US2853988A - Charge forming attachment for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

CHARGE FORMING ATTACHMENT FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed oct. :51, 1957 Sept. 30, 1958 J. PEREPOLKIN 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept. 30, 1958 PEREPOLKIN CHARGE FORMING ATTACHMENT FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed 001:. 31, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 w I!!! I I Ill/ll I J ll/l United States Patent O CHARGE FORMING ATTACHMENT FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES John Perepolkin, Campbell River, British Columbia, Canada Application October 31, 1957, Serial No. 693,593

2 Claims. Cl. 123-133) My invention relates to charge'forming devices for internal combustion engines, particularly having reference to an attachment for use on an engine equipped with a carburetor.

In the charging of internal combustion engines by the use of carburetors an abnormally high ratio of fuel to air results with consequent shortage of oxygen for complete combustion. The result is high carbon monoxide production, increased carbon deposits in the combustion chamber and burning of exhaust valves, and further the full power is not obtained proportionate to the fuel consumption.

The present device overcomes to a large extent these deficiencies by use of an auxiliary charge forming attachment designed to form a mixture of fuel and air in which a low rate in fuel consumption is obtained. To this end I have provided an attachment for internal combustion engines equipped with the conventional carburetor for use with the intake from the carburetor, but eliminating the carburetor for fuel feeding other than for initial starting and for preheating the engine exhaust manifold.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment of my invention:

Fig. l is a side view of an engine with my improved charge forming attachment, shown with the attachment casing broken away.

Fig. 2 is a top view of same, shown with the casing and manifold intakes and outlets broken away.

Fig. 3 is a somewhat diagrammatic side view of the charge forming apparatus, shown largely in section and broken away.

Fig. 4 shows a side view of the fuel feed injection attachment, shown partly in section and in part broken Patented Sept. 30, .1958

each formed by a .threesided rectangular cut in the disc with the cut part 11 bent inward and the connected side of the out part extending radially of the disc, so that air in passing through the disc may cause it to rotate.

Within the chamber 6 the exhaust manifold of the engine, indicated in this showing by the numeral 12, ,is formed with a flat wall portion .13 on the inside of which is .a series of .inclined ribs 14 designed to provide a larger heating area for the wall portion 13.

On the outside of this wall portion 13 is a shell 15 with perforations 16 and an inlet at 17 in which a fuel injection needle casing 18 is mounted by a boss 18' threaded in a suitable inlet in the-chamber 6. The needle casing 18 has mounted to slide endwise therein a needle 19- with tapered end 20 adapted to .close .a complementary tapered outlet 21 in the casing. The needle further includes a collar 22 and stem 23 thereon mounted endwise slidable in an end closure cap 24 on the casing 18, the stem having a head 25 by which it may be connected to be manipulated. The stem 23 further includes a coiled spring 26 bearing against the collar 22 and held at the other end against a suitable packing member with collar 27 in the cap 24.

away, and including a fragment of the vaporizing shell.

Fig. 5 is a side edge view of the air turbulence creating disc, shown in attachment to a fragment of the charge forming casing wall.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the turbulence creating disc taken by itself.

Fig. 7 is a detail view of a fragment of the air turbulence creating disc.

Fig. 8 is an outlet end view of the fuel injection attachment.

Having reference to the drawings, I provide a primary air heating casing 1 embracing the engine manifolds and through which the air for my improved charging forming attachment is passed, the air entering the casing through a pipe 2 with inlet 3 whichwould be equipped with a suitable filter. In Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings the intake and exhaust manifolds for the engine are respectively indicated by numerals 4 and 5. The heated air from the casing 1 is conveyed to a charge forming chamber 6 (Fig. 3) through a pipe 7 by inlets 8 in the chamber wall.

At the inlet from the pipe 7 I provide an air turbulence creating attachment consisting of a disc 9 attached to the chamber wall by a bolt 10 on which the disc is free to turn. The disc 9 provides a series of perforations 11,

The casing 18 includes an inlet nipple 28 with communicating pipe 29, and this pipe would be connected to be supplied by the engine fuel pump, the pulsations for which would be smoothed out by a pressure chamber at 38.

Fuel injected into the shell 15 from the fuel injection needle is vaporized by the heated surface of the ribbed wall portion 13 of the exhaust manifold and mixed with air entering through the pipe 2. This air is drawn by engine suction through an outlet 31 that includes a hinged closure trap 32, a remote connection for which would be provided, preferably linking with the engine carburetor throttle valve and connected by a lever arm 45 ,on the trap hinge mounting to operate the trap 32.

The outlet 31 for the combustion chamber discharges through an inlet 33 into a fuel inlet chamber 34 connected to receive fuel from a conventional carburetor by a pipe 35 with throttle valve 36 that is adapted to be actuated by a control lever 46.

The valve 36 would be open and the trap 32 closed in starting the engine and warming the exhaust manifold, and fuel from the carburetor would be used. When the exhaust manifold is warm the valve 36 is closed and trap 32 opened to feed the engine from the charge forming device. The chamber 34 discharges through an air turbulence creating disc 37 attached free to turn on a bolt 39 in the end wall 38 of chamber 34, this disc being similar to disc 9, and enters the engine intake manifold, indicated here by the numeral 40, through inlets at 41, the manifold 12 discharging through a pipe 47.

The charge forming chamber 6 would include an opening at 42 to provide access to the chamber and a closure plate 43 attached over the opening by screws 44.

In the use of the device, after the engine has been start ed through the use of the carburetor and the exhaust manifold 12 heated to sufficiently warm the plate 13, the trap 32 is opened and throttle 36 closed, and at the same time the needle valve member 19 is retracted, allowing fuel to enter the shell 15, where it becomes vaporized and mixed with air drawn through the air turbulence disc 9. The mixture so formed enters the chamber 34 through the trap opening 31 and chamber inlet 33, and is drawn into the intake manifold 40 of the engine through the air turbulence disc 37 and manifold inlets 41.

This charge forming arrangement eliminates the use of a throttling valve in the charge passage, the charge being regulated only by actuation of the needle valve by the stem 23, and by this means the intake is not restricted. This results in a decrease of the carbon monoxide 3. hazard and in fuel consumption, also in carbon formation in the combustion chambers and the burning of exhaust valves. Further, an increase in the power output results.

Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention What I claim and wish to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a charge forming attachment for an internal combustion engine of a character providing carburetor means and including intake and exhaust manifolds, a casing through which said manifolds pass, a charge forming chamber in the casing having an opening in which a heat ed surface portion of the exhaust manifold is exposed, said chamber providing an air inlet and a fuel delivery outlet, a fuel injection needle valve device mounted to deliver fuel to the exposed heated surface portion of the exhaust manifold, a fuel inlet chamber to which the fuel delivery outlet from the charge forming chamber delivers, said fuel inlet chamber being adapted to receive 4- fuel from a carburetor in the engine and said fuel inlet chamber having an outlet connected for delivery of fuel therefrom to the engine intake manifold, turbulence creating means in the air inlet to the charge forming chamber and the delivery outlet from the fuel inlet chamber, and a trap movable to close the fuel delivery outlet from the charge forming chamber.

2. A device as defined in claim 1 and including a shell on the heated exposed portion of the exhaust manifold and into which shell the fuel injection needle valve device delivers, said shell having a plurality of perforations therein adapted for discharge of vaporized fuel from the shell.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 866,525 Seeley et al Sept. 17, 1907 879,659 Low Feb. 18, 1908 1,284,643 Francisco Nov. 12, 1918

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