US279505A - stilwell - Google Patents

Description

7 Sheets-Sheet l.

0. B. STILWELL.

(No Model.)

PAJPER BAG MACHINE.

Patented June 12,1883.

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G. B. STILWELL.

PAPER BAG MACHINE.

No. 279,505. 6 Patented June 12,1883.

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c. B. STILWELL.

PAPER'BAG MACHINE.

No. 279,505. Patented June 12,1883.

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(1 10 Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 4.

G. B. STILWELL.

PAPER BAG M 'H'INE.

No. 279,505. Patented June 12,1883.

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PAPER BAG MAGEINR -Patented JunelZ, 1883.

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0. B. STILWELL.

PAPER BAG MACHINE. No. 279,505. Patented June 12,1883.

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0. B. STILWELL.

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Patented June 12,1883.

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CHARLES B. STILWVELL, OF \VATERTOVVN, N Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE UNION PAPER BAG MACHINE COIVIPANY,'OF PHILADELPHIA, PA.

PAPER- B AG MACH I NE.

CPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 279,505. dated June 12, 1883,

Application filed August 1 .15812. No model.)

Tu'rtlt whom, it may concern/.-

Be it known 'that I, CHAS. l3. STILWELL, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Watertown, county of Jefferson, and State 5 of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Paper-Bag Machines, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings," forming a part of the same.

1 The present invention relates to machinery for the manufacture of paper bags, some of its features being applicable toall classes of such machines, while others apply only to those machines which produce bags oft-he kind known 1 satchel-bottom. \Vith reference to the latter class of machines it relates more particularly to one having the general characteristics of that shown and described in United'States Letters Patent No. 255, 204. 2 Those features of the "invention which are applicable alike to all bag-machines in which a web of paper is converted into atube to be afterward cut into "bag-lengths, consist in. devices for properly guiding the web in its 011- 2 5 trance into the machine, and ina mechanism for applying a line of paste to the edge of the web, so constructed and arranged as to com.- pensate for variations in the tension of the web without interfering with the continuity of the line of paste.

Those features especially applicable to machines which make satchel-bottom bags consist principz-tlly in the various devices and combinations by which the machine is capaci- 35 'tated to produce bags of various sizes, all of which are hereinafter so fully explained and particularly pointed out as to make further preliminary description unnecessary.

In said drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are oppo 0 site side'elevations of a mechanism embodying'the present invention. Figs. 3 and 4 are opposite end elevations of the same. Fig. 5 is alongitudinal vertical section of the same, the frame being oinittedfor the sake of clear- 5 ness of illustration. Fig. 6-is a plan view of tlie'same, and Fig. 7 is a horizontal section upon the linem m of Figs. 2'and 3. Fig. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of the devices-for controlling the movements of the cuttingand 5o creasing apparatus so as to vary the size of the bag produced. Fig. 9-is a crosssection of the same, taken upon theli'ne y y and looking in the direction of the arrow; and Figs. 10 and 11 illustrate modifications of said devices, to be hereinafterreferred to.

In order that the invention may be fully and easily understood, the general functions of the mechanism in which it is embodied will be first explained in connection with its operation upon a'webof paper in converting the same into bags, after which the structure, particu-- lar characteristics, and specific operations of the difl'erent parts will, as far as is necessary, be explained in detail.

