US2848991A - Oil burning heater structure - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 26, T958 1* FILE. 1

R. R. SMITH OIL BURNING HEATER STRUCTURE Filed Feb. 11, 1957 46 F"JE1'.E

W a M mil? Maw? Arron/vars United States Patent 2,848,991 OIL BURNING HEATER STRUCTURE Roy R. Smith, Chester, Minn. Application February 11, M57, Serial No. 639,527

9 Claims. (Cl. 126-94) This invention relates to an improvement in the structure of an oil burning-heater and particularly in an improvement of a draft control for the'combustion' chamber of'said heater. It is desirable to have means for supplying air in substantially uniform and known quantities to all portions of a combustion chamber and to have a conveniently located and easily operated means for precisely controlling the admission of said air to said combustion chamber. This application discloses a substantial differ- .ence in structure over the applicants previous application,

Serial No. 366,149, filed July 6, 1953, and now abandoned.

It is an object of this invention to provide an efficient oil burning heater of quite small overall dimensionhaving a draft control means for supplying substantially uniform amounts of air to all portions of the combustion chamber in said heater and having said control means conveniently located and easily operated for precise control of the draft thus created.

It is another object of this invention to provide an oil burning heater having a cylindrical casing having an open-ended heating tube therein of almost the same length as said casing and having the lower end of said tube resting on an air inlet extending inwardly a'nd upwardly of said casing for a short distance, a combustion chamber about said air inlet, and means at the top of said casing for raising and lowering said tube moving it away from and towards said air inlet for controlling the admission of air to said combustion chamber.

It is a further object of this invention to provide an oil burning heater of quite small overall dimension having a tubular casing having openings of reduced diameter in the upper and lower ends thereof, a heating tube in said casing coaxial therewith and open at each end, the upper end of said heating tube being rotatably attached to the upper end of said casing and opening to the atmosphere, a tubular portion about the inner end of said lower opening in said casing in circumferential alignment with said heating tube and forming an air inlet, means for moving said heating tube towards and away from said air inlet to vary the gap therebetween, and an annular combustion chamber about said air inlet.

It is a more specific object of this invention to provide an' outer casing substantially cylindrical in form having on opening of reduced diameter in each end thereof, an open-ended heating tube disposed in said casing and c axial therewith, the upper end of said heating tube being rotatably attached to the upper end of said casing whereby the upper end of said heating tube opens to the atmosphere, a cylindrical portion extending inwardly about the lower opening of said casing forming an air inlet and being in circumferential alignment with the lower end of said heating tube, cooperating means secured to the bottom of said tube and the upper end of said inlet portion for supporting said tube and for moving said tube towards and away from said inlet portion as said tube is" rotated, a smoke outlet in said casing adjacent the upper end 2,848,991 Patented Aug. 26, 1958 2 thereof, and baffle plates in said casing for diverting heat from escaping directly through said smoke outlet.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention will be fully set forth in the following description made in connection with the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views and in which:

Fig. 1 is a view in central vertical section of applicants device;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of applicants device;

Fig. 3 is'a view in horizontal section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1, as indicated by the arrows;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged partial vertical section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 1 as indicated 'bythe arrows, with a part thereof shown in diiferent positions in dotted line;

Fig. 5 is a broken view in horizontal section on an enlarged scale taken on line 55 of Fig. 4, as indicated by the arrows; and

Fig; 6 is a broken view in horizontal section on an enlarged scale taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 1, as indicated by the arrows.

Referring to the drawings, applicants oil buring heating structure is shown comprising an outer shell or casing 10. Said casing is preferably made of a metal sheet material, and in the embodiment of the invention here illustrated is of a general cylindrical form. Said casing has an upper end 11 having a circular opening 12 of reduced dimension therein concentric with said casing. Said casing has a bottom 14 having a circular opening 15 of feduced dimension therein concentric with said casing.

A plurality of leg members 17 are circumferentially spaced about said bottom 14 and are secured thereto, as by welding. A safety pan 1!) is disposed beneath said opening 15 having a somewhat larger diameter than said opening and being spaced somewhat downwardly from said bottom 14 and secured thereto by depending brackets 20. A fire door 22 is hingedly secured to said casing 10 at one side thereof at its lower portion.

An oil receptacle or oil trough 25 is secured in said casing and is here illustrated formed as annular channel or trough shaped'member substantially U'-shaped in radial section and having an outer upwardly extending rightangled flange 26 secured to the inner side of said member 10, as by welding. Said oil trough 25 is spaced upwardly somewhat from the bottom 14 of said member 10 and has an inner wall 27 vertically disposed and'forming a central opening 28 concentric with said openings 12 and 15.

Mounted on a bracket 30 which is secured to one side of said casing, as by welding, is an oil metering device 31. Said oil metering device is here indicated as being of a common gravity feed type and forms no part of the invention herein. An inlet conduit 33 connects said oil metering device to a source of fuel and a conduit 34 extends from said oil metering device through said casing into said oil trough 25. Said oil metering device 31 is shown provided with a fuel feed control means 32.

