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US2738324A - Anti-static rayon oils - Google Patents

Anti-static rayon oils Download PDF

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US2738324A
US2738324A US307157A US30715752A US2738324A US 2738324 A US2738324 A US 2738324A US 307157 A US307157 A US 307157A US 30715752 A US30715752 A US 30715752A US 2738324 A US2738324 A US 2738324A
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branched
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sulfosuccinate
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Hood John Marshall
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Wyeth Holdings LLC
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American Cyanamid Co
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/244Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
    • D06M13/248Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
    • D06M13/256Sulfonated compounds esters thereof, e.g. sultones
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M1/00Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M7/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/281Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/282Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/283Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/286Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/34Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/404Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/46Textile oils
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/40Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S260/00Chemistry of carbon compounds
    • Y10S260/15Antistatic agents not otherwise provided for
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964Artificial fiber or filament
    • Y10T428/2965Cellulosic

Definitions

  • This invention relates to anti-static and lubricating compositions for the treatment of regenerated cellulose and cellulose organic derivative filaments, fibers, yarns, threads and the like, and more particularly to a method of eliminating the tendency of such lubricated and softened materials to accumulate charges of static electricity during warping, weaving, knitting, and other textile operations.
  • tile materials which have been treated by applying to them an anti-static and lubricating agent which agent is self-emulsifiable and is easily removed, when so desired.
  • regenerated cellulose such as viscose
  • cellulose organic derivative materials such as cellulose acetate
  • other synthetic materials such as polyamide, vinyl, acrylonitrile, and the like, particularly when in filament, yarn, thread, or similar form, are subject to the accumulation of static electricity from frictional and other abrasive or rubbing influences, whereby handling of such materials is rendered extremely difficult.
  • these fibrous and filamentary materials be treated in order to reduce their tendency toward breakage of the individual fibers and filaments when they are subjected to various mechanical strains and distortions during processing. Furthermore, it is desirable to lubricate or soften the yarn to make it more supple to facilitate handling during such operations as spinning, twisting, drafting, drawing, winding and reeling, as Well as the later fabricating operations of weaving, knitting, braiding, and the like.
  • Anti-static and lubricating compositions have been proposed in the past and have been used with considerable success in lubricating the yarns and in preventing the 'accumulation of static charges.
  • a large number of these anti-static and lubricating agents are not sufiiciently soluble or dispersible in the textile carrying-oil or other agent and as such have presented problems in the initial application of the improving agents.
  • many of these agents do not possess sufficient self-emulsification properties, whereby problems have been presented in the preparation of the anti-static and lubricating compositions.
  • the invention also relates particularly to tex- 2,733,324 Patented Mar. 13, 1956
  • Other improving agents used hitherto have lacked scourability characteristics in that they have not been capable of being readily removed from the textile materials by soaping or the like. Furthermore, in some cases, these conditioning agents have been found to lack compatibility with various warp sizes.
  • Other drawbacks have included: corrosiveness to metals; lack of softening and lubricating properties; difliculties encountered in low and high temperature storage; tendencies to scum on atmospheric exposure; and the creation of yellowing eifects on extended exposure to the atmosphere at normal temperatures and humidities.
  • This invention has as its principal object the provision of an improved anti-static and lubricating composition to be used in the treatment or conditioning of textile fibers, filaments and yarns to reduce or eliminate completely the tendency of such materials to accumulate charges of electricity due to frictional and other influences.
  • a further principal object of the invention is to provide a method of facilitating the handling of regenerated cellulose and cellulose organic derivative cut staple fibers during the various operations involved in the production of spun yarns and fabricated textile materials.
  • a still further principal object of the present invention is to provide a textile anti-static agent which will effectively lubricate and soften the filamentary materials and which will possess sufficient self-emulsification properties.
  • an anti-static and lubricating composition which is capable of being readily removed from the textile materials by soaping or scouring; which possesses compatibility with a wide range of warp sizes; which is not corrosive to metals; which will not scum" on atmospheric exposure; which may be satisfactorily stored at low and high temperatures; and which does not develop any yellowing efifects in the textile on extended exposure to the atmosphere.
