK, New JERSEY.

TOOTH FOR GI LLING HACK LING MACHINES.

srncrrrcnrroiv formingpart of Iietters Patent No. 287,506, dated Application filed August 17, 1883. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WVrLLIAM-CRABaa citizen of the United States, residing in the cityof Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Teethfor Gilling and Hackling Machines, of which the following is a specification.

I My, invention relates more especially to that cl ass of combing apparatussu ch as hacklin g,

gilling, and similar machinesin which fibrous substances are treated .to obtain parallelism and uniformity of arrangement of the fibers, although it is equally applicable to a variety of other machines of substantially the same operation and construction. 'Its object is to obtain a substitute tooth to take the place of those broken or worn out in use, which may be made from the same sized Wire, and which shall be practically the equivalent of the original or preceding teeth in size and uniformity, and at the same time shall fittightly and com- 7 mounted so as to project in rows from suitable beds or backings, usually formedof iron or other comparatively soft metal, while the teeth after having the proper shape imparted to them are usually hardened before use. The

teeth themselves are usually made from wire of standard sizes, varying more or less according to the style of machine and the nature of the work to be done, but always being uniform" in diameter for any prescribed purpose. While the outer or upper ends areformed and'sharpened according to the particular purpose for which they are designed, their inner or lower extremities are left cylindrical for thefull diameter of the original wire, and these cylindrical ends are inserted into cylindrical holes or sockets in the base-pieces, which practically correspond in diameter to .the size of the wire,

used; but the holes or sockets are always made sufficiently tight and small to necessitate the ened tooth intoplace, otherwise the latter would soon work loose when subjected to use. It is obvious that in thus securing the original teeth in position the comparatively-soft substance of the bed-pieces or backing must be compressed more or less around the hard October .30, 188 3.

body of the tooth, and consequently when the latter is forced therefrom its socket or hole will be of larger area than it was originally. 5 5

For this reason it has heretofore been practically impossible to replace the old teeth with new ones made from the same standard of wire, since the cylindrical part of the new tooth of standard size will fit but loosely in the old that used for the preceding teeth; butiin such, 6 5 7 cases the shanks or cylindrical portions of the new'teeth have to be ground down orotherwise reduced in diameter to bring them within proper size for engagement with the sockets, 7 since the enlargementof the latter from the cause set forth is, while sufficient to prevent the use of the old diameter of cylindrical shank, still very slight. p

My invention consists in a tooth formed in the usual manner from cylindrical wire, but having the shank or portion which is designed to rest in the bed or plate flattened or otherwise distorted from its original shape while the blank is in a soft state, in such manner that itwill present in cross-section an increased radial projection at one or more points, so that when tempered or hardened and driven into the socket vacated by a discarded tooth,

it may be made to displace or compress more or less of the material constituting the walls of the socket, and thus secure for itself a permanent and rigid attachment.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a'longitudinal section of a portion of one of the cross-bars or backings in which the teeth 0 are mounted for use" in that class of combingmachines in which the combs thus'formed are carried upon an endless belt. Fig.2 is aview of the under side of the portion shown in Fig.

1. Fig. 3 is an elevation, enlarged, of one of 5 the ordinary teeth; and Fig. 4, a plan of aportion of one of the cross-pieces or backings; showing the usual cylindrical holes or sockets for the reception of the shanks of the teeth. Figs. 5 and 6 are, respectively, elevations at right angles with relation to each other of my improved substitute tooth; and Fig. 7, aview dotted lines.

In the drawings, A A represent portions of the ordinary cross-pieces or comb-backs,

formed with the usual cylindrical holes or sockets, a, for the reception of the teeth 13. The latter are formed in the usual manner from untempered cylindrical wire, the upper or projecting ends being reduced and sharpened by grinding. The shanks b, however,of the duplicate teeth 13, instead of being left cylindrical,asheretofore,aresubjectedtopressure in such manner that their shape in crosssection is changed so as to present augmented radial extensions in one or more directions. This is preferably done by simply flattening the shank b by hammering, passing between rollers, 'or other well-known means. The blanks or teeth thus as a whole are then subjected to any of the well-known processes of hardening or tempering. lVhen the original or preceding teeth B, which Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 are designed to show, have become worn or broken, or for any reason need replacing, they are forced out of the sockets a in the crossbars, leaving the said sockets slightly increased in area as compared with their original condition. Into the sockets thus vacated the shanks b of my substitute teeth 13 are forced, their increased radial projection in one or more directions compressing and displacing the comparatively-soft material composing the adjoining walls of the sockets, somewhat in the manner indicated in Fig. 7, in which the previous circular form of the sockets is indicated by the dotted lines. The supplementary teeth thus forced into position are held as firm and rigid by the cross-bars as the original teeth, and, being made of the same standard of wire, and their form above the shank being identical, they practically constitute perfect duplicates or substitutes, which can be made and applied as cheaply as the originals. It is obvious that the same result may be attained by other means than that of simply flattening the cylindrical shank-as for instance, by any change in shape in the cross-section of the original shank, as will be seen by reference to Figs. 8 and 9and I do not, therefore,wish to confine myself to any particular configuration of shank; but

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

As an article of manufacture, a substitute tooth for replacing the teeth of gilling, hacklin g, and similar machines for treating fibrous substances, made from cylindrical wire of the same diameter as the original tceth,and formed with a shank having one or more radial projections, which exceed the radius of the hole or socket into which it is to be forced, substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.

"WILLIAM CRABB.

Witnesses:

Gno. W. MIATT, WM. GARDNER.

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