US2841340A - Throwing rotor surrounded by rotary abutment impact surface - Google Patents

Description

y 1958 o. MULLER 2,841.340

THROWING ROTOR SURROUNDED BY ROTARY ABUTMENT IMPACT SURFACE Filed June 25, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 E /2 m E ,/3 /9 5 4 20 I /Z 5 Z7 2/ INVENTOR.

Uzfa Mu/[er July 1, 1958 o. MULLER THROWING ROTOR SURROUNDED BY ROTARY ABUTMENT IMPACT SURFACE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 25, 1956 INVENTOR. 0M0 Mill/cl" BY A7'70Z/VEY THRGWING ii-{ET GR UEROUNDED BY RGITARY ABUTsdENT lMPACT SURFACE fitto Mutter, Paris, France, assignor to Ste Jaruza A. G. Q'Jhnr, Zurich, Switzertand, a Swiss body Application Stine 25, 1%55, Serial No. 593,676

1i) Claims. (Ci. 241187) This invention relates to impact crushers and has more particular reference to impact crushers of the type in which a rotor fitted with peripherally spaced hammers throws the products to be crushed upon an impact surface on which they break.

When impact crushers of the aforesaid type are used to crush sticky products, part of the crushed products adheres to the impact surface and progressively forms a layer which very substantially reduces the impact effect and consequently reduces the efficiency of the crusher.

One obiect of the present invention is to provide a novel and improved impact crusher of the type in which the products to be crushed are thrown onto an impact surface on which they break, wherein the impact surface is formed on a rotatable body with the impact surface surrounding the axis of rotation of the body and with the body so positioned with respect to the rotor of the impact crusher that the path of rotation of the impact surface intersects the trajectory path of the products thrown by the rotor, thereby reducing the sticking of products on the surface and insuring that the wear is the same on the entire area of the impact surface.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel and improved impact crusher, as characterized above, wherein means are provided for cleaning the impact surface of any products sticking thereon, including an element for scraping or brushing the impact surface and positioned to engage the impact surface as it rotates.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an impact crusher, as characterized above, including means for washing the impact surface as it rotates to remove any products sticking thereon.

Another object of the present invention is to provide' a species of impact crusher, as characterized above, in which the impact surface of said body is an external surface.

Another object of the invention is to provide another species of impact crusher, as characterized above, in which the body is a hollow body with the rotor rotatably mounted therein and in which the impact surface is formed on the internal wall of the body.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved impact crusher, as characterized above, which is simple in construction, inexpensive to manufacture, and eflicient in operation.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear in the following specification when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of one embodiment of an impact crusher constructed in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a modified form of impact crusher and showing the movable impact surface partly in full line; and

2,841,340 Patented July 1, 1958 i as Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 55 of Fig. 4.

The present invention provides a novel and improved impact crusher having a movable impact surface and, in

general, comprises a rotor carrying a plurality of peripherally spaced hammers for throwing the products to be crushed onto the impact surface; an impact surface formed on a rotatable body with the impact surface surrounding the axis of rotation of the body and with the body so positioned with respect to the rotor that the path of rotation of the impact surface intersects the trajectory paths of the products thrown by the rotor; cleaning means in the form of a brush or scraper or means for directing a stream of washing liquid for engaging the impact surface as it rotates and cleans the surface of any products sticking thereon.

The invention further contemplates that the impact surface formed on the rotating body may be formed on the external surface of the body or on the internal surface of the body; in the latter case, the body is made hollow and the rotor is mounted therein for rotation about a horizontal axis.

Referring now to the drawings, there is illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, one embodiment of an impact crusher constructed in accordance with the present invention. As there shown, the impact crusher comprises an elongated upright, hollow, open-ended housing or casing it mounted on a ball bearing support assembly, indicated generally at 11, for rotation about a vertical axis; a plurality of anvil or breaker plates 12 removably secured to the interior surface of the casing 1i) and forming an impact surface 13; a rotor 14 carrying a plurality of peripherally spaced hammers l5 and having the ends of its shaft 16 journaled in suitable bearings 17 supported by vertical support members 18, each carrying a scraping element 19 positioned to engage the impact surface 13 carried by the rotatable casing 16; a pipe 20 projecting down into the casing it) and carrying a plurality of spray nozzles 21 positioned to direct a spray of wash liquid onto the impact surface 13; and a hopper 22 for feeding the products to be crushed into the path of rotation of the hammers 15 carried by the rotor 14.