The web of paper to be operated upon is led from a roll, 50, supported upon a shaft, 51, held in bearings at-the left of the machine, as shown'in Fig. 1. The web is first conducted around the leading-roll 53, where one of its edges receives a continuous line of paste from the pasting-disk 54, and after passing between 'cuttii'ig-rolls 56, where blade 12 makes short transverse cuts through the center ofv the web at or near the points of ultimate severance of bag frombag, (as shown in United 7 States Patent No. 255,204,) it is led onto the vertical former 57, where, by the aid of guide-fingers 58, the tube is formed in the usual and well-known manner. lhe web, nowin the form of a tube, having short transverse cuts, in one of its plies, passes from the former between the feeding and pressing rolls 59 60, which press and set the freshly-pasted seam, and from thence into the bite of the cutting and opening rolls 61 62. These rolls are pro 8 5 vided with the se\-*ering-blades 14 and 15, which cut through both plies of the tube, making the transverse cuts inward from the edgesof the tube and the short longitudinal slits, which meet and intersect the central 9o transverse cut made by the blade 12, and leave the tube entirely severed, exceptthe small portion at the seam, all as clearly shown and described in the Letters Patent before referred to. The roll 61 is also preferably provided' 5 with a creasing-blade, 16, which cooperates with a groove in the roll 62 to crease the centraltransverse fold of the diamond; but such blade is not-absolutely necessary, as the devices will entirely operative without it. IO

The roll'fil is also provided with means for grasping or causing the outer or upper ply of the tube to adhere to or travel with it for a short distance, so as to distend or open the end of the tube to lay the diamond fold, said ply being stripped from such holding devices or from the surface of the roll by the stripper 85, as also shown and described in the Letters Patent before referred to. The tube, now entirely severed, except the small feeding portion, and having its end distended, passes over the roll 62. where the upper ply is laid back into diamond form by the breaking-roll 63, after which the diamond is pressed and has its fold-lines clearly defined by passing between the rolls 64. From this point it passes onto the endless traveling apron 65, which is carried by the rolls 67 69. In passing around the curvature of roll 67 the rear point of the diamond will. be slightly elevated, so as to come into contact with pastingdisks 66, from. which it will receive lines of paste at suitable points, these disks, as well as the roll 98 and fountain from which they are supplied, being of the common construction and operated in the usual manner. After receiving paste the rear point of the diamond passes under the presser-finger 94, which brings it down onto the surface of roll 67, where it is then creased by the revoly'ing creaser-blade 9, prepa ratory-to being folded forward and pasted to the bottom of the bag. The diamond folded and creased tube then passes around roll 67, and is conducted downward between the apron and guides 112, the latter being arranged, as in the Letters Patent referred to, soas to overlie and hold down the body of the dia mond without interfering with the folding of the points. As the diamond advances between the apron 65 and guides 112 a blast of air from the tube 109, which communicates with the fan or other blower, 17,raises and throws forward the rear point of the diamond already creased for the purpose, and puts it in position to be caught and laid down by the faster-moving belt 68 and pressed by the rolls 69 7 0, between which it next passes. From the rolls 69 70 the tube passes between rolls 71 72, where the blade 18 severs that small portion of the seam-ply which to this point has remained unsevered, and the pasting-edges 10 19 upon roll 72 apply suitable lines of paste to the front point of the diamond. These pasting edges receive their paste from the fountain-roll 86, running in the fountain 87 and driven in the usual manner. The front point of the diamond, having been severed from the mouth end of the preceding bag and being new free, after receiving paste, passes onward between guides 7 3 74 and enters between roll 75 and the endless tapes 76. The tapes 76 are arranged to bear only upon the edges of the diamond, so as to leave room between them for the creaser-blade 20 to come intocontact with and crease the front point of the diamond. The creasing action of this blade causes the point of the diamond between the tapes to bend outward away from roll 75, so that it will come into contact with and be folded back by the small roll 77 onto the body of the diamond, so as to complete the bottom of the bag. As the completed bag emerges from between roll 75 and tapes 76 it is received upon the apron 150 and carried between rolls 151 152, where the finished bottom is pressed to set the folds securely in place, and is then delivered from the machine in any approved or convenient manner.

By reference to Figs. 1, 2, and it will be observed that the shaft 51, upon which the roll containing the web of paper is mounted, is supported in bearings 49, attached to pendent arms 52, which are plyoted to the frame of the machine at 48, so as to be capable of lateral oscillation, said arms being held in proper relation to each other bya pivota'lly-attached cross-bar, 47, and said bearings 49 being also pivotally attached, so as to always remain level during the oscillations of th e arms 52.

