US284352A - Elevatoe - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE.

nMILBAoHMANN, on New YORK, N. Y.

EL-EvAToR.

SPECIFICATION fermngpert ef Letters ratent No. 284,352, dated september 4, 1883.

` Application filed .my 12, Issa (Ne model.)

To all whom may concern,.-

Beit known that I, EMIL BACHMANN, a citiinthe county and State of New York, have in` vented new and useful Improvements in Ele- 'vators, of which the following is a speciiication.

- This invention relates to an improvementin elevators,whereby the door or opening leading into the elevator is automatically opened and closed, so that accidents will be prevented, while the mechanism is so arrangedthat, i if desired, the opening leading into the elevator may remain closedas, for example, when it is desired to have the elevator pass saidopening without stopping.

Figure l'shows a view of the entrance to the elevator-hatchway and the mechanism for operating the same. l Fig-2 is a section' in the plane x ac, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 isa section in the plane z z, Fig. l. Fig. 4L is a section in the planeg/ y, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 represents a modification hereinafter described. The remaining figures represent modicationshereinafter described.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

The `letter A indicates the elevator, to which are attached the racks B Dy indicates a door leading from a fioor of a building into the elevator-shaft.-

` i rack C is in gear with toothed wheels E F, so

that on revolving either of said wheels in the proper direction such revolution of the `wheel 'will cause the door D to slide back and give access to the elevator-shaft.

To theelevator A, as stated,'are attached racks B B, which, upon the rising and descending of the elevator A, come `into gear with toothed wheels G G, revolving on sleeves or tubular extensionsof the toothed wheelsE F,

buticapable of turning independently of saidwheels, Fig. 2. `On the sleeves or tubular eX,-

tensions of thewheelsE F, just referred to, are keyed or firmly mounted toothed wheels H H, so that saidwheels HH and the wheels E F revolve together.` On one of the faces of each of the wheels G are pivoted pawls,which, by

suitable springs, areheld against the teeth of the wheels H, which latter teeth are undere cut, as seeninFig. l,V so that if either of the wheels G should be revolved `in a particular zen'of the United States, residing at New York,

Y direction the pawl will gear into theteeth of the particular wheel H, and cause said wheel H, and with it the particular toothed wheel E or F, to revolve, while if said wheel G is revolved in the opposite direction the pawl is free to glide over the inclined faces of the teeth on the particular wheel H withoutI compelling a revolution of the wheelxE or F. The result accomplished .by4 the arrangementl just described, as is seen, is aclutch mechanism, and

any other form of clutch mechanism which j will serve the same result may lof course be j substituted, as will suggest itself to a mechanic. l l

Taking the case of the elevator A rising or moving towardthe upper part of its shaft, it

will be seen from Fig. l that the rackB,whichextends above the floor ofthe elevatorA a cerA tain distance, will, by reason ofthe clutch ded, vice just described, cause the wheel F to re volvein such* a direction as to open the door D, which latter result will have been accomplishedwhen the door of the elevator A is on a level with the floor of the passage shown as closed bythe door D. Upontheelevator risin g farther, a spring coiled within the wheel F, Fig. 4, and which, by the revolution of the wheel F just described, has been put under tension,will cause a closing of thedoor D as soon gear with the toothed wheel G. Upon a descent of the elevator the rack B, extending bel low the floor `of the elevator A, will cause a revolution of, the wheel E, so as to have the door D open when the floor of the elevator is `even with the floor of thepassage of the door D, while the arrangement of clutchmechair ism described leaves the upper rack, B, ineiiicient as regards the wheel F during the descent of the elevatorA, and accomplishes alike result as regards the wheel E during the rising ofthe elevator. It will be noticed that the revolution of the wheel E to operate the rack C will, through the medium of said rack C, revolve the wheel F and put the spring therein contained, Fig. 4, under tension, so that on the release of the mechanism said spring will close the door D, and "it is thus only necessary to have one wheel, F, provided with a closing-spring, although two will give greater power. fSaid spring, Fig. 4, as is seen, 1s at as the rack B, just mentioned, has passed out of i `C is a rack attached to said door, and which roo `one end iXed to the wheel F and at the other rigid bar, and on the opening ofthe door D a' recess or space must be provided for the movement of said rack C. To economize space the rack C may be made in sections connectedby knuckle-joints which yield in one direction only,so that the various sections of the rack G, L'

device, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, in which case in passing away from the wheel F during theI opening ofthe door D, will swing downward and hang in the elevator-shaft, while on the closing of the door sections of the rack G will be drawn over the wheels E F and resume the horizontal position shown.

