US2712993A - Lead alloy for cable sheathing - Google Patents
Lead alloy for cable sheathing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2712993A US2712993A US308709A US30870952A US2712993A US 2712993 A US2712993 A US 2712993A US 308709 A US308709 A US 308709A US 30870952 A US30870952 A US 30870952A US 2712993 A US2712993 A US 2712993A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- alloy
- zinc
- aluminum
- cable sheathing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001486234 Sciota Species 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009931 pascalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C11/00—Alloys based on lead
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lead base alloy particularly suitable for use as a cable sheath and to cables sheathed with such an alloy.
- the requirements for the lead sheath on presentday cables, particularly the gas-filled and oil-filled cables, are such that moisture resistance is only one of many factors which must be taken into consideration in selecting a suitable lead alloy.
- the lead sheath In present-day cables, the lead sheath must have good bursting strength in order to resist the pressure which may be built up at certain sections within the cable as, for example, by the concentration of the oil filling at a low point in the cable with resultant development of a high hydrostatic pressure.
- Another important factor in the selection of a lead sheathing alloy for fluid-filled or other cables is good bending life or bending fatigue strength such that the sheath will be capable of withstanding repeated and substantial bending resulting, for example, from changes in temperature or from vibrations.
- the present invention is based on the discovery that an improved cable sheathing possessing good bending life and tensile strength can be obtained by employing a cable sheathing lead base alloy essentially containing small amounts of aluminum and zinc or aluminum, zinc and tellurium. More specifically, it has been found that alloys containing, by weight, from about 0.03 to 0.08% aluminum, from about 0.03 to about 0.15% zinc and from 0 to about 0.1% tellurium, bflance lead, are particularly useful as cable sheathing.
- the term balance lead is intended to cover lead containing small amounts of impurities such as antimony, copper, bismuth, silver and iron present in commercial leads, the presence of which, in impurity amounts, is not detrimental to the present invention.
- Preferred alloys are those containing about 0.07% aluminum and about 0.1% zinc.
- cable sheathing alloys of the present invention are hardened lead alloys particularly characterized by good tensile strength and good bending life under higher strain conditions so that cable sheaths of the subject alloys are characterized by improved service life, particularly at the more elevated operating temperatures.
- the tellurium addition has a slight effect on the tensile strength or the resultant alloys but has practically no etfect On the bending life of the alloys. it, therefore, constitutes a permissible but not an essential component of the alloy.
- the alloy be free or substantially free from efiective amounts of other alloying ingredients which alone or in combination with the aluminum or zinc may deleteriously aifect the desirable properties of the base alloy.
- a lead base alloy consisting of from 0.02 to 0.08% aluminum, 0.03 to 0.15% zinc, balance lead, and small amounts of impurities present in commercial leads.
- a lead base alloy consisting of from 0.02 to 0.08% aluminum, 0.03 to 0.1% zinc, up to 0.1% tellurium, balance lead, and a small amount of impurities present in commercial leads.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Description
United States Patent LEAD ALLGY FDR ABLE SEEATHYNG John F. Ecirel, Scotia, N. Y., assignor to General Eiectric Company, a corporation of New York No Drawing. Application September 9, 1952, Serial No. 308,709
2 Ciaims. (531. 75-466) The present invention relates to a lead base alloy particularly suitable for use as a cable sheath and to cables sheathed with such an alloy.
While one of the original purposes for the lead sheath which is extruded around electric power and communication cables was to provide a durable protection against moisture, the requirements for the lead sheath on presentday cables, particularly the gas-filled and oil-filled cables, are such that moisture resistance is only one of many factors which must be taken into consideration in selecting a suitable lead alloy. In present-day cables, the lead sheath must have good bursting strength in order to resist the pressure which may be built up at certain sections within the cable as, for example, by the concentration of the oil filling at a low point in the cable with resultant development of a high hydrostatic pressure. Another important factor in the selection of a lead sheathing alloy for fluid-filled or other cables is good bending life or bending fatigue strength such that the sheath will be capable of withstanding repeated and substantial bending resulting, for example, from changes in temperature or from vibrations.
