US275170A - Electric-arc lasvsp - Google Patents

Description

No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

' E. A. EDWARDS;

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

No. 275,170. Patented Apr.3, 1883..

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. E. A. EDWARDS.

- ELEGTRIG ARG LAMP. N0. 275,170. Patented Apr.-3, 1883.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDGAR A. EDWARDS, 0F CINCINNATI, ASSIGNOR TO U. M. "iOT-TSCHALL, TRUSTEE, OF DAYTON, CHIC.

- ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 275,170, dated April 3, 1883.

Application filed October 17, 1882.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDGAR A. EDWARDS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Lights, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in electric-light regulators, or mechanism for the adjustment of carbons in electric lamps of the arc type, and particularly to thatclass of lamps in which two or more sets of carbons are successively burned, so that the length of time that alamp will work without renewing the carbons is multiplied by the number of sets of carbons employed. This is effected by having strong operating electro-magnets actuating separate and independent mechanisms for adjusting each respective carbon-rod. The connections are made so that the several sets of carbons are placed in multiple arc.

The various features of my invention willbe fully set forth in the following description of the accompanying drawings, of which Figure l is a broken perspective with one pair of helices removed; Fig. 2, an elevation of the lamp with the case in section, showing the mechanism of one side, the mechanism of the other side being exactly similar; Fig. 3, a sectional plan on line :0 m, Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a detail view of the lower yoke; Fig. 5, a section of the core of one of the magnets. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the carbonrod clutch. Fig. 7 is a perspective in broken section, showing connection 0t pendulous armature to polar yoke of magnets.

I have shown my lamp with two sets of carbon-rods and their respective adjusting mechanisms, each of which mechanisms is a duplicate of the other.

I do not limit the application of my invention to two sets of adjusting mechanisms, as any desired number may be employed.

The letters indicating the various parts which are duplicated are marked with a prime to indicate the duplicate upon the opposite side.

A represents a metal case; B B, helices ot' the principle magnet.

13 and 13' represent the helices oi the shunt-magnet; 00, maximum magneticyokes.

(Xe model.)

Each of these yokcs is provided with downwardly-projecting lugs dd, forming maximum polar points for magnetically charging the pendulous armatures E, which are suspended by flexible metallic strips or pivotal bearings.

In order to prevent a tendency to attract the armature from its vertical line of movement, I provide two lugs, (Z d, mentioned above, one upon each side of the armature.

F F represent arms secured rigidly to their respective armatures and projecting outwardly over the carbon-rods.

G- represents a connecting-rod attached at one end to crank-arm F, either by ilexible spring or pivot, and connected at the other end with the lever H, which carries theclutch h, (see Fi 6,) to operate the carbon-rod J. This connection is made by means of a stirrup or other jointed connection, which allows the requisite pitman movement. The clutch It is similarin construction to the clutch described in my application for patent forelectric light, tiled simultaneously with the present application. it is a three-point clutch embracingthe carbon-rod J, as shown. \Vhen the lever H rises, the clutch is elevated at one side, and the carbon-rod is cramped between its points and lifted; but when the lever descends, the clutch slips on the rod.

represents a dash-pot [Hunger-rod, rigidly secured to rod G and operating in dash-pot l.

c represents a maximum polar point on the bottom yoke. This polar point is placed in such relation to the pendulous armature E that the latter ill, when attracted, swing freely over it.

3 represents a retractile spring, one end of which is attached to the armature, the other end of which is attached to the case A, which is provided with the usual means for regulating its tension.

M represents the tubular core of the magnets, through which pass the carbon-rods J, which should be made of brass or other nonmagueticmaterial. Thisarrangementismade for the purpose of economizing space in the lamp-case.

The principal and shunt magnets are so woundandconnected astoinducetheiropposite magnetismsinto thesameyoke,viz.: Iftheprincipal magnet coils should induce positive mag IOL netism in the top yoke and negative magnetism in the bottom, the shunt-magnet will induce its negative magnetism in the top yoke and its positive magnetism in the bottom yoke.