The racks B B are held on arms I I, Fig. 3, passing through openings inv the front ofthe elevator, and resting against springs Ii, which springs ,L press the racks outward into position to,y gear with the wheels G. Should it be desired to have` the elevator pass on without opening the door D, the ropes or chains K, by

means of a handle, stirrup, or other appliance to be operated by the foot or hand of the attendant, allow the racks B to be pulled inward against the resistance of the springs L a sufficient distance to prevent said racks B' gearing with the wheels G. Upon being released the springs L forcethe racks B outward again.

In the modification shown in Fig. 5 the racks B are replaced by teeth B, swinging on pivots in the bearings or bars M N, which bearings or bars are firmly fixed to the elevator A. The teeth B have arms or eXtensions, onV which hang, by pivots, the linksO I?, and by pulling the link I downward and the link O'upward by the cords It, passing to the interior of the elevator, the teeth BA will be turned about the pivots in the bars M1 N and drawn toward these bars M N, so as not to gear with the wheels G of Fig. 1. Upon rel leasing the cords It the weight of the link O causes it to fall downward and into the 'position shown in Fig. 5, whilethe spring Scauses the link l? to rise and resume the position shown in Fig. 5, by which movements the teeth B are forced outward and into a position to near with the wheels G. The arrangement of Fig. 5 also offers a substitutefor the clutching device shown in Fig. 1, as, on the rising of the elevator, the ,teeth B on the bar M catch into the wheel G, which is now iXed firmly to the wheel F, and cause it to revolve and open the door D, while the teeth B on the bar N are pressed downward and caused to swing toward the bar N upon coming into Acontact with the wheel G, now fixed to the wheel E, thus leaving the teeth B on the bar N inefficient. Upon the descent of the elevator the teeth B on the bar N act, while the teeth B on the bar M become inefficient, thus accomplishing the same result of opening the door D. As already remarked, when the teeth B- are left free, the weight of the link O and the action of thespring S on the link I? always force the teeth B outward into a position to act. As by my arrangement'the door D will only be open when the elevator is in position before the passage c losed by said door, accidents will be 'avoided'.

I am aware that the Patent No. 257 ,182, of

`May 2, 1882, showstoothed wheels having clutches and racks to operate said toothed wheels and open an elevator-gate.

I may also simplify the construction of the the toothed wheels E F are replaced by a single toothed wheel, E. Upon a sleeve eXtende y ing from this toothed wheel E, and which sleeve l is firmly attached to said wheel E, or forms a part thereof, are mounted two toothed wheels, VG, whichare intended to gear `with the arms lof the rack B. The racks B are now placed withv the teeth of said racks facing each other,'

and in such position that one of said racks gears into the teeth of one of the wheels G at a point opposite to that at which the other .rack B gears into the other wheel G, so that said racks, on the rising and descending of the elevator, cause said wheels G to Arevolve 1n opposite directions. The wheels G are mounted i, loosely on the sleeve of the wheel E, and con- `'nected with the same by roller-clutches T, as

shown in Fi g,r8, which is a section in the plane u f1), Fig. 7. These roller-clutches are respect- 3ively arranged so that the revolutions of the lwheels G G will cause the wheel E torevolve 3 in but one direction-namely, that which is rei quired to .open the door D. Vhen any one of the wheels G turns in the wrong direction, the roller-clutches pass out of action and allow the turning of the respective wheel G without. affecting the wheel E.