The present invention is based on the discovery that an improved cable sheathing possessing good bending life and tensile strength can be obtained by employing a cable sheathing lead base alloy essentially containing small amounts of aluminum and zinc or aluminum, zinc and tellurium. More specifically, it has been found that alloys containing, by weight, from about 0.03 to 0.08% aluminum, from about 0.03 to about 0.15% zinc and from 0 to about 0.1% tellurium, bflance lead, are particularly useful as cable sheathing. The term balance lead is intended to cover lead containing small amounts of impurities such as antimony, copper, bismuth, silver and iron present in commercial leads, the presence of which, in impurity amounts, is not detrimental to the present invention. Preferred alloys are those containing about 0.07% aluminum and about 0.1% zinc. The
cable sheathing alloys of the present invention are hardened lead alloys particularly characterized by good tensile strength and good bending life under higher strain conditions so that cable sheaths of the subject alloys are characterized by improved service life, particularly at the more elevated operating temperatures.
The advantageous properties of the alloys of the present invention are evident from the following test results. Strip samples of an alloy containing 0.07% aluminum and 0.1% zinc, balance lead which had been extruded at about 200 C. and air cooled, possess an average tensile strength of 2400 p. s. i. and an elongation of 50%. Repeated bending tests at F. at approximately 0.5% strain and one cycle per minute on strip samples of this alloy were also carried out. The alloys averaged approximately 22,000 cycles to failure. Similar tests on an alloy composed of .076% aluminum, .09l% zinc, .O73% tellurium, balance lead, gave an average tensile strength of 2450 pounds per square inch and 50% elongation and 22,000 cycles to failure in the bending life tests. As is evident from the tensile strength and elongation values, the alloys possess both a high strength and a high degree ductility not normally obtainable together in a lead base alloy.
From the results of the above tests, it will also be noted that the tellurium addition has a slight effect on the tensile strength or the resultant alloys but has practically no etfect On the bending life of the alloys. it, therefore, constitutes a permissible but not an essential component of the alloy. However, in this connection it is essential that the alloy be free or substantially free from efiective amounts of other alloying ingredients which alone or in combination with the aluminum or zinc may deleteriously aifect the desirable properties of the base alloy.
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:
l. A lead base alloy consisting of from 0.02 to 0.08% aluminum, 0.03 to 0.15% zinc, balance lead, and small amounts of impurities present in commercial leads.
2. A lead base alloy consisting of from 0.02 to 0.08% aluminum, 0.03 to 0.1% zinc, up to 0.1% tellurium, balance lead, and a small amount of impurities present in commercial leads.
References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,892,273 Hawkins Dec. 27, 1932 2,525,603 Jenks et al. Oct. 10, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS 449,372 Great Britain June 25, 1936 570,041 Great Britain June 20, 1945
Claims (1)
1. A LEAD BASE ALLOY CONSISTING OF FROM 0.02 TO 0.08% ALUMINUM, 0.03 TO 0.15% ZINC, BALANCE LEAD, AND SMALL AMOUNTS OF IMPURITIES PRESENT IN COMMERCIAL LEADS.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US308709A US2712993A (en) | 1952-09-09 | 1952-09-09 | Lead alloy for cable sheathing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US308709A US2712993A (en) | 1952-09-09 | 1952-09-09 | Lead alloy for cable sheathing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2712993A true US2712993A (en) | 1955-07-12 |
Family
ID=23195074
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US308709A Expired - Lifetime US2712993A (en) | 1952-09-09 | 1952-09-09 | Lead alloy for cable sheathing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2712993A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1892273A (en) * | 1927-09-13 | 1932-12-27 | American Mach & Foundry | Fusible alloy and method of making the same |
| GB449372A (en) * | 1935-08-10 | 1936-06-25 | Kabel Und Metalwerke Neumeyer | Improvements in the production of lead-tellurium alloys |
| GB570041A (en) * | 1940-08-09 | 1945-06-20 | Colbert Eric Richards | Improvements in the manufacture of lead alloys |
| US2525603A (en) * | 1945-11-21 | 1950-10-10 | Revere Copper & Brass Inc | Method of making lead coated copper |
-
1952
- 1952-09-09 US US308709A patent/US2712993A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1892273A (en) * | 1927-09-13 | 1932-12-27 | American Mach & Foundry | Fusible alloy and method of making the same |
| GB449372A (en) * | 1935-08-10 | 1936-06-25 | Kabel Und Metalwerke Neumeyer | Improvements in the production of lead-tellurium alloys |
| GB570041A (en) * | 1940-08-09 | 1945-06-20 | Colbert Eric Richards | Improvements in the manufacture of lead alloys |
| US2525603A (en) * | 1945-11-21 | 1950-10-10 | Revere Copper & Brass Inc | Method of making lead coated copper |
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