The operation of my lamp is as follows, the drawings representing the parts in the positions they occupy before the current is passed through the lamp: When the current is sent through the lamp the attraction of both the armatures toward their respective lugs c c is the same; but, owing to the slightly greater resistance of the retractile spring .5, armature E will move toward the upwardly-projecting lug c after the other, thus elevating the end of arm F and carrying upward the link-andclutch mechanism, thus causing the clutch to engage with the carbon-rod, causing it, with its carbon, to move upward, thus effecting the initial separation of one pair of carbons. The relative retractile-spring adjustments of the two mechanisms are such that one armaturesay E-begins to move toward polar point 0, thereby elevating end of arm F and raising the rod-and-clutch mechanism G H before the other armature will have moved, in which case the longest initial separation takes place between the pair of carbons the upper one of which is carried by the rod J. Now, since the current is divided, passing through the two pairs of carbons, the are will break, or the current will cease to flow between the pair sustaining the longest separation, thus throwing the whole of the current between the second pair of carbons and maintaining the are. On the lengthening of the are by disintegration of the carbon, thus causing a neutralization of the magnetism by reason of the greater excitation of helices B B, the armature E, with its connecting mechanism, clutch, and rod, will be the first to be afi'ected. Armature E does not move toward its first position until armature E shall have partly returned to its first position and caused the feeding of its carbon-rod by the tripping of clutch-lever H on the floor of case A. The result is that the carbon connected with rod J will be wholly consumed, and projection L on the top of rod J will rest on the bearing K and stop its downward movement, when, owing to the considerable length of arc resulting, so much current is shunted through the differential helices B B thata total magnetic neutralization takes place, so that the weaker retractile spring, .9, draws armature E sot'artoward itsfirst position that the clutch connected with rod J is tripped, slides through, and its carbon makes contact with its lower carbon, establishing an arc of lower resistance than that between carbon 0 of rod J and carbon 0, when the are between carbons U 0 is instantly broken.

It is evident that should the downward move ment of the upper one of the last separated pair of carbons be stopped from any cause its are will be broken and the second pair of car lamp over those forms in which one set of mechanism actuates both sets of carbons, as in that case if the mechanism becomes deranged itaft'ects both sets of carbons and the lightis extinguished, whereas in my improved device each carbon-rod has separate and independent mechanism, and should one set become broken or disarranged the other carbon-rod is not atfooted.

It is evident that the magnets, armatures, clutch mechanism, and carbon-holders might be duplicated in the same case, so as to form a series of more than two carbons, each armature having a different retractilc-spring adjustment.

I claim 1. In an electric lamp, the combination ot'a series of sets of carbons connected in multiplearc circuit, differential e1ectro-m agnets, and two or more armatures, each operating independent carbon-regulating devices, and each ot'said armatures having a different relative retractile adjustment,substantially as described.

2. In an electric lamp, the combination ofa series of sets of carbons connected in multiplearccircuit,ditterentialelectro-magnets,and two or more armatures, each operating independent carbon-adjusting mechanism actuated by said electro-magnets and relatively adjusted to each other, so as to produce successive carbon separation, substantially as described.

3. In an electric-arc lamp designed to oper ate two or more sets of carbons, the shunt electro-magnet having helices B 13, con nected in derivation of the arc and principal electro-magnets, having yokes G O, in com bination with the vertical horizontally-moving armatures E E, having arms F F, links G G, and clutch-levers H H, arranged to operate the carbon-rods J J, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with the independentlymovable armatures, separate carbon -lii'ting devices, and single electro magnet, of the springs s 8, arranged to retract said armatures, respectively, with different degrees 01' EDGAR A. EDWARDS.

Witnesses:

5110. E. J ONES, ADOLPH GLUcHowsKY.

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