The tension of the web is regulated and controlled by a brake 'or friction device consisting of a bar, 21, secured to the ends of pivoted arms 79 in such position as to rest upon the roll, as shown in Figs. 1. and 3. The pressure of the bar upon the roll, and consequently the tension of the web, can be varied at pleasure by means of a counterbalancing weight or spring adjusted to act at varying points upon the inwardlyextending ends 82 of the arms 7 9.

The tension-bar 21 is provided upon its under side with a pair of guides, 78, so-arranged as to bear against the opposite sides of the roll 5Q, J shown in Fig. 3, and cause the web to enter the machine at exactly the right position. \Vhenlarge rolls of paper are used they frequently become more or less telescoped, so that were the shaft 51. mounted in fixed bearings, the position of the web laterally of the machine would be gradually changed as the roll was unwound, and-this changing of the position of the web would of course produce an irregular and defective tube. By mounting the shaft 51 in aswinging frame, however, and prm'iding the guides 78, the position of the roll can be changed as the web is unwound, so that the web will always be properly presented to the operating mechanisms. The guides 78 are made adjustable by means of slots in the bar 21, as shown in Fig. 7, so as to permit of their acting upon rolls containing webs of varying widths.

In order that any sudden or unusual resistance to the unwinding of the web may be compensated for, so as not to cause undue strain upon the material, the leading roll 53 is mounted in bearings in arms 22, depending from a rock-shaft, 80, so as to be capable of oscillating as the tension of the web changes. The shaft is also provided with arms 23, which carry the paste-fountain. 81, and in which bearings are formed for the shaft of the pasting-disk 54. The arms 22 28 are mounted looselyupon the shaft 80, but are provided with set-screws by which they can be secured in any desired position with relation to each other. In practice they will be adjusted to such a distance from each other that the past ing-disk will bear 'upon the web as it' passes around roll 53. The arms 23 are also made capable of lateral adjustment, so as to place the pasting-disk in proper positions to operthat when an y extra strain upon the web swings the leading-roll the pasting-disk will follow and the line of paste will not be interrupted.

To prevent the weight of the leading-roll from swinging the arms 23 so far backward as to tilt the vat 81 to such a degree as to spill the paste, one of the arms 23 has attached to it a weighted arm, 83, (seeFig. 1,) which counterbalances the leading-roll and holds the vat in a substantially horizontal position..

The three sets of cutting mechanisms 'hereinbefore referred to may be of any of the common forms of rotary cutters; butthe preferred construction is that shown and described in United States Letters Patent No. 206,638.

The former 57, which is of the ordinary constructi on, is attached to the adjustable bracket 84 by means of a bolt, 24, so. that it can be readily removed and a wider or narrower one l of the drum 67;

substituted when it is desired to vary the width of the tube to be produced.

Th e breakin g-roller 63 isj ourn al ed in the en ds of. arms 92, whichare loosely mounted upon the stationary shaft 93, and is supported at the proper distance from the roll 62 by a projection, 91, on the frame 88, upon which rests one of the arms 92.

The pressing-roll 64' is mounted loosely up on the shaft 93, as shown in Fig. 5, and simply bears with its own weight .upon the roll 60, it being revolved by. frictional contact with the tube. l

In order to prevent the apron 65 from sagging away from, the guides 112, so as to destroy the effective operation of the belt 68 in laying forward the rear point of the diamond,

the apron is caused to travel over a fixed plate, 106, by which it will be sustained in proper relation to the guides.

The tapes 76, which pass around .roll. 77 and pulleys 25, are kept taut by means of the tightening-pulleys, 26, around which they pass, an d' which are mounted upon the ends of arms extending from and adjustable upon the rock shaft 27. The roll 77 is also supported in arms extending from the shaft 27 and said roll and the tapes 76 are kept constantly in contact with the roll. 7 5by means of a spring, 28,which acts upon an arm, 29, extending from the shaft 27.

