US2741569A - Heat carbonizable embroidery crinoline and method of making the same - Google Patents
Heat carbonizable embroidery crinoline and method of making the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2741569A US2741569A US320613A US32061352A US2741569A US 2741569 A US2741569 A US 2741569A US 320613 A US320613 A US 320613A US 32061352 A US32061352 A US 32061352A US 2741569 A US2741569 A US 2741569A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alkaline
- acid
- retarder
- fabric
- crinoline
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 30
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940099112 cornstarch Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGDITNMASUZKPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.Cl[Al](Cl)Cl JGDITNMASUZKPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229940040526 anhydrous sodium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJDGTGGQXAAVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methyl-1-(6-methylheptoxy)heptane Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOCCCCCC(C)C JJDGTGGQXAAVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical class CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical class OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009956 embroidering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06Q—DECORATING TEXTILES
- D06Q1/00—Decorating textiles
- D06Q1/02—Producing patterns by locally destroying or modifying the fibres of a web by chemical actions, e.g. making translucent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
- Y10T442/102—Woven scrim
- Y10T442/172—Coated or impregnated
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2361—Coating or impregnation improves stiffness of the fabric other than specified as a size
Definitions
- Embroidery crinoline is usually prepared by impregnating a starched, openmesh, cotton fabric with dilute sulfuric acid.
- the acid-impregnated fabric is so susceptible to destruction by heat that continuous drying is not feasible unless done at .uneconomically low temperatures and speeds.
- .Even at ordinary room temperatures the embroidery crinoline so prepared deteriorates so rapidly that in as short a time as 24 hours it may .be too weak for use. .Because of the impediments to continuousprocessing-and the very short shelf life of theproduct, the trade h'as beengenerally forced toprepare its own embroidery crinoline.
- a further object of this invention isto supply a'me'tho'd of, preparing embroidery crinoline which makes possible rapid commercial drying.
- My invention involves the treatment of a cellulose fabric withan acid-forming salt selected from the group consisting or aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, and mixtures thereof; an alkaline retarder; and astitieningagent; the acid-for-ming salt being substantially in excess of the alkaline retarder 'on an equivalent weight basis.
- alkaline retarder is defined as any potentially alkaline substance, such as the salt of a strong base and a weak acid, or a water insoluble inorganic base, which will neutralize free acid but not interact 'with the acid-forming salt to any appreciable extent at ordinary temperatures and humidities.
- alkaline retarders which may be used are sodium and potassium salts of acetic, carbonic, and boric acid and iron and zinc hydroxides.
- any of the common rigidizing substances may be employed such as, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, sodium alginate, and carboxymethyl cellulose.
- the concentration of the acid-forming salt must be sufiiciently in excess of the concentration of the alkaline retarder to readily carbonize the cellulose fabric during the post-embroidery heat treatment. For reasons of economy I prefer to employ relatively low concentrations of both the acid-forming salt and the alkaline retarder. l have found that the weight-equivalent percentage excess of acid-forming salt should be within the range of 0.01%
- the weight-equivalent percentage excess may be calculated by subtracting the number of pound equivalents of alkaline retarder from the number of pound-equivalents of acid-forming salt and dividing this result by the weight in pounds of the stiffened fabric, and multiplying by 100.
- the weight-equivalent percentage of alkaline retarder, based on the stiffened fabric, should be atleast 0.001%, and the ratioon an equivalent weight basis, of acid-forming salt to alkaline retarder preferably between S to 1 and 10 to 1.
- the acid-forming salt to the fabric/in the final padding step :sothat the salt will be present in the fabric during only one drying operation. It is also highly desirable that the alkaline retarder be applied .to the fabric prior to, or simultaneously with, the acid-forming salt' because of the protection to sthe fabric afforded bythe retarder during the drying. In any event, it is preferable to dry the acid-salt treated fabric at temperatures below 200 F., and in-the absence-of alkaline retarder, below F. In both cases care should be taken to avoid o'verdrying. As "illustrative of my invention, but not in limitation thereof, the following examples are given.
- Example I 28 x 24 bleached cotton gauze was passed through a two-dip starch pad containing the following formulations:
- Example 2 32 x 28 bleached cotton gauze was passed through a single dip starch pad containing the following formula tion:
- Example 3 The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the acid-forming salt solution consisted of:
- Example 4 28 x 24 unbleached cotton gauze was treated according to the procedure of Example 1 except that the following was substituted for the first pad formulation:
- the acid-forming salts of my invention unlike free acids and most acid-forming substances, can be used in concentrations effective to carbonize the cellulose at elevated temperatures without evolving free acid at ordinary temperatures in excess of that amount which can be absorbed or neutralized by the alkaline retarder. Regardless of the correctness of this theory, I have found that the alkaline retarder does serve to protect the fabric from premature degradation, both during the drying operation or operations in the preparation of my specially treated materials and during storage of the finished products before use.