  • an im proving composition containing dodecyl toluene sodium sulfonate a member of the group consisting of an ammonium and/or sodium salt of a branched-chain dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; an ammonium and/ or sodium salt of a branched-chain dinonyl sulfosuccinate; and an armmonium and/or sodium salt of a branched-chain didecyl sulfosuccinate, or mixture thereof; and a low viscosity textile carrying-oil or -agent.
  • Two other textile carrying-oil compositions were prepared, one containing 15 by weight of the sodium salt of a branched-chain dinonyl sulfosuccinate and the other containing the ammonium salt of a branched-chain dibutyl sulfosuccinate. These compositions were also found unsatisfactory and did not possess sufiicient self-emulsification characteristics.
  • these lubricating and anti-static compositions may be applied to the filamentary material in any convenient fashion, such as, for example, by a roller applicator, spraying, bath-dipping, or the like. It is preferable that these agents be applied either in dissolved or dispersed form in the textile carrying oil or similar agent, such as light mineral oil, blown or unblown, drying and semi-drying, vegetable and animal oils, examples of which are olive oil, cottonseed oil, castor oil, neatsfoot oil, sperm oil, peanut oil, rice oil, and other similar oils. If the compositions resulting from such a compounding, however, form materials which are too viscous for facile handling, then various low viscosity thinners or modifiers may be used.
  • Such thinners and modifiers would comprise any, agent capable of reducing the viscosity of the composition down to approximately 100 SUS/100 F. or less.
  • agents include pine oil, ethyl lactate, diethyl maleate, tributyl aconitate, etc.
  • the term low viscosity textile carrying-agent is intended to cover such agents within the above-mentioned Saybolt-second range and would cover the above-mentioned oils, per se, if they met such requirements or could be modified or thinned to a viscosity to meet the requirement.
  • the composite lubricating and anti-static agents of the present invention are blended with the above-mentioned textile carrying oils in proportions as low as 15.0% by weight (7.5% by weight of each) and up to as high concentrations as possible depending on the solubility of the particular agents in the particular oil or carrying agent.
  • proportions in the range from about by weight to about by Weight of the composite agent have been found very satisfactory, with the upper limits being raised to about or more by weight where particular circumstances or requirements warrant such values.
  • the amounts of each may be proportionately lowered, if desired, with the total percentage by weight being at least 15
  • the alkyl toluene sulfonates are used in their saltfree form inasmuch as the presence of such salts would generally interfere with the solubility characteristics of the sulfonates in the mineral oil or other carrying-agents.
  • dodecyltoluene sodium sulfonate prepared from dodecyltoluene using 20% oleum, was freed from its approximately salt content by alcoholic extraction and used in such form in the lubricating and anti-state composition.
  • Example I An anti-static agent was made up as follows:
  • the agent was self-emulsifiable in the textile carrying oils and furthermore, could be easily removed by soaping or scouring. It was not corrosive to metals. The agent was found to be compatible with a wide range of various warp sizes, including gelatin, sulfonated oils, and the like. The compositions were stored at 0 C. and did not deteriorate and were found satisfactory. Substantially no permanent yellowing was observed in materials treated with the anti-static composition after exposure to the atmosphere at 70 F. and relative humidity for several Weeks.
  • Example 2 An anti-static agent was prepared as follows:
  • anti-static agents were prepared as follows:
  • the amount of the anti-static and lubricating agent to be applied to the fibrous or filamentary material will depend on many factors, such as, the physical characteristics of the material itself and its tendency toward electrification and its lubrication requirements, as well as upon the nature, availability and cost of the agent itself, all taken in view of the particular situation. Although improved results have been obtained from the use of as little as 1% or less as based on the weight of the pick-up material, and as much as 25% or more have been placed on the material, the preferred ranges of pick-up for the purposes of this invention lie between 2% and 7% as based on the weight of the treated material.
  • a method of treating yarns, filaments and fibers to render them more amenable to textile operations and to eliminate their tendency to accumulate charges of static electricity which comprises applying to them a composition containing from about 7.5% to about 15% by weight of dodecyl toluene sodium sulfonate; from about 7.5% to about 15 by weight of a member of the group consisting of the sodium salt of a branched-chain didecyl sulfosuccinate, the ammonium salt of a branched-chain didecyl sulfosuccinate, the ammonium salt of a branched-chain dioctyl sulfosuccinate, the sodium salt of a branchedchain dioctyl sulfosuccinate, the ammonium salt of a branched-chain dinonyl sulfosuccinate and the sodium salt of a branched-chain dinonyl sulfosuccinate or mixtures thereof; and from about 70% to
  • An anti-static and lubricating agent for treating yarns, filaments and fibers to render them more amenable to textile operations and to eliminate their tendency to accumulate charges of static electricity comprising from about 7.5% to about 15% by weight of dodecyl toluene sodium sulfonate; from about 7.5% to about 15% by weight of a member of the group consisting of the sodium salt of a branched-chain didecyl sulfosuccinate, the ammonium salt of a branched-chain didecyl sulfosuccinate, the ammonium salt of a branched-chain dioctyl sulfosuccinate, thesodium salt of a branched-chain dioctyl sulfosuccinate, the ammonium salt of a branched-chain dinonyl sulfosuccinate, and the sodium salt of a branchedchain dinonyl sulfosuccinate or mixtures thereof; and from