The various parts of the apparatus are driven from the main shaft 108, which is. provided with the usual belt-pulleys and hand-wheel and with a gear, 113, which, through intermediates 114 115, imparts motion to gear 116,'

which is mounted-loosely upon the shaft 117. (See Fig. 6.) The gear 116 engages with the intermediate 124, through which motion is imparted to gears 125 126 upon the shafts of the feeding drum and roll 6059. The gear 125 engages with an intermediate, 129, through which motion is imparted to gears 127 128 upon the shafts of the cutting. and opening rolls 61 62. The outward]y-extending end of the shaft of roll 62 is provided with a gear, 130, which engages with an intermediate, 120. This intermediate engages with gear 118, fast upon the shaft of drum 67, and with gear 131 upon the shaft of paste roll 98, the shafts of the paste-roll and the pastingdisks 66 being connected by gears 96 97. (See 6.) Gear 118 engages with gear 119 upon the shaft 122, which carries the creasing-blade 9, and also, through the train of intermediates 121 132 133, with the gears 134, 135, and 136, which drive the first cutting and the final cutting, creasing, and pasting mechanisms.

The rolls 55 56 of the first cutting mechanism are connected by gears 137 138, and the final cutting and pasting rolls 71 72 86 by gears 139 140 141. The roll 75 and the shaft carrying the creaser 20 are also connected by gears so as to be driven in unison.

The driving-shaft 108, in addition to the de vices already specified, is provided with abeltpulley, 110, aroundwhich passes a belt,'111,

for driving the fan-blower 17, and also with a pulley, 107, around which passes the belt 68.

The various gears just described are so proportioned that the cutting and opening rolls 61 62 will be driven at the same surface speed" as the ieeding-rolls 59 60, that the apron 65 will be driven at a slightly'greater speed, so as .to keep the tube taut, and that the cuttingrolls 5556, creaser 9,- cutting and pasting rolls '71 72, and final creaser 20, and roll 75 will inake revolution for revolution with the rolls 61 62.

In the present machine the feed of, the web and tube is the same for all sizes'of bags, it

beingcontrolled by the rolls 59 60, drum 67,

and rolls 69 70, the speed of which is always the same withrelation to the drivinginechanism. In order therefore to change the length of the bag produced, it is necessary to cause the various devices which cut, crease, open,

and apply paste to the web and tube to act at longer or shorter intervals so that a greater or less length of the web or tube may pass betweelrtwo successive operations and thus a longer or shorter bag be formed.

It will be observed that the action of the cutting and opening rolls 61 62 upon the tube is such that they must always hax e surface speed just equal to the feed of the tube, and as theircutting and opening devices act at each revolution it follows that the length of the bags produced will always be just equal to the circumference of these rolls. In order therefore to produce a longer or shorter bag, larger or smaller rolls must be used and be driven so as to make a correspondinglyless or greater number of revolutions to a given length of tubing' To facilitate the changing of these is constantly exerted to hold the sleeve 8 in l rolls, they are mounted in bearings in a reing at itsminimum speedthat istosay, when movable frame, 88, which is secured in position by bolts 89 90, (see Fig. 6,) so that it can be readily removed, and a frame carrying larger or smaller rolls substituted when it is desired to change the length of the bag. As these rolls are positively driven and must always have a surface speed just equal -to that of rolls 59 60, it follows that any change in the size of these rolls must be accompanied by a corresponding change in the size of the gears 127 and 128, by which they are driven.

To permitthe use of rolls 61 62 having gears 127 128 of various size, the gear 129, which connects gear 125 with gear 127 is mounted upon a swinging arm, 142, (see Fig. 2,) so that it can be adjusted to coact with gears of varying sizes without being thrown out of connection with its driving-gear 125. The arm 142 can be fixed in any desired position by means of the lateral arm 143, which slides upon a stud, 144, and is controlled by a set-screw, 145.