- the description of the embroidery crinoline as normally stable is intended to mean that the crinoline has a shelf-life of at least one month at ordinary temperatures and humidities.
- a normally stable yet readily heat-carbonizable embroidery crinoline comprising a cellulosic fabric impregnated with a textile stiffening agent for said fabric, an alkaline retarder selected from the group consisting of water insoluble inorganic bases and water soluble salts of weak acids and strong bases, the alkaline retarder having the characteristics of being able to neutralize free acid and not interact with acid-forming salt to any appreciable extent at ordinary temperatures and humidities, the weight equivalent percent of said alkaline retarder being between 0.001 and 0.143% based on the weight of said stiffened fabric, and an acid-forming salt selected from the group consisting of aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate and mixtures thereof, the weight equivalent percent excess of said acid salt over said alkaline retarder being between 0.01% and 0.4% based on the weight of the stiffened fabric.
- a process for preparing a normally stable yet readily heat-carbonizable embroidery crinoline which comprises applying to a cellulose fabric from at least one aqueous solution a textile stiffening agent for said fabric, an alkaline retarder selected from the group consisting of water insoluble inorganic bases and water soluble salts of weak acids and strong bases, the alkaline retarder having the characteristic of being able to neutralize free acid while not interacting with acid-forming salt to any appreciable extent at ordinary temperatures and humidities, and an acid-forming salt selected from the group consisting of aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate and mixtures thereof, and drying said fabric after each application of solution, the alkaline retarder being present in an amount such that the equivalent weight percent of said alkaline retarder is between 0.001% and 0.143% based on the weight of the stiifened fabric and the weight equivalent percent excess of acid-forming salt over said alkaline retarder being between 0.01% and 0.4% based on the weight of the stiffened fabric.
- an alkaline retarder selected from
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
United St tes PatentO 2,741,569 HEAT CARBONIZABLE El't/IBROIDERY CRINOLINE AND METHOD OF MAKING T SAME Ralph E. Stanford, West Medway, Mass., assignor to The Kendall Company, Boston, Mass, a corporation of Massachusetts N Drawing. Application November 14, 1952, Serial No. 320,613
7 Claims. (Cl. 117-143) This application relates to normally stable, yet readily heae'car'bonizable, cellulosic fabrics and methods of making the same, more particularly to so-called embroidery crinoline. Su'ch crinoline is pinned to sleazy fabrics, such as lightweight silks and rayons as a temporary support to enable the fabrics to be maneuvered readily under a stitching needle. After the embroidery is completed, the assembly is heated in an oven or with aflat iron to carbonize the crinoline to the extent that light brushing will sufiice to remove it from the embroidered fabric. Obviously the crinoline must carbonize and crumblerat a temperature which will not cause any appreciable damage to the embroidered fabric.
Embroidery crinoline is usually prepared by impregnating a starched, openmesh, cotton fabric with dilute sulfuric acid. The acid-impregnated fabric is so susceptible to destruction by heat that continuous drying is not feasible unless done at .uneconomically low temperatures and speeds. .Even at ordinary room temperatures the embroidery crinoline so prepared deteriorates so rapidly that in as short a time as 24 hours it may .be too weak for use. .Because of the impediments to continuousprocessing-and the very short shelf life of theproduct, the trade h'as beengenerally forced toprepare its own embroidery crinoline. Not only is the small-batch method tineconoiiiical and cumbersome for the embroiderenbut it is also highly wasteful of his time and materials. if he'has prepared too much crinoline for the da s business, he must throw"it away,because it will be too weak for use on the following day; If hehas pr'epared roe 1iitle,he must hold 'uphis "embroider work until additional crinolinefhas been prepared.
"It is the primar object o'f'this; invention to provide an embroidery "cri'noline which is highly resistant to deterioration fo'r long periods or time at 'or'dinary temperatu'res, yet readily "carbohiiable at moderately elevated temperatures, such as are used in'the embroidery frade.
A further object of this invention isto supply a'me'tho'd of, preparing embroidery crinoline which makes possible rapid commercial drying.