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Description

United States Patent ice ANTI-STATIC RAYON OILS John Marshall Hood, Riverside, Conn., assignor to American Cyanamid Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Maine No Drawing. Application August 29, 1952, Serial No. 307,157
3 Claims. (Cl. 252-8.7)
This invention relates to anti-static and lubricating compositions for the treatment of regenerated cellulose and cellulose organic derivative filaments, fibers, yarns, threads and the like, and more particularly to a method of eliminating the tendency of such lubricated and softened materials to accumulate charges of static electricity during warping, weaving, knitting, and other textile operations. tile materials which have been treated by applying to them an anti-static and lubricating agent which agent is self-emulsifiable and is easily removed, when so desired.
As is well known in the industry, regenerated cellulose, such as viscose, and cellulose organic derivative materials, such as cellulose acetate, and other synthetic materials, such as polyamide, vinyl, acrylonitrile, and the like, particularly when in filament, yarn, thread, or similar form, are subject to the accumulation of static electricity from frictional and other abrasive or rubbing influences, whereby handling of such materials is rendered extremely difficult.
This is particularly aggravated in the preparation of cut staple fibers such as, for example, in the making of spun yarn, inasmuch as considerable friction is developed during carding and combing operations and, as a result, suflicient charges accumulate on the fibers to make them stick to the machinery and to resist adherence to each other to make the formation of a sliver, Web or blanket diiiicult, if not impossible. Furthermore, even if -a web or blanket could be formed with some degree of success, subsequent drafting operations would produce a very uneven and undesirable intermediate roving or spun yarn, due to the presence of the static charge. In addition, there is, of course, the undesirable and ever-present fire hazard due to the possibility of electrical discharges upon accumulation of sufiicient static electricity.
Additionally, it is required that these fibrous and filamentary materials be treated in order to reduce their tendency toward breakage of the individual fibers and filaments when they are subjected to various mechanical strains and distortions during processing. Furthermore, it is desirable to lubricate or soften the yarn to make it more supple to facilitate handling during such operations as spinning, twisting, drafting, drawing, winding and reeling, as Well as the later fabricating operations of weaving, knitting, braiding, and the like.
Anti-static and lubricating compositions have been proposed in the past and have been used with considerable success in lubricating the yarns and in preventing the 'accumulation of static charges. However, a large number of these anti-static and lubricating agents are not sufiiciently soluble or dispersible in the textile carrying-oil or other agent and as such have presented problems in the initial application of the improving agents. Additionally, many of these agents do not possess sufficient self-emulsification properties, whereby problems have been presented in the preparation of the anti-static and lubricating compositions.
The invention also relates particularly to tex- 2,733,324 Patented Mar. 13, 1956 Other improving agents used hitherto have lacked scourability characteristics in that they have not been capable of being readily removed from the textile materials by soaping or the like. Furthermore, in some cases, these conditioning agents have been found to lack compatibility with various warp sizes. Other drawbacks have included: corrosiveness to metals; lack of softening and lubricating properties; difliculties encountered in low and high temperature storage; tendencies to scum on atmospheric exposure; and the creation of yellowing eifects on extended exposure to the atmosphere at normal temperatures and humidities.
This invention has as its principal object the provision of an improved anti-static and lubricating composition to be used in the treatment or conditioning of textile fibers, filaments and yarns to reduce or eliminate completely the tendency of such materials to accumulate charges of electricity due to frictional and other influences.
A further principal object of the invention is to provide a method of facilitating the handling of regenerated cellulose and cellulose organic derivative cut staple fibers during the various operations involved in the production of spun yarns and fabricated textile materials.
A still further principal object of the present invention is to provide a textile anti-static agent which will effectively lubricate and soften the filamentary materials and which will possess sufficient self-emulsification properties.
Other principal objects of the present invention include the provision of an anti-static and lubricating composition which is capable of being readily removed from the textile materials by soaping or scouring; which possesses compatibility with a wide range of warp sizes; which is not corrosive to metals; which will not scum" on atmospheric exposure; which may be satisfactorily stored at low and high temperatures; and which does not develop any yellowing efifects in the textile on extended exposure to the atmosphere.