The hollow housing or casing 10 may be of any suitable shape and have its internal surface surrounding the rotor lined with anvil plates forming an impact surface. As shown, the housing is generally spherical with its lower end portion made cylindrical, as indicated at 23, and having a flange 24 journaled in the ball bearing support assembly 11. The casing may be rotated by any suitable means, such as a toothed crown 25 formed around its cylindrical lower end portion and driven by an endless screw 26. The generally spherically shaped impact surface 13 lining the casing iii may be constructed in any suitable manner. It is shown as being formed of a plurality of anvil plates 12 removably secured to the casing, as by bolting, and having grooves formed therein providing cutting edges 27. The rotor 14, with its hammers 15, may be of any suitable construction and the hammers may be fixed or hinged on the rotor, or mounted thereon in any suitable manner.

The rotor 14 may be rotated by any suitable means. As shown, the rotor shaft has a pulley 28 fixed thereon and connected to be V-belt driven by a drive pulley 29 on a shaft 30 driven by any suitable means (not shown). The pulleys 28 and 29 and the V-belt are enclosed in a protective housing 31 mounted on the adjacent bearing support member 18. The bearing support members 18 may be of any suitable construction. They are shown as elongated flat plates having lateral flanges on their bot toms and having openings in their upper end portions in which the bearings 17 are fixedly mounted. The scraper or brush elements 19 may be of any suitable construction.

' parts shown in They are shown as being fiat elongated members, each fixedly mounted on one of the support members 18 and each having a scraping edge having a configuration conforming to the external surface configuration of the impact surface 13 so that the scrapers can remove .all'products sticking to the impact surface as the surface rotates.

it should be noted that the support members 18 outline a space inside which the rotor turns, as well as two lateral spaces protected. against the thrown products, and that the two scraper elements 18 are so positioned that sticky products received on the impact area by. direct impact are removed as well as sticky products received on the op- V posite area by splashes.

The operation of the apparatus shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 is believed apparent.

The materials to be crushed are fed into the apparatus through the hopper 22 and fall by gravity into the path of movement of the hammers carried by the rotor adjacent the highest point of their movement. The material is partially" crushed by the impact of the hammersand the parts not crushed by the impact of the hammers are violently thrown upon the impact surface-13, where they burst. The pieces of material then 'fall down and out of the crusher through the opening in the bottom of the casing.

Any sticky pieces which adhere to the impact surface are removed by the scraper elements 19 and/or thestream of wash-liquid discharged through the nozzles in-the pipe" 2i), asthe impact surface is rotated. Thus, the products are always thrown upon a cleanimpact surface and the wear on the anvil plates making up the impact surface is uniform. a i

In Figs. 4 and 5, there is illustrateda modified form ofimpact crusher having a movablerimpact-surface. As

' there shown, the apparatus comprises a stationary housing or casing '32; a roller 33 mounted in the housing 32 for rotation about a vertical axis and having an impact surface 34 formed on its external side walls; a rotor 14, carrying a plurality of peripherally spaced hammerslS', having the ends of its shaft 16' journaled in suitable bearings formed in the side wall of the housing 32 forrotation about a'horizontal axis; a scraper element 35 secured'to the side wall of the housing 32 and positioned to engage the impact surface 34 of the roller 33. as the roller rotates; a pipev 36 projecting downwardly into the housing 32 and carrying a plurality of spray'nozzles 37 positioned to direct a spray of wash liquid .onto the impact surface 34 of the roller'33; and a hopper 3,8 for feeding the productsto'be crushed into the path of rotation o f the'harnmers i5 carried'by the rotor 14'.

The casing or housingSZmay be of any, suitable construction.

'As shown, the impact surface 34- is formed by aplurality of anvil plates 33 removably secured tothe external surface of the roller, as by bolting, and having grooves formed therein providing cutting edges 39. The roller 3" has the ends of itsjshaft 49journaled in thetop and bottom waits of the casing 32, and the roller shaft has a pulley, i'fixed thereto and adapted to be driven \by any suitable means (not shown). a

The rotor'li, with-its hammers may beef any suitable construction and are similar to the corresponding Fig l.."The'rotor 14- isdriven as by means ofa pulleyrZS'pfixedon itslshaftlo' and driven by any suitable means (not shown).

*The scraper element 35' may be'of any suitable con- 7 into the path of movement of the hammers.

struction and is. shown as comprising an elongated memher having a securing flange along one edge by which it is secured to the side wall of the casing and having its outer free edge portion which engages the impact surface conformin to the contour of the im act surface to scra e i off any sticky products thereon as the surface rotates.

