US2793493A - Devices for deflecting fluid jets - Google Patents

Description

- May 28, 1957 M; KADOSCH ETAL DEVICES FOR DEF'LECTING FLUID ms Filed April 18, .1951

(amprcssed ll'r [am Dressed United States Patent DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING FLUID JETS Marcel Kadosch, Paris, Fraugois G. Paris, Chaville, Jean Bertin, Neuilly-sur-Seine, and Raymond H. Marchal, Paris, France, assignors to Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation, Paris, France, a company of France Application April 18, 1951, Serial No. 221,551

Claims priority, application France April 28, 1950 Claims. (Cl. 60-3554) An object of this invention is to provide an improved jet deflecting device to be used in connection with a nozzle designed for forming an axially-issuing jet.

A further object of this invention is to provide a jet deflecting device having no movable physical member protruding into the jet.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a jet deflecting device having a controllable, progressive action on the jet, irrespective of the flow conditions of the latter.

Another object of the invention is to provide a controllable jet deflecting device to be used in connection with a nozzle of circular cross-section, whereby the jet flowing axially through this nozzle is radially deflected about the axis of the nozzle.

These and other objects of the invention will become apparent during the course of the following description illustrated by the accompanying drawings in which:

Figures 1 and 2 are end views of two embodiments according to the invention;

Figures 3 and 4 are axial sections along the lines III-III and IV-IV of Figures 1 and 2, respectively;

Figures 5 and 6 illustrate another embodiment, Figure 5 being an axial section along the line V-V of Figure 6 which. is an end view.

The principle on which the invention is based is as follows:

A nozzle is designed for forming a jet issuing therefrom along an axial direction indicated by the arrow N (see Fig. 3).

Deflection of this jet from the normal flow direction N is achieved through a twofold action:

(a) Deflection is initiated by intercepting some of the streamlines of the jet, the jet being urged away from the intercepting means, and

(b) The slightly deflected jet is taken up by laterally extending flow guiding means located outside but adjacent the normal flow path of the jet, which means leads the jet angularly away from the axis of the nozzle to a predetermined extent.

This flow guiding means may be a simple convex extension of a wall of the nozzle, preferably a curved surface substantially tangent to this wall. Such a convex extension used in connection with jet deflection is described in our Patent No. 2,702,986, issued March 1, 1955.

This application also describes flow intercepting means for initiating deflection, which means comprises a solid or fluid obstacle in the path of the axially flowing jet.

The present invention relates to an improved jet deflecting device of the kind set forth above, operating with a fluid obstacle for initiating the deflection, this fluid obstacle being in the form of an auxiliary jet issuing into the main jet to be deflected, at a substantial angle therewith. This auxiliary jet is supplied with fluid under pressure providing from an external source, valve means being provided for controlling the supply of pressure fluid.

Figures 1 and 3 show a converging nozzle ABAB of rectangular cross-section, the opposite walls AB and A'B of which are produced by convex extensions BC and BC', respectively. An auxiliary slot-like nozzle 7 is formed through the wall AB', in the neck zone of the main nozzle. This auxiliary nozzle 7 is connected, through a valve, with a source of compressed air and is so designed as to form an auxiliary air jet generally crosswise of the main flow.

A deflection towards the wall AB, extended by a convex wall BC, is observed. This deflection continuously and progressively varies when the supply of compressed air to the nozzle 7 is varied by means of the valve V.

The required output and pressure of compressed air are extremely low; the ratio of the main flow to the secondary flow can reach and even more; the deflection obtained without any other means is important and may reach and more. Finally, this. deflection device produces very little eddying within the main flow, because the throttling eflect is much less important, this being of interest in certain applications.

In the same manner, it is possible to deflect a jet flowing through a tube of revolution ABA'B, by means of an annular compressed air jet 8 producing deflection either outwards as illustrated in Figures 2 and 4 or inwards, as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. In the last-mentioned case, the jet to be deflected flows through the annular interval 9.

What we claim is:

1. In a nozzle designed for forming a jet flowing in a general axial direction with respect thereto when said nozzle is supplied with fluid, the combination of flow guiding means extending laterally of said axially-flowing jet and providing an exhaust curved path for said fluid so as to form a secondary jet at a substantial angle with the axis of said nozzle, auxiliary nozzle means, transversely spaced from said flow guiding means and opening into said axial'ly-flowing jet in a general crosswise direction with respect thereto, for forming an auxiliary jet generally across'said axially-flowing jet, whereby said axially-flowing jet is urged towards said flow guiding means, a source of pressure fluid external to said nozzle, piping means between said source and said auxiliary nozzle means for supplying the latter means with pressure fluid, and means for controlling the flow of pressure fluid through said piping means.

2. In. a nozzle designed for forming a jet flowing in a general axial direction with respect thereto when said nozzle is supplied with fluid, the combination of flow guiding means extending laterally of said axially-flowing jet and providing an exhaust curved path for said fluid so as to form a secondary jet at a substantial angle with the axis of said nozzle, auxiliary nozzle means, transversely spaced from said flow guiding means and opening into said axially-flowing jet in a general crosswise direction with respect thereto, for forming an auxiliary jet generally across said axially-flowing jet, whereby said axiallyflowing jet is urged towards said flow guiding means, an external source of air under pressure, piping means between said source and said auxiliary nozzle means for supplying the latter means with air under pressure, and means for controlling the flow of air through said piping means.

3. The combination of claim 2, wherein the auxiliary nozzle means comprises a generally circular slot-like passage extending in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of the nozzle, said circular slot-like passage being adapted to form a generally annular auxiliary jet across the axially-flowing jet.

4. The combination of claim 3, wherein the slot-like passage is located on a body of general revolution shape substantially coaxial with the nozzle and disposed within,

9 the axially-flowing jet, said passage opening radially outpassage is located on a body of general revolution shape substantially coaxial with the nozzle and Idisposed about the axially-flowing jet, said passage opening radially inwards to form an annular auxiliary jet exerting a centrifugal action on the axially-flowing jet.

UNITED STATES PATENTS Turner Mar. 10, Button etral. Aug. 19, Price Nov. 8, Goddard Dec. 20, Imbert Dec. 9,

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