Despite the di'fiiculties apparent in fulfilling these seemingly conflicting requirements, "I have discovered and provided for the the first time inthea'rt'an "embroidery crinoline with a sheli life of at least'four months yet readily catbonizable-by the usual post-embroidering heat treatments. My invention involves the treatment of a cellulose fabric withan acid-forming salt selected from the group consisting or aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, and mixtures thereof; an alkaline retarder; and astitieningagent; the acid-for-ming salt being substantially in excess of the alkaline retarder 'on an equivalent weight basis.
":By the :te'rm cellulose I mean to include natural 2,741,569 Patented Apr. 10, 1956 2 erated cellulose, whether 'of the viscose of c'upra'inrnonium type. k
For the purposes of this application, alkaline retarder is defined as any potentially alkaline substance, such as the salt of a strong base and a weak acid, or a water insoluble inorganic base, which will neutralize free acid but not interact 'with the acid-forming salt to any appreciable extent at ordinary temperatures and humidities. Typical of the wide variety of alkaline retarders which may be used are sodium and potassium salts of acetic, carbonic, and boric acid and iron and zinc hydroxides.
I normally use starch as the stiffening agent for my embroidery crinoline because it is cheap and readily available, but any of the common rigidizing substances may be employed such as, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, sodium alginate, and carboxymethyl cellulose.
The concentration of the acid-forming salt must be sufiiciently in excess of the concentration of the alkaline retarder to readily carbonize the cellulose fabric during the post-embroidery heat treatment. For reasons of economy I prefer to employ relatively low concentrations of both the acid-forming salt and the alkaline retarder. l have found that the weight-equivalent percentage excess of acid-forming salt should be within the range of 0.01%
, to 0.4% based on the air-dry weight of fabric plus stiffencellulose "such as cotton, linen, and estate, and regent ing agent and preferably between 0.03% and 0.1%. The weight-equivalent percentage excess may be calculated by subtracting the number of pound equivalents of alkaline retarder from the number of pound-equivalents of acid-forming salt and dividing this result by the weight in pounds of the stiffened fabric, and multiplying by 100. The weight-equivalent percentage of alkaline retarder, based on the stiffened fabric, should be atleast 0.001%, and the ratioon an equivalent weight basis, of acid-forming salt to alkaline retarder preferably between S to 1 and 10 to 1.
with a solution of the acid-forming salt, squeezed to femove excess ,impregnant and dried. While, in general, the order of applying the ingredients may .be varied and any combination of the ingredients applied simultaneously, the following considerations should be taken into account. Ingredients which are incompatible in the same solution should obviously be separately applied :to the fabric. The separate application of the acid-forming salt and the stiffening agent is desirable for the dude pendent reason thatit is commercially convenient to dry fabrics impregnated with aqueous stifi'ening solutions at relatively high temperatures. It the acid-forming salt is present in the fabric at this stage, there issome danger that the fabric may becomeprematurely degraded. To avoid this same danger'I prefer to apply the acid-forming salt to the fabric/in the final padding step :sothat the salt will be present in the fabric during only one drying operation. It is also highly desirable that the alkaline retarder be applied .to the fabric prior to, or simultaneously with, the acid-forming salt' because of the protection to sthe fabric afforded bythe retarder during the drying. In any event, it is preferable to dry the acid-salt treated fabric at temperatures below 200 F., and in-the absence-of alkaline retarder, below F. In both cases care should be taken to avoid o'verdrying. As "illustrative of my invention, but not in limitation thereof, the following examples are given.
Example I 28 x 24 bleached cotton gauze was passed through a two-dip starch pad containing the following formulations:
Second pad:
40 gals. starch solution prepared by boiling a mixture of 94 lbs. thin-boiling starch and 17 gals. water 1.52 lbs. anhydrous sodium acetate After drying, the treated fabric was padded with the 7 following solution:
60 lbs. aluminum chloride (aqueous solution-S% AlCl3-6H2O) 55 gals. water 350 grams Triton X-100, a non-ionic wetting agent distributed by Rohm & Haas Company. and stated to be the iso-octyl ether of polyethylene glycol.
Example 2 32 x 28 bleached cotton gauze was passed through a single dip starch pad containing the following formula tion:
36 gallons starch solution prepared by boiling a mixture of pounds cornstarch, pounds thin-boiling starch and 17 gallons water.
0.87 pound anhydrous potassium acetate After drying, the treated fabric was padded with the following solution:
91.5 poundsaluminum sulfate-Al2(SO4)a18H2O 55 gallons water 350 grams non-ionic wetting agent The squeezed impregnated fabric was dried as in Example 1. The weight-equivalent percentages of acidforming salt and alkaline retarder were 0.1050% and 0.0080%, respectively, representing an acid-forming salt excess of 0.097%.