The pipe 36 is inwardly curved so'that its nozzles will I be positioned to project sprays onto the impact surface of From the foregoing, it readily will be seen that there has been, provided a novel andimproved impact crusher having arotatable" impact surface positioned to receiye the products to be crushed on one area thereof as they are thrown thereon by'the rotor and hammers and provided with means for removing any products which stick thereon .sothata clean impact surface is continuously presented, thus insuring the efiiciency of the apparatus and making thewear on the impact surface uniform.

TWhile the impact surface shown in the modification illustrated in Figs. 1,2 and 3 of the drawings has been shown to be generally spheric, obviously, it maybe of any suitable shape such as cylindricalor conical. I Obviously, the invention is not restricted to the embodiments thereof herein shown and described. What is claimed is: l j Q 1. In an impactcrusher, a rotonmounted for rotation about a horizontal axis, saidrotor includinga plurality of peripherally.spaced-hammers, meansjncluding a hopper for gravity-feeding theproducts to be crushed into the path of movement of said hammerswhereby saidproducts wilLbe thrown along trajectory paths extending outward ly. from said rotor, abody rotatableabout an, axisextending perpendicularly with respect to the horizontal plane inwhich the axis of said rotor is located andhaying an impact surface formed thereon and surroundingjits axis of rotation, said body. being so positioned with respectto said rotor that the path .of. rotation of saidimpact surface a point in its path of rotation spaced from the point at 7 which it intersects the trajectory paths of the products thrown thereagainst by saidrotorf 7 3. Apparatusas set forth in claim 1, wherein said rotatable body is in the form of an elongated open-ended hollow body surrounding said rotor and with theinter'nal side surface of saidbody forming said impactsurface.

4. Apparatus as set forth in claim 3, wherein'said hollow body rotates about an axis perpendicular to the 7 axis of said rotor andwherein' said impact surface is generally spherical.

5. Apparatusas setforth in claim 1, wherein said rotatable body is in the form of an elongated mernber positioned adjacentsaid rotor and with the externalfside surface of said body forming said: impact surface.

6; .App aratusuas'set forth in claim 5, wherein said rotatable body is in the form of a generally cylindrical memher having a convex side wall and wherein the convex The materials to be crushed are 5 side wall of said rotatable body partially surrounds said rotor.

7. In an impact crusher, an elongated hollow openended rotatable casing mounted for rotation about a vertical axis, a rotor mounted within said casing for rotation about a horizontal axis, said rotor including a plurality of peripherally spaced hammers, a hopper for feeding the products to be crushed into the open end of said casing so that they fall along a defined path into the path of movement of said hammers adjacent the highest point of their movement, means for rotating said rotor at a speed sufficient to cause said hammers to throw said products on impact therewith onto the internal surface of said casing opposite the projectory area of said rotor; a plurality of anvil plates on the internal wall of said housing forming an impact surface surrounding said rotor; and means for rotating said casing so that the entire area of said impact surface as it rotates will be brought into position to receive the products projected thereagainst by said hammers, whereby the wear on said anvil plates will be uniform.

8. Apparatus as set forth in claim 7, wherein means are provided for cleaning said impact surface of any products sticking thereon including a scraping element positioned to engage said impact surface at a point in its path of rotation spaced from the point at which it intersects the trajectory paths of the products thrown thereagainst by said rotor and a spray member for directing streams of washing liquid onto said impact surface.

9. In an impact crusher, a housing; a rotor carrying a plurality of hammers mounted within said housing for rotation about a horizontal axis; a generally cylindrical member having a convex side wall mounted within said housing for rotation about a vertical axis, said generally cylindrical member having its side wall covered by anvil plates forming an impact surface and positioned so that said convex side wall partially surrounds said rotor; a hopper projecting into said housing and positioned to gravity-feed a stream of products to be crushed into the path of movement of said hammers; means for rotating said rotor at a speed sufiicient to cause said hammers to throw said products on impact onto said impact surface of said cylindrical member; and means for rotating said cylindrical member so that the entire area of its impact surface as it rotates will be brought into position to receive the products thrown thereagainst by said hammers, whereby the wear on said anvil plates will be uniform.

10. Apparatus as set forth in claim 9, wherein means are provided for cleaning said impact surface of any products sticking thereto, including a scraping clement positioned to engage said impact surface at a point in its path of rotation spaced from the point at which it receives the products thrown thereagainst by said rotor and a spray member for directing streams of washing liquid onto said impact surface.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,605,181 Frickey Nov. 2, 1926 1,884,544 Borton Oct. 25, 1932 2,661,160 Keiper Dec. 1, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 711,780 France July 8, 1931

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