These objects are accomplished in the following invention by applying to the filamentary material an im proving composition containing dodecyl toluene sodium sulfonate; a member of the group consisting of an ammonium and/or sodium salt of a branched-chain dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; an ammonium and/ or sodium salt of a branched-chain dinonyl sulfosuccinate; and an armmonium and/or sodium salt of a branched-chain didecyl sulfosuccinate, or mixture thereof; and a low viscosity textile carrying-oil or -agent. v
When these conditioning agents are employed individually in the textile carrying-oil and applied to the filamentary materials, the results insofar as lubriaction, softening, antistatic properties and self-emulsification characteristics are quite different in kind as well as degree than when two or more of the compounds are used collectively. For example, two separate textile carrying-oil compositions were prepared, one containing 15% by weight of the ammonium salt of a branched-chain dioctyl sulfosuccinate and the other containing 15% by weight of the sodium salt. Both compositions were found unsatisfactory and did not possess any self-emulsification characteristics. Two other textile carrying-oil compositions were prepared, one containing 15 by weight of the sodium salt of a branched-chain dinonyl sulfosuccinate and the other containing the ammonium salt of a branched-chain dibutyl sulfosuccinate. These compositions were also found unsatisfactory and did not possess sufiicient self-emulsification characteristics.
Similarly, textile carrying oil compositions containing as the sole additive the n-decyl diester; or the n-nonyl diester; of the n-octyl diester; of the n-butyl diester, in ranges from 10% to 15% by weight, were also found unsatisfactory and were lacking in storage stability, selfemulsification characteristics, etc.
However, when these agents were used in the presence of dodecyl toluene sodium sulfonate, the results were considerably different. For example, when approximately 7.5-45% by Weight of dodecyl toluene sodium sulfonate was added to various textile carrying oil compositions containing the branched-chain dinonyl esters or the branched-chain didecyl esters, or the branched-chain dioctyl esters, the improvement was marked and the compositions were found satisfactory in all respects. The straight-chain diesters, however, did not respond to such treatment and were still considered unsuitable for the purposes of this invention. From this, it may be reasonably deduced that the straight chain alkyl sulfosuccinates are unsatisfactory and that the branched-chain alkyl sulfosuccinates are acceptable. Without being bound to any particular theory or reasons therefore, it may be stated that the more branched the chain is, the more satisfactory are the agents intended to be covered by this invention. In this specification, therefore, unless specifically indicated otherwise, all the alkyl radicals attached to the sulfosuccinate nucleus are of the branched-chain type.
In accordance with our invention, these lubricating and anti-static compositions may be applied to the filamentary material in any convenient fashion, such as, for example, by a roller applicator, spraying, bath-dipping, or the like. It is preferable that these agents be applied either in dissolved or dispersed form in the textile carrying oil or similar agent, such as light mineral oil, blown or unblown, drying and semi-drying, vegetable and animal oils, examples of which are olive oil, cottonseed oil, castor oil, neatsfoot oil, sperm oil, peanut oil, rice oil, and other similar oils. If the compositions resulting from such a compounding, however, form materials which are too viscous for facile handling, then various low viscosity thinners or modifiers may be used. Such thinners and modifiers would comprise any, agent capable of reducing the viscosity of the composition down to approximately 100 SUS/100 F. or less. Specific examples of such agents would include pine oil, ethyl lactate, diethyl maleate, tributyl aconitate, etc. As used herein therefore, the term low viscosity textile carrying-agent is intended to cover such agents within the above-mentioned Saybolt-second range and would cover the above-mentioned oils, per se, if they met such requirements or could be modified or thinned to a viscosity to meet the requirement.
The composite lubricating and anti-static agents of the present invention are blended with the above-mentioned textile carrying oils in proportions as low as 15.0% by weight (7.5% by weight of each) and up to as high concentrations as possible depending on the solubility of the particular agents in the particular oil or carrying agent. In the interests of economy and availability, however, proportions in the range from about by weight to about by Weight of the composite agent have been found very satisfactory, with the upper limits being raised to about or more by weight where particular circumstances or requirements warrant such values.
In the event that more than two of the lubricating and anti-static agents are compounded in the carrying agent, the amounts of each may be proportionately lowered, if desired, with the total percentage by weight being at least 15 The alkyl toluene sulfonates are used in their saltfree form inasmuch as the presence of such salts would generally interfere with the solubility characteristics of the sulfonates in the mineral oil or other carrying-agents. For example, dodecyltoluene sodium sulfonate, prepared from dodecyltoluene using 20% oleum, was freed from its approximately salt content by alcoholic extraction and used in such form in the lubricating and anti-state composition.
