US284611A - Rock-pulverizer - Google Patents

Description

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ROCK PULVERIZER. No. 284,611 Patented Sept. 11,.1883.

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ROCK PULVERIZER.

o. 284,611. Patented Sept. 11,1883;

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.dttorney NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS M. CASE AND WILLIS CASE, or DENVER, COLORADO.

ROCK-PULVERIZER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 284,611, dated September 11, 1883,

' Application filed May Is, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, FRANCIS H. OAsE and WILLIS CASE, citizens of the United States of America, residing at Denver, in the county of Arapahoe and State of Colorado, have i11- vented certain new and useful Improvements in Rock-Pulverizers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to an improvement in p'ulverizers; and it consists in the construction, arrangement, and combination of parts, hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of my pulverizer; Fig. 2, a plan view, partly in section, of a similar machine slightly modified. Fig. 3 is an elevation, showing the principal parts of another form of my invention, with the feedroll and hopper in section; Fig. 4, a front view of the hopper, &c., and Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are details, which will be further explained hereinafter.

A represents the frame-work, which may be made in any suitable form, either of wood or metal, as may be convenient, which frame supports the vertical shaft B, running in a bearing near its upper end, and at the bottom in a suitable step on the sill, both of which may be of the ordinary or any suitable form. This shaft carries a table, O,which is formed, as shown in Fig. 5, with removable chilled-iron lining c, and having its edge a slightly raised, for a purpose hereinafter described.

Upon the top of the shaft B is secured a bevel-gear, D, meshing with a pinion, E, ona shaft, F, that carries two band-pulleys, G H.

At I is a fixed shaft or axle, having abend at i to make room for the vertical shaft, and fitting in blocks moving in'guides J in the irons J, attached to the uprights a of the frame. 011 this axle or, shaft revolve the rollers K K, which turn in opposite directions. v

L represents a vertical cast-iron muller, having an extension, Z, which forms a vertical shaft running in hangers M N, (See Figs. 6 and 7.) These hangersare made in a peculiar manner, both having ball-and-socket bearings m a, secured in place by the caps m n,.which are so constructed and arranged that the ballbearings may be set at any desired angle and secured there by the caps, so that the shaft Z may be run at any angle desirable. The upper hanger is secured in place by bolts passing through slots into the cross-beam a. The lower hanger is provided with an aperture fitting onthe axle or shaft I, where it can be secured in any desired position by a set-screw.

O is a hopper attached to the frame, as shown in Fig. 3, or to any suitable support, and provided with a sliding adjustable gate, P, held in place by straps p, or other suitable means, and having its upper edge turned at a right angle, so as to fit into a groove in the back of the hopper, (see Fig. 9,) and as said groove is inclined, as shown in Fig. 4, the gate rises or descends as it is moved sidewise, thus regulating the opening at the bottom of the hopper.

At Q is a feed-roll, mounted in aspout, B, attached to the hopper O, and having apertures or recesses cut in its face, (see Fig. 8,) to which roll motion is given by a band from pulley G, passing around pulley T, and thus a regulated amount of material is constantly fed down the spout B and drops on the table, near its center, and between the two rollers.

At S is a sheet-iron guard running half-way round the edge of the table and fastened to the uprights a a b, and is set just above the table, and as close as possible thereto without touching it.

The operation is as follows: Motion being imparted to the shaft F by a band passing over 8 5- the pulley H, or otherwise, the material in the hopper O is fed down in measured quantities upon the table 0, near its center, and from thence it works outward under the rollers K K, which roll over it as the table revolves, thus crushing the material into a comparatively fine state. As the material continues to pass outward it comes within range of the muller or mullers L, which are revolved at -muoh greater speed, and by their grinding action finely pulverize the material to such degree of fineness that sifting is unnecessary, and the troubleof that operation is therefore saved.

It will be observedthat owing to the edge of IOC the table being inclined upward, as shown in V Fig. 5, the muller only rests on the table at the extreme outer edge, thus leaving a gradually-decreasing space between the table and the bottom of the muller. This arrangement allows of a rapid movement being given to the muller, and allows the material to be more gradually brought under the action of the muller.

Owing to the rapid motion of the muller, it is apt to throw off the material over the edge of the table, and to avoid this we use the sheetiron guard S to inclose that part of it where the muller or mullers are placed, which prevents the material being thrown off.

In practical operation we use a scraper, U, fastened to any convenient part of the frame, arranged to scrape the material off the edge of the table and deposit it into a receptacle below, from which it may be carried by an elevator or conveyer for further treatment or to be stored for use, if the material is such as requires no further treatment.

WVe-have shown on Sheet 1 of the drawings two different styles of our machine, and on Sheet 2 another style. In Fig. 1 there are two rollers, KK, and one muller, L. In Fig. 2there are two rollers and two mullers, one muller being held in bearings like M N, before described, the first only of which is seen, and the second being held in similarbearings, of which the lower one only is seen, the upper one being represented as broken away. In Fig. 3, Sheet 2, a single roller and one muller are shown arranged on the opposite sides of the vertical shaft; or one roller and two mullers may be, employed by placing the latter at the opposite extremities of a line drawn parallel with the roller, but on the opposite side of the vertical shaft; 'or an additional muller may be added to the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 by placing one near the upright b. A fourth muller may also be used in addition to these three, if one is located at a point about opposite the upright b. In fact, any desired number of mullers may be used; but for most purposes one or two mullers will be suflicient. Either one of these different forms may be used at the will of the maker, according to the work to be done and the price to be paid for it, without departing from the spirit of our invention, as the use of two rollers or two mullers is simply adding parts to that form of our invention shown in Fig. 3.