Example 3 The procedure of Example 1 was followed except that the acid-forming salt solution consisted of:
38 lbs. aluminum chloride (aqueous solution-40% AlCl3-6H2O) 54 lbs. aluminum sulfate--Alz(SO4)a-18H2O 55 gals. water The weight-equivalent percentages of acid-forming salt and alkaline retarder were 0.0685% and 0.0077%, respectively, representing an acid-forming salt excess of 0.0608%.
4' Example 4 28 x 24 unbleached cotton gauze was treated according to the procedure of Example 1 except that the following was substituted for the first pad formulation:
First pad:
32 gals. starch solution prepared by boiling a mixture of 10 lbs. cornstarch, lbs. thin-boiling starch and 17 gals. water 1.29 lbs. anhydrous sodium acetate Example 5 32 x 28 bleached cotton gauze was padded with a starch solution consisting of:
25 lbs. cornstarch 25 lbs. thin-boiling starch 5.8 lbs. sodium acetate 12.0 gals. water After drying the treated fabric was impregnated with the following solution:
34.6 lbs. aluminum chloride (aqueous solution-50% AlCls-6H2O) 95.4 lbs. aluminum sulfateAl2(SO4)3l8H2O 18 gals. Water The fabric was dried as in Example 1. The weight equivalent percentages of acid-forming salt and alkaline retarder were 532% and .143%, representing an acidforming salt excess of 389%.
In my treated materials, in addition to the applied ingredients, there is necessarily present some water in the form of moisture regain of the cellulose and as water of hydration of some or all of the other ingredients. I am not aware of the precise chemical state of the various constituents in my treated cellulose materials nor the exact manner in which these constituents interact at elevated temperatures. Although my invention is not dependent upon any particular theory of operation, the most plausible explanation of the remarkable performance of my novel materials is that any free acid evolved by the acid-forming salt prior to the intentional carbonization of the yarns or fabric is absorbed by the alkaline retarder. It is believed that the acid-forming salts of my invention, unlike free acids and most acid-forming substances, can be used in concentrations effective to carbonize the cellulose at elevated temperatures without evolving free acid at ordinary temperatures in excess of that amount which can be absorbed or neutralized by the alkaline retarder. Regardless of the correctness of this theory, I have found that the alkaline retarder does serve to protect the fabric from premature degradation, both during the drying operation or operations in the preparation of my specially treated materials and during storage of the finished products before use.
In the appended claims, the description of the embroidery crinoline as normally stable is intended to mean that the crinoline has a shelf-life of at least one month at ordinary temperatures and humidities.
I claim:
1. As a new article of manufacture, a normally stable yet readily heat-carbonizable embroidery crinoline comprising a cellulosic fabric impregnated with a textile stiffening agent for said fabric, an alkaline retarder selected from the group consisting of water insoluble inorganic bases and water soluble salts of weak acids and strong bases, the alkaline retarder having the characteristics of being able to neutralize free acid and not interact with acid-forming salt to any appreciable extent at ordinary temperatures and humidities, the weight equivalent percent of said alkaline retarder being between 0.001 and 0.143% based on the weight of said stiffened fabric, and an acid-forming salt selected from the group consisting of aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate and mixtures thereof, the weight equivalent percent excess of said acid salt over said alkaline retarder being between 0.01% and 0.4% based on the weight of the stiffened fabric.
2. The embroidery crinoline according to claim 1 in which the ratio of acid-forming salt to alkaline retarder is between 5 to 1 and 10 to 1 on an equivalent weight basis.
3. The embroidery crinoline according to claim 1 in which the alkaline retarder is sodium acetate.
4. The embroidery crinoline according to claim 1 in which the cellulose fabric comprises cotton.
5. A process for preparing a normally stable yet readily heat-carbonizable embroidery crinoline which comprises applying to a cellulose fabric from at least one aqueous solution a textile stiffening agent for said fabric, an alkaline retarder selected from the group consisting of water insoluble inorganic bases and water soluble salts of weak acids and strong bases, the alkaline retarder having the characteristic of being able to neutralize free acid while not interacting with acid-forming salt to any appreciable extent at ordinary temperatures and humidities, and an acid-forming salt selected from the group consisting of aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate and mixtures thereof, and drying said fabric after each application of solution, the alkaline retarder being present in an amount such that the equivalent weight percent of said alkaline retarder is between 0.001% and 0.143% based on the weight of the stiifened fabric and the weight equivalent percent excess of acid-forming salt over said alkaline retarder being between 0.01% and 0.4% based on the weight of the stiffened fabric.