Adjacent the upper portion of said casing 10 is a smoke outlet 36 having an outwardly extending flange 37 thereabout in which is frictionally secured a smoke pipe 39 which will exhaust to the atmosphere.

Formed in said upper side 11 of said casing 10 is an annular groove 13 of some depth concentric with said opening 12 and having a somewhat greater diameter than said opening. Said groove is here shown as being substantially U-shaped in radial section.

Disposed in said casing 10 and in axial alignment therewith is a tubular member 40 forming a heating tube. Said tube 40 Will be formed to be in circumferential alignment with said inner wall 27 of said trough 2'5 and is of a length to extend substantially from the top of said casing to the upper end of said wall 27. Secured about the upper end of said tube 40 is an annular flange 42 having right angled depending inner and outer side portions 43 and 44. Said outer side is adapted to be disposed in said groove 13. Said inner side 43 will fit snugly against the periphery of said opening 12. Secured to the upper side of said flange 42 in diametric relation and upstanding therefrom are members 45 having enlarged head portions forming knobs or hand controls for lifting or rotating said tube 40. The upper end of said tube 40 is thus here shown open to the atmosphere. Circumferentially spaced about the lower edge portion of said tube 46 are a plurality of open-ended slits 46 preferably formed with sides which are tangential to the surface of said tube as indicated. Circumferentially spaced about said tube 40 and somewhat above said slits 46 are a plurality of spaced apertures 47 shown here formed in two parallel rows in staggered relation with sides tangential to the surface of said tube 40. Said slits and apertures are of quite small dimension and are adapted to provide just enough air to said oil trough 25 to support combustion.

Circumferentially spaced about the inner side of said wall 27 and secured along said inner side at an inclined angle are a plurality of brackets 49. Said brackets may be variously formed, but are here illustrated as being arc-shaped, substantially rectangular in cross section and of some length. Depending from the lower end of said tube 40 and circumferentially spaced about the inner surface thereof and secured thereto, as by welding, are pins 50. Said pins may be variously formed, but are here shown as being made of rod-like material of small dimension and are adapted to be supported on the upper surfaces of said brackets 49. Thus said tube will be moved towards and away from the upper end of said inner wall 27 by rotation of said tube 40 with said pins 50 moving on the upper surfaces of said inclined brackets 49. Indicated on the upper surface of said flange 42 and in cooperative relation therewith on the upper side of said casing are indicia forming a scale 51. Said scale 51 is calibrated to the relationship between pins 50 and brackets 49 so that upon rotation of said tube 40 it may be moved towards or away from the upper edge of said inner wall 27 a precise and known distance for positive and accurate control of admission of air through the opening 28 and into the combustion area in and above said oil trough 25, said air thus admitted being in addition to that admitted by said slits 46 and apertures 47.

Disposed in said casing 10 is a bafile plate 52 here formed semi-circular in plan having a right-angled flange at its side adjacent the wall of said casing and being secured to said casing, as by welding. The inner end of said'batfle will be spaced at short distance away from the surface of said tube 40. Said plate will be located in said casing at substantially a midpoint thereof and in alignment with said outlet 36. A second baffie member 54 is secured to said casing and disposed substantially about said opening 36 but having its upper edge portion spaced away somewhat from the upper end of said casing 10 whereby the smoke exhausted through said opening 36 will rise upwardly and move over the upper edge portion of said bafllle 54.

The overall dimension of said casing 10 is quite small and in the preferred embodiment here illustrated it is indicated as being approximately 26 inches in overall height and 11 inches in diameter with said heating tube being approximately five inches in diameter.

In operation, the oil trough 25 will be fed by gravity through said metering device 31 in a well known manner. A lighted match is simply dropped into said oil trough 25 to ignite the fuel and may be so dropped through said door 22. When said tube 40 is in its lowest position, it will rest on the upper edge of said inner wall 27. A sufficient amount of air will be admitted through the slits 46 and apertures 47 to support combustion. Air will rise upwardly through the opening 28 and then through said slits 46 and apertures 47 into the combustion area. The inclined sides of said slits and apertures provide the air moving therethrough with a swirling effect. By means of the applicants structure a very precise and definite control is maintained over the opening for admission of air. Said scale 51 as indicated is calibrated to the relationship between said pins 50 and brackets 49. By rotation of said tube 40 by means of the hand controls 45 at the top. of said casing 10, said tube 40 may be moved away from said inner wall 27 a definite distance for the admission of a known additional amount of air into the combustion area. By experiment the operator will soon learn what effect known additional amounts of air have in regard to the combustion of fuel in the burner, and thus with a little experience a very precise control can be maintained over the operation of the burner.