In arranging the rollers and mullers care should be taken to so place them that they will counterbalance each other as nearly as possible. For this reason the muller L is made lighter than the roller K, (as will be seen by comparing the relative sizes of the two in the drawings,) because thelatter-is nearest the center. WVhere two rollers and one muller are used, as shown in Fig. 1, one of the rollers should be placed at a greater distance than the other from the center of the table; but where a pair of rollers and a pair of mullers are used, as in Fig. 2, the members of each pair may be arranged equidistant from the center.

' \Ve sometimes arrange the shaft or axle I a little to one side of the center of the table, as shown in Fig. 2, so that the weight of the muller or mullers will be counterbalanced thereby; but where two mullers are used the shaft can be set over the center of the table by arranging the mullers on the opposite sides. The arrangement of the axle I over the center of the table will, however, be found the most convenient in practical use, and it will also be found preferable to have the center of the axle a trifle higher than at the ends.

We have shown and prefer a table moving under the rollers; but it is obvious that machines having the main features of our invention may be made with a fixed table, over which the rollers and mullers are carried by a revolving frame. This, however, would require a different arrangement of the hopper, 810.

By this arrangement of the muller and rollers a most effectual pulverizer is made, which quickly and thoroughly pulverizes any material suited to its action, as it combines the effect of two different classes of machinesviz., those that have a crushing action by simply rolling over the material and those that pulverize the material by grinding.

The arrangement of the crushing-roller nearest the center of the table and the grindingmuller farther from the center thereof enables the material crushed by the roller to gradually find its way out to the muller without other assistance, and the lighter muller being arranged nearer the periphery of the wheelthan the roller has a greater effect in balancing the greater weight of the latter. Besides, this arrangement of the muller near the periphery, as shown, gives it a great speed without the necessity of gearing. \Ve have found this arrangement of the muller and roller particularly useful in grinding clay for the manufacture of fire-brick, especially for the species of clay found in our neighborhood, which is of a peculiar character. Any attempt to simply crush this clay by a series of rollers results in making it into flat cakes; but by the use of the roller for reducing the large lumps and then subjecting them to the action of the muller such cakes as are formed by the roller are torn and ground into fine powder. 7

The use of the regulated feed is very important in this machine, as by its use sifting may be dispensed with, whereas if the feed is irregular the material will not be ground to the same degree of fineness, because when the feed is too slow the effect will be to make the material extraordinarily fine; but, on the contrary, when the material is fed too fast, it is not reduced to the requisite degree of fineness, and will be irregularly ground.

We have shown the table as having its face near the edge slightly inclined upward, so that the muller will only touch at or near the edge, whereby a rapid motion is imparted thereto. A similar effect may be produced by setting the bearings of the muller so that its shaft will lean slightly outward, whereby the faces of the muller and table will be at a slight angle to each other.

5 In some cases, and for grinding some kinds of material, we may use a lighter muller, and, instead of depending on its weight, may have a powerful spring or aweighted lever to press the muller down on the table; or we mayhave a regulating device arranged to bear on the top of the shaft Z, whereby a constant and regulated distance between the faces of the muller and table may be maintained.

Instead of depending on the friction between the bed and themuller to drive the latter, we may give the muller a rotary motion,

independent of the friction of the table, by a geared or band connection with the motive power running the machine, or by a connection with the geared wheel D.

The use of the adjustable bearings will be found very advantageous, because the position of the mullers can be adjusted to suit the table as the face thereof wears away.

2 5 Any novel feature shown or described herein that is not claimed we reserve the right to cover by a separate application.

What we claim as new is 1. The combination, with a table, of a crushing-roller and a rotary grinding-muller, the two having their axes substantially at right angles to each other, and the muller arranged nearer the periphery of the table than the roller, as set forth.

3 5 2. The combination, with a table, of aheavy crushing-roller and a lighter rotary grindingmuller, the roller and muller being arranged at different distances from the center of the table, with the muller nearer the periphery, for the purpose of counterbalancing each other, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a table, C, having a horizontal center, 0, and inclined edge 0, with a muller constructed to bear on said inclined edge, whereby a gradually-decreasing space is left for the material as it passes toward the center of the muller, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with the vertical muller-shaft Z and roller-shaft I, of the hangerN, having ball-bearing n, cap a, and means, substantially as described, for adjusting the hanger on said shaft I, as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The combination, with the roller K and muller L, of the hopper 0, adjustable gate P, recessed revolving roller Q, and spout R, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the hopper, of the gate P, having its edge turned substantially at right angles to the body and set in an inclined groove, and means for holding the gate in position, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

' FRANCIS M. CASE.

WILLIS CASE. WVitnesses to the signature of Francis M. Case:

T. J. W. ROBERTSON, CHAS. P. WEBSTER,

\Vitnesses to the signature of Willis Case:

WILLIAM T. J ENISON, CALVIN P. BUTLER.

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