The gear 130 upon the outwardly-extending end of the shaft of roll 62, which, through the trains of gears already described, communicates motion to the other cutting and creasing mechanisms, will always be of the same size, so that no matter what the size of the rolls 61 62 the other devices will make revolution for revolution with them, as already set forth; but inasmuch as by making the rolls 61 62 larger or smaller they will without change in their surface speed make aless or greater number of revolutions in a given time, it follows that the other cutting and creasing devices, which remain the same in size and yet .revolve synchronically with said rolls 61 62, will have their speed varied with every change in said rolls, and consequently will often have a speed different from that of the web or tube upon which they are acting. As, however, none of the cutting and creasing devices except the rolls 61 62 act as feeding devices for the web or tube, it is not necessary thatthey should move at a uniform speed therewith, except during the intervals when they are acting upon said web or tube to cut or crease the same, the remainder of their revolutions being accomplished at a faster or slower rate of speed, if necessary. To secure this action on the part of the creasing-blade 9 it, instead of being attached directly to its shaft 122, is attached to a sleeve, 8, mounted loosely upon said shaft. This sleeve is provided with .a circumferential slot, 7, through which projects from the shaft a stud, 6, the outer end of which is provided with a small rod, 4, which extends forward and passes through a bearing in a stud, 5, projecting from the sleeve 8 at the forward end of the slot 7.

Surrounding the rod 4 between the studs 5 and 6 is a spiral spring, the tension of which such position that the stud 6 will be in the rear end of the slot ,7. The creasing-blade 9and the gears by which it is driven are so proportioned that when said blade is revolvthe longest bag which it is designed the machine shall ever produce is being madeit will move as fast or slightly faster than the feed of the tube. blade is caused to revolve more rapidly, so as to crease shorter bags, its speed will be proportionately increased beyond the feed of the tube. From what has already been said, however, in regard to the manner in which the blade 9 is mounted, it will be readily seen. that, no matter what its speed, it will, as soon as it comes in contact with the tube upon the drum 67, be retarded so as to conform to the feed of the tube. \Vhile the blade 9 is thus retarded the shaft 122 will move onward at its regular speed, thereby compressing the spring around the rod 4 between the studs 5 6, so that as soon as the blade passes out of contact with the tube the tension of the spring will throw it forward, causing it to regain the distance lost while in contact with the tube. It will thus be seen that no matter what the length of the bag it may be successfully creased by this mechanism by simply changing the speed of the blade.

In order to properly time the action .of the various cutting and creasing devices with re lation to each other, the gears 119, 134, 135, and 136, instead of being fixed to the shafts of the devices which they operate, are secured by bolts 3 to the faces of disks 123, fast to said shafts, said disks being provided with recesses 2,- as shown in Fig. 8, for the heads of the bolts, so that by loosening the nuts of said bolts the shafts carrying said cutting and creasing devices can be moved to and set in any desired position with relation .to their driving-gears.

The cutting-rolls 55 56 and the creasingblade 20 and roll 75 are provided with .devices by which .theyican be given an irregular motion-that is to say, by which they can be made while acting upon the web or tube to no move substantially in unison therewith, while the remainder of the revolution is made at .a speed greater or less than the feed of the tube or web, as may be desired. The devices em ployed for giving this irregular motion to the 1 I 5 rolls 55 56 and to the roll .7 5 and blade 20 be ing exactly the same, a description of those employed in connection with the former rolls will be .suflieient for both.

Referring particularly to Figs. 8 .and 9, it

will be seen that the disk 123, which carries the gear 134, instead of beingsecured directly to the shaft 46 of the roll 56, is keyed to a sleeve, 45,which surrounds said shaft, passing through its bearing in the frame-work of the 12 5 machine, and has secured to its inner end a disk, 44, provided with an outwardly-extend ing stud, 43, which enters a slot, 30, in a disk, 31, which. is supported in a bearing in an admachine, as shown in 3. At a point op- From this it follows that when the '.ustablearm, 32, secured to the frame of the gear 138, which is keyed to and drives the shaft 46 of the roll 56, as before explained. The

opening 35 in the disk 31, throughwhich the sleeve 45 passes, is, as will be observed, very much larger than said sleeve, so that by means of the adj ustable arm 32 the disk can be moved at pleasure, so as to be concentric with or more or less eccentric to the shaft 46 and gear 138. i

