US2773451A - Wad for cartridge - Google Patents

Description

A. M. R. LALOUX 2,773,451

WAD FOR CARTRIDGE Dec. 11, 1956 Filed Feb. 21, 1952 Fig.1

INVENTOR.

Anal/ee M. L. R. 1.32002 Patented Dec. 11, 1956 WAD FOR CARTRIDGE Andre Marie Louis Rene Laloux, Liege, Belgium, assignor to Fabrique Nationale dArmes de Guerre, Herstal- Liege, Belgium, a Belgian society Application February 21, 1952, Serial No. 272,807 Claims priority, application Belgium February 21, 1951 1 Claim. (Cl. 102-95) In the cartridges, the projectiles or shot are separated from the powder by means of a more or less elastic element referred to as wad. The known wads generally consist of disks made of compressed material, such as felt or granulated cork.

One major drawback of said wads resides in their lack of tightness or sealing effectiveness, which results in a low efiiciency due to the gas leakages, the grouping of the shots because of the heat of said gases and the dispersion of the shot cones.

Wads are also known comprisinga cup associated with the conventional wads: in this case the concavity of the cup is turned towards the powder; said cup constitutes a standard pneumatic joint: under the gas pressure, the side casing of said cup applies against the side wall of the case and then against the gun, thereby preventing the gas leakages.

This type of wad makes the charging difficult, as the first element to be engaged is the cup, which may accidentally swing or which sometimes hooks on the rim of the case.

The oblique or inverted position taken by said cup does not ensure the tightness or sealing effect desired and, which is more serious, it is impossible to detect said deficiency when the charging has been efiected.

The present invention which aims to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks has for its object a wad comprising a tightness or sealing cup acting by distortion under the effect of the internal pressure, associated with guiding means for preventing swinging and facilitating the introduction of the case into the tube.

According to one feature of the present invention, the guiding means consists of :a cup arranged back to back with the tightness or sealing cup, which in one embodiment is joined to the latter by any convenient means, such as rivet, glue, screw, and so on.

In a preferred embodiment, the wad comprising a tightness cup and a guiding cup is made in one piece i. e. the wad consists of a single part provided with two opposite cavities, one of which, turned towards the powder, constitutes the tightness cup while the other, turned towards the charge, constitutes the guiding cup. The latter may be filled with any material, such as felt, board, sawdust, and so on.

The invention will be more clearly explained with reference to the accompanying illustrative drawing showing two embodiments.

Figs. 1 and 2 are longitudinal sectional views of two embodiments of a wad according to the invention.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the tightness cup 2 is disposed back to back with a guiding cup 3 after a disk 4 made of felt or similar material has been inserted. The three parts of the wad are fixed together by means of a rivet 5. Said rivet may be replaced by a bolt or other fixing means. In this embodiment, the constituent parts of the wad are thus separately made and then assembled.

According to the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the wad consists of a cylindrical body 6, with two opposite cavities 7 and 8, separated with the disk 9, the whole being made in one piece. That cavity which is turned towards the shots is filled with any material such as felt or sawdust.

In both of the described embodiments the height of the guiding cup is so chosen as to prevent the tightness cup from swinging.

Among the advantages of the wad according to the invention the easy and sure introduction when charging and the reduced number of objects to be placed into the case are to be mentioned.

Moreover, the wad may be easily adapted to the requirements of the charging with regard to the compressibility of the Wad which may be varied according to the speed of the powder. The cup alone serving to ensure the tightness or sealing, no radial dilatation is required of the filling material which may be hard as board or as compressible as sawdust or granulated cork.

The maximum damping may even be obtained by maintaining the upper cup empty and by disposing on the upper edge thereof a strong board for supporting the shot charge.

In the case of an element in one piece wth double concavity, due to the thin walls thereof, it is possible, Without excessively increasing the cost price, to use a quite tight expansive material, such as certain plastic materials, which have for advantage a high flexibility and prevent any hygrometric exchange between the powder and the filling elements: greatly reducing deterioration of the materials and insuring good ballistic propertim of the cartridge over long periods of time.

I claim:

A one-piece wad for effectively separating the powder from the shot in a shotgun cartridge case comprising a cylindrical tubular body having a thin pliable wall and a transverse partition integral with the thin wall located between the ends of the tubular body and dividing the body into two back-to-back cups, one cup serving as the guiding means for the wad in the cartridge case and the other cup serving as the sealing means in the cartridge case; the height of the guiding cup being of a size to prevent the sealing cup from swinging or axial misalignment within the cartridge case.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 997,566 Leach July 11, 1911 1,659,649 Ernst et al. Feb. 21, 1928 1,771,897 ONeil et a1 July 29, 1930 2,073,609 Court Mar. 16, 1937 FOREIGN PATENTS 652,108 Germany Oct. 25, 1937

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