The invention will be further described in greater detail by the following specific examples. It should be understood, however, that although these examples may set forth in particular detail some of the more specific features of the invention, they are given primarily for purposes of illustration and the invention in its broader aspects is not to be construed as limited thereto.
Example I An anti-static agent was made up as follows:
Percent Dodecyl toluene sodium sulfonate 7.5 Ammonium Salt of didecyl sulfosuccinate 7.5
Light mineral oil 35.0
and applied to textile filamentary materials such as viscose and cellulose acetate rayon fibers and filaments and softened and lubricated such materials considerably. The accumulation of static electricity was considerably reduced and the fibers and filaments showed substantially no tendency to stick to the machinery during carding and combing or to resist adherence to each other during the subsequent preparation of a sliver, web or blanket. As a consequence, lower temperatures and lower humidities were employed during such operations as well as during weaving, knitting, braiding, and other fabricating operations.
The agent Was self-emulsifiable in the textile carrying oils and furthermore, could be easily removed by soaping or scouring. It was not corrosive to metals. The agent was found to be compatible with a wide range of various warp sizes, including gelatin, sulfonated oils, and the like. The compositions were stored at 0 C. and did not deteriorate and were found satisfactory. Substantially no permanent yellowing was observed in materials treated with the anti-static composition after exposure to the atmosphere at 70 F. and relative humidity for several Weeks.
Example 2 An anti-static agent was prepared as follows:
Percent Dodecyl toluene sodium sulfonate 15 Sodium salt of didecyl sulfosuccinate 10 Light mineral oil Pine oil 5 and applied to textile filamentary materials with results as described in Example 1.
Other anti-static agents were prepared as follows:
Sodium salt of dioctyl sulfosuccinate 12 Cottonseed oil 65 Tributyl aconitate 7 The amount of the anti-static and lubricating agent to be applied to the fibrous or filamentary material will depend on many factors, such as, the physical characteristics of the material itself and its tendency toward electrification and its lubrication requirements, as well as upon the nature, availability and cost of the agent itself, all taken in view of the particular situation. Although improved results have been obtained from the use of as little as 1% or less as based on the weight of the pick-up material, and as much as 25% or more have been placed on the material, the preferred ranges of pick-up for the purposes of this invention lie between 2% and 7% as based on the weight of the treated material.
Although I have described several specific examples of my inventive concept, I consider the same not to be limited thereby nor to the specific substances mentioned therein but to include various other compounds of equivalent constitution as set forth in the claims appended hereto. It is understood that any suitable changes, modifications and variations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
What I claim is:
1. A method of treating yarns, filaments and fibers to render them more amenable to textile operations and to eliminate their tendency to accumulate charges of static electricity which comprises applying to them a composition containing from about 7.5% to about 15% by weight of dodecyl toluene sodium sulfonate; from about 7.5% to about 15 by weight of a member of the group consisting of the sodium salt of a branched-chain didecyl sulfosuccinate, the ammonium salt of a branched-chain didecyl sulfosuccinate, the ammonium salt of a branched-chain dioctyl sulfosuccinate, the sodium salt of a branchedchain dioctyl sulfosuccinate, the ammonium salt of a branched-chain dinonyl sulfosuccinate and the sodium salt of a branched-chain dinonyl sulfosuccinate or mixtures thereof; and from about 70% to about 85% by weight of a low viscosity textile carrying-agent.
2. An anti-static and lubricating agent for treating yarns, filaments and fibers to render them more amenable to textile operations and to eliminate their tendency to accumulate charges of static electricity comprising from about 7.5% to about 15% by weight of dodecyl toluene sodium sulfonate; from about 7.5% to about 15% by weight of a member of the group consisting of the sodium salt of a branched-chain didecyl sulfosuccinate, the ammonium salt of a branched-chain didecyl sulfosuccinate, the ammonium salt of a branched-chain dioctyl sulfosuccinate, thesodium salt of a branched-chain dioctyl sulfosuccinate, the ammonium salt of a branched-chain dinonyl sulfosuccinate, and the sodium salt of a branchedchain dinonyl sulfosuccinate or mixtures thereof; and from about 70% to about 85% by weight of a low viscosity textile carrying-agent.
3. Textile filamentary material having a greater amenability to textile operations and a lessened tendency to accumulate charges of static electricity and having applied thereto a composition comprising from about 7.5% to about 15% by weight of dodecyl toluene sodium sulfonate, from about 7.5% to about 15% by weight of a References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Daimler et al. June 4, 1929 Jaeger Jan. 14, 1936