Bafile members 52 and 54 are provided to prevent heat from arising and escaping directly through said outlet 36. The heat is diverted sufficiently so that the portion which would be exhausted directly ordinarily is diverted to pass into said tube 40 and rise upwardly through the open end of said tube and into the area to be heated. Thus there is a maximum utilization of the heat produced in the burner.

There is adequate outlet for the escape of smoke upwardly around said baffle 54. Said baflie 54 also serves to prevent heat from being sucked outwardly through outlet 36 by varying atmospheric conditions, such as by a high wind.

Thus it is seen that I have provided a small, compact and efficient oil burner of simple construction in which is provided a conveniently located, easily operated yet precise control over the admission of air to the combustion area for a very efficient operation of the burner.

It will of course be understood that various changes may be made in the form, details, arrangement and proportions of the parts, without departing from the scope of applicants invention, which, generally stated, consists in a device capable of carrying out the objects above set forth, in the parts and combinations of parts disclosed and defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. An oil burning heater having in combination, a casing, a heating tube in said casing somewhat shorter than said casing and coaxial therewith, said tube being open at each end, the upper end of said tube being rotatably attached to the top of said casing, an air inlet at the bottom of said casing having a tubular portion extending inwardly of said casing in circumferential alignment with said tube, an oil trough about said tubular portion, cooperating means secured to the lower end of said tube and to said inlet portion for moving said tube toward and away from said tubular portion when said tube is rotated to control the movement of air into said oil trough.

2. An oil burning heater having in combination, a casing, a heating tube in said casing somewhat shorter than said casing and coaxial therewith, means for rotatably attaching said tube to the top of said casing, an air inlet at the bottom of said casing having a tubular portion extending upwardly thereinto in circumferential alignment with said tube, the lower portion of said tube being substantially in contact with said tubular portion, an oil trough about said tubular portion, cooperating means respectively circumferentially spaced about the lower end of said tube and the upper portion of said tubular portion for moving the lower end of said tube away from and towards said tubular portion as said tube is rotated.

3. The structure set forth in claim 2, a plurality of circumferentially spaced open-ended slits in the bottom edge of said tube having sides extending tangentially to the surface of said tube.

4. The structure set forth in claim 3, a plurality of apertures circumferentially spaced about the lower portion of said tube somewhatabove said slits and having sides extending tangentially to the surface of said tube.

5. An oil burning heater having in combination, a casing, a heating tube open at each end disposed in said casing and being coaxial therewith, said casing having a circular opening in its top and having an annular groove of some depth in said top concentric with said opening and having a somewhat larger diameter than said opening, a flange about the upper end portion of said tube, said flange having a depending outer edge portion adapted to be disposed in said groove, an air inlet at the bottom of said casing having a tubular portion extending upwardly thereinto in circumferential alignment with said heating tube, cooperating means at the bottom of said heating tube and the upper end of said tubular portion adapted to move said heating tube away from and towards said inlet portion when said tube is rotated, an annular oil trough disposed about said tubular portion, mean for supplying fuel to said oil trough, an outlet for exhausting smoke from said casing at one side thereof, and a semicircular baflie plate in said casing parallel to the ends thereof and in vertical alignment with said smoke outlet for diverting heat from said smoke outlet.

6. An oil burning heater having in combination, a substantially cylindrical casing having openings of reduced diameter in its upper and lower ends, a heating tube disposed in said casing coaxial therewith, a flange about the upper end of said heating tube overlying the upper end of said casing and adapted to be rotatably attached thereto, a tubular portion about said opening in the lower end of said casing extending upwardly into said casing in circumferential alignment with said tube, an annular oil trough about said cylindrical portion, a plurality of spaced inclined plates secured about the inner side of said cylindrical portion adjacent the upper edge thereof, a plurality of pins secured to the inner side of said heating tube and depending therefrom and adapted to be engaged by said plates whereby when said tube is rotated the engagement of said pins and said plates will move said tube towards and away from said tubular portion.

7. The structure set forth in claim 6, a semi-circular baffle plate in plan secured in said casing parallel to the ends thereof and having its inner edge portion spaced somewhat away from the surface of said tube, a smoke outlet in said casing adjacent the upper end thereof in central vertical alignment with said baflie plate, and a baffle plate substantially about said outlet having its upper portion spaced somewhat away from the upper end'of said casing.

8. The structure set forth in claim 6, an annular groove of some depth in the upper side of said casing having a diameter somewhat larger than the diameter of the upper opening in said casing, said heating tube having a flange secured about the upper end thereof, said flange having a depending portion adapted to be disposed in said groove, and cooperating means on said flange and the upper side of said casing for measuring the vertical movement of said tube when the same is rotated to determine the amount of air admitted through said inlet portion into said oil trough.

9. The structure set forth in claim 8, said flange having an inner depending portion adjacent said tube adapted to fit snugly against the periphery of said opening.

No references cited.

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