By mounting both the actuating-wheels G upon a single wheel, E, the device is simplified, and the rack C, Fig. 1, may be considerably D is an indentation or hole, A', into which' catches a tongue or lug attached to the under side of the arm N o'f the lever UW, swinging von a pivot, V. This pivot or fulerumV is attached to the wall or fixed part of the elevatorshaft. On the rising of the elevator an arm, Z, attached to the elevator catches under the finger Y and lifts the arm W, holding it up until the door D has begun to open. On the descent of the elevator a second arm, corresponding to the arm Z, catches the finger X and presses it down', thereby again lifting the IOO IIO

shortened, making ythe whole device cheaper arm V and releasing the door by lifting ythe lug on the arm YV out' of the eye A. When said lug rests in the eye A', thedoor D is held v shut, as will be readily understood. The iingers-X Y are made yielding or springy, so that when the arm Z, or its corresponding arm, acting on the linger X, moves in the wrong direction, the ngers X Y'will yield without breaking. Of course the arm Z is placed above the floor of the elevator a certain distance, sothat `on the rising of the elevator the door D will"y be released before the elevator-door has risen to a level with the floor of the passage closed by the door D. -For a similar reason, the arm operating on the linger X on the descent of the elevator extends a certain distance below the iioor of the elevator.

A similar arrangement to that for` drawing the racks B B inward and out of action, Fig. 3, may also be provided for drawing the arms acting on the latching mechanism, Fig., 6, in

ward toward the elevator and out of action when-the elevator is to. pass theldoor D without unlatching.

The mechanismhas thus far been described in connection with an elevator; but itis evidentthat it canlbe otherwise applied-as, for example, the teeth or racks B B may be `applied to a railway-train and serve to open or y close the guard-gates at a station orcrossing;

or the device may be applied to other analogous uses.

The modification shown in Fig. 9 shows the movable teeth described in connection with Fig. 5 applied to operate a single wheel, E, 7. This arrangement attainsa still further simplication, as but one actuating-wheel G is in this case required, which may be firmly `connected with the wheel E, `both turning together.` In ascending, the teeth B pivoted on the bar M catch into the teeth of the wheel G and revolve the same in the `direction of the arrow, while the teeth B pivoted on the bar N glide over the teeth on the wheel G inefficiently. On the descent of the elevatorthe teeth B on the bar N turn the wheel G in the same direction of the arrow,while the teeth B' on the bar M are inefficient.

the elevator. f

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with anelevator provided with racks B B, and a door, D, adapted to be operated by said racks, of gears with i which said racks successively engage, substan tially as and for theV purpose described.

2. The combination, with an elevator prof vided with teeth B B, and a door, D, adapted to be operatedby said teeth, of links O B, for putting said teeth in to and out of gear, and pinions E F, with which they may engage, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

cally opening and closing said door D,

The' door is` thusv opened both bythe rising and descending of The' elevatorracks B B provided with mechanism for putting saidracks into and out of gear, in combination with toothed wheels E F, provided with clutching mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. i 4. The elevator-racks B B, provided with mechanism -for putting said racks into and out of gear, in combination with toothed wheels E F, provided with a closing-spring, (one-or 70, more) substantially as and for-the' purpose set forth. 5. The combination, with an elevator and with a door, D, of mechanism for automatisaid mechanism adapted to be p11-t into or out of operation, substantially `as and for the pur- .pose set forth.-

6. The combination, with an elevator provided with teeth or racks B B and mechanism for putting said racks into and out of gear, of a toothed wheel, E, and actuatingwheels G G, mounted upon said toothed wheel lE, and adapted to be operated by said teeth or racks B B, for imparting a motion to said wheel E in but one direction, substantially as and for the purpose set fort 7. In an elevator, the lever pivoted to a sta-4 tionary part of the elevatorshaft, and having the lateral finger Y, and a tongue or lug adapted to engage an aperture in the upper edge of the door, in combination with the elevator- .car having an arm, Z, substantially as de# scribed.

8. The combinatiom with an elevator pro- 95 `vided with teeth B and links O-P, of a toothed wheel, E, and actuating-wheel G, mounted upon or connected to said toothed wheel, and adapted to be operated by said teeth B, for imparting a motion to said wheel E in but one Ioo direction, substantially as set forth.

f 9. rIhe combination, with an elevator provided with shifting teeth B, of a toothed wheel,

E, andV actuating-wheel G, mounted yupon or connectedV to said toothed wheel, and adapted to be operated by said teeth B, for imparting a motion to said wheel E in but one direction, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination, with an elevator provided with teeth or `racks B B, of a toothed 11o wheel, F, adapted to be operated by said racks,

and provided with a closing-spring', substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testmony whereof I have hereunto set my handand seal in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EMIL BACHMANN. [1.. s]

p' Witnesses:

W. C. HAUFF,

KASTENHUBER.

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