Claims (1)

  1. 2. AN ANTI-STATIC AND LUBRICATING AGENT FOR TREATING YARNS, FILAMENTS AND FIBERS TO RENDER THEM MORE AMENABLE TO TEXTILE OPERATIONS AND TO ELIMINATE THEIR TENDENCY TO ACCUMULATE CHARGES OF STATIC ELECTRICITY COMPRISING FROM ABOUT 7.5% TO ABOUT 15% BY WEIGHT OF DODECYL TOLUENE SODIUM SULFONATE; FROM ABOUT 7.5% TO ABOUT 15% BY WEIGHT OF A MEMBER OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF THE SODIUM SALT OF A BRANCHED-CHAIN DIDECYL SULFOSUCCINATE, THE AMMONIUM SALT OF A BRANCHED-CHAIN DIDECYL SULFOSCUCCINATE, THE AMMONIUM SALT OF A BRANCHED-CHAIN DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE, THE SODIUM SALT OF A BRANCHED-CHAIN DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE, THE AMMONIUM SALT OF A BRANCHED-CHAIN DINONYL SULFOSUCCINATE, AND THE SODIUM SALT OF A BRANCHEDCHAIN DINONYL SULFOSCUCCINATE OR MIXTURES THEREOF; AND FROM ABOUT 70% TO ABOUT 85% BY WEIGHT OF A LOW VISCOSITY TEXTILE CARRYING-AGENT.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1174739B (en) * 1962-02-19 1964-07-30 Boehme Fettchemie Gmbh Process for the antistatic finishing of molded structures
SG79248A1 (en) * 1998-02-09 2001-03-20 Bayer Ag Biodegradable coating compositions
CN108755141A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-11-06 乌鲁木齐市华泰隆化学助剂有限公司 A kind of viscose rayon spinning oil and preparation method thereof
CN108867041A (en) * 2018-05-18 2018-11-23 浙江皇马科技股份有限公司 A kind of short rayon fiber oiling agent and its application

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1715410A (en) * 1929-06-04 Process of preparing fulling liquors and emulsions
US2028091A (en) * 1933-07-28 1936-01-14 American Cyanamid & Chem Corp Esters of sulphodicarboxylic acids

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1715410A (en) * 1929-06-04 Process of preparing fulling liquors and emulsions
US2028091A (en) * 1933-07-28 1936-01-14 American Cyanamid & Chem Corp Esters of sulphodicarboxylic acids

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1174739B (en) * 1962-02-19 1964-07-30 Boehme Fettchemie Gmbh Process for the antistatic finishing of molded structures
SG79248A1 (en) * 1998-02-09 2001-03-20 Bayer Ag Biodegradable coating compositions
CN108867041A (en) * 2018-05-18 2018-11-23 浙江皇马科技股份有限公司 A kind of short rayon fiber oiling agent and its application
CN108755141A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-11-06 乌鲁木齐市华泰隆化学助剂有限公司 A kind of viscose rayon spinning oil and preparation method thereof
CN108755141B (en) * 2018-06-29 2021-03-12 乌鲁木齐市华泰隆化学助剂有限公司 Viscose fiber spinning oil and preparation method thereof

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