From the construction just. described it will be seen that the gear 134, through disk 123 and sleeve 45, imparts motion to the disk 44, and that the latter, through stud 43, disk 31, and stud 34, communicates said motion to the gear 138 and shaft 46, said shaft, and consequently its roll and the roll 55, making turn for turn with the gear 134. It will also be seen that when the disk 3l'is adjusted so as to be concentric with'the shaft 46, said shaft, and consequently its roll, will have a regular movement, but that-whenthe disk 31 is adjusted, as shown, so as to be eccentric to the shaft 46, said shaft and its roll, while still making turn for turn, or moving at the same average speed as gear 134, will have an irregular movement, one part of the revolution being accomplished at a speed greater than that of gear 134, and the other part at a speed less than that of said gear. This irregular movement of the rolls 55 56, as will readily be seen, makes it possible to so adjust said rolls that whether they make a greater or less number of turns to a given length of the web,'they will, while the cutting-blade 12 is acting, move at substantially the same speed as the web.

In Fig. 10 a modified structure is shown, in which the disk 123 and the sleeve 45 are dispensed with, the gear 134 and the disk 44 be ing keyed directly to the shaft 46, while the gear 138 and the roll 56 are secured together, but mounted loosely upon the shaft. In Fig. 11 the structure is still further simplified by dispensing with disk 44. The gear 134 is in this case mounted loosely upon the shaft 46, and carries upon its face the stud 43, the gear 138 being in this case fast to the shaft 46.

The rolls 7]; 72, which carry the final cutting and pasting mechanisms, are driven at a regular speed for all sizes of bags. The blanks being entirely severed from each other by this cutting mechanism, it is not necessary that it should move at the same speed as the blank upon which it acts, while the elastic nature of the pasting-ridges upon the roll 72 allows them to yield and slip when the speed of the rolls is greater than that of the paper.

To facilitate the supplying of paste to the vats 87 81, the vat 99 is provided with an overfiow-spout from which a trough, 36, conducts the overflow to the vat 87, the latter vat being likewise provided with an overflow-spout from which a trough, 37, conducts its overflow to the lower vat, 81, all as shown in Fig. 1. By this arrangement it is only necessary to keep the vat 99 full in order to insure a full supply to the other vats.

. 4. The combination,withthe yieldingly-sup- 8o ported leading-roll 53, of the pastingdisk 54 and means for causing said disk to follow said roll in its movements, all substantially. as described.

'5. The combination, with the oscillating roll 8 5 53,0f the oscillating pasting disk and vat, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the primary cutting-rolls 55 56 and the opening-rolls 61 62,

of the feedingrolls 59 60, locatedbetween said go cutting and opening rolls, and the former 57, located between said cutting and feeding rolls, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with a creasing-blade,

as 9, provided with means whereby it has a 5 4 limited rotative movement independent of its shaft, of means for varying the speed of said shaft, all substantially as described.

8. The combination, with the shaft 122, of the sleeve 8, carrying the creasing-blade, and means for permitting said sleeve to partially revolve upon its shaft, all substantially as described.

. 9. .The combination,with the shaft 122, pro vided with the stud 6, of the sleeve 8,carrying the creasing-blade,a1nl. the stud 5 and the spring located between said studs, substantially as described. I

10. The rolls 71 72, provided with final cutting and pasting devices, all substantially as described.

11. The combination, with a rotary cutting or creasing mechanism, as 55 56 or 75 20, and its driving-gears, of an adjustable disk, as 31, provided with slots, as 30 33, in which work studs connected'with said gears, substantially as described.

12. The combination,witha cutting or creasing mechanism, as 55 56 or 75 20, and its driving gears and shaft, of the sleeve 45, provided with disk 44, adjustable disk 31,provided with slots 30 33, and the studs 34 43, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof Ih ave hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHAS. B. STILVELL. Witnesses:

J AS. A. HovnY, Gno. H. GRAHAM.

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