6. The process according to claim .5 in which the drying is performed at a temperature in excess of 150 F. 7. The process of preparing a normally stable yet readi- 1y heat-carbonizable embroidery crinoline which comprises applying to a cellulosic fabric a textile stiffening agent for said fabric and an aqueous solution of an alkaline retarder said alkaline retarder being selected from the group consisting of water insoluble inorganic bases and water soluble salts of strong bases and weak acids, the alkaline retarder having the characteristic of being able to neutralfree acid while not interacting with acid-forming salt to any appreciable extent at ordinary temperatures and humidities, said alkaline retarder being in an amount between 0.001% and 0.143% based on the Weight of the stiffened fabric, drying said fabric, applying to said fabric an aqueous solution of anacicl-forming salt selected from the group consisting of aluminum chloride, aluminum su1- fate and mixtures thereof, in an amount sufiicient to deposit a weight equivalent percent excess of acid-forming salt over alkaline retarder of between 0.01% and 0.4%, and drying said fabric.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 917,402 Bauer Apr. 9, 1909 1,425,520 Giesler Aug. 15, 1922 1,513,370 Cadgene Oct. 28, 1924
Claims (1)
1. AS A NEW ARTICLE OF MANUFACTURE, A NORMALLY STABLE YET READILY HEAT-CARBONIZABLE EMBROIDERY CRINOLINE COMPRISING A CELLULOSIC FABRIC IMPREGNATED WITH A TEXTILE STIFFENING AGENT FOR SAID FABRIC, AND ALKALINE RETARDER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF WATER INSOLUBLE INORGANIC BASES AND WATER SOLUBLE SALTS OF WEAK ACIDS AND STRONG BASES, THE ALKALINE RETARDER HAVING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BEING ABLE TO NEUTRALIZE FREE ACID AND NOT INTERACT WITH ACID-FORMING SALT TO ANY APPRECIABLE EXTENT AT ORDINARY TEMPERATURES AND HUMIDITIES, THE WEIGHT EQUIVALENT PERCENT OF SAID ALKALINE RETARDER EBING BETWEEN 0.001 AND 0.143% BASED ON THE WEIGHT OF SAID STIFFENED FABRIC, AND AN ACID-FORMING SALT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALUMINUM CHLORIDE, ALUMINUM SULFATE AND MIXTURES THEREOF, THE WEIGHT EQUIVALENT PERCENT EXCESS OF SAID ACID SALT OVER SAID ALKALINE RETARDER BEING BETWEEN 0.01% AND 0.4% BASED ON THE WEIGHT OF THE STIFFENED FARBIC.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US320613A US2741569A (en) | 1952-11-14 | 1952-11-14 | Heat carbonizable embroidery crinoline and method of making the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US320613A US2741569A (en) | 1952-11-14 | 1952-11-14 | Heat carbonizable embroidery crinoline and method of making the same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2741569A true US2741569A (en) | 1956-04-10 |
Family
ID=23247178
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US320613A Expired - Lifetime US2741569A (en) | 1952-11-14 | 1952-11-14 | Heat carbonizable embroidery crinoline and method of making the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2741569A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3242000A (en) * | 1963-08-30 | 1966-03-22 | Deering Milliken Res Corp | Impregnated carbonized acrylic textile product and method for producing same |
| US4071387A (en) * | 1974-09-19 | 1978-01-31 | Jacob Schlaepfer & Co. A.G. | Decoration of sheet materials |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US917402A (en) * | 1908-10-07 | 1909-04-06 | Rudolf Schiller | Corrodible groundwork for lace. |
| US1425520A (en) * | 1914-11-10 | 1922-08-15 | Heberlein & Co Ag | Process for producing patterned textile fabrics and the resulting product |
| US1513370A (en) * | 1924-02-15 | 1924-10-28 | Cadgene | Soda-print process |
-
1952
- 1952-11-14 US US320613A patent/US2741569A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US917402A (en) * | 1908-10-07 | 1909-04-06 | Rudolf Schiller | Corrodible groundwork for lace. |
| US1425520A (en) * | 1914-11-10 | 1922-08-15 | Heberlein & Co Ag | Process for producing patterned textile fabrics and the resulting product |
| US1513370A (en) * | 1924-02-15 | 1924-10-28 | Cadgene | Soda-print process |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3242000A (en) * | 1963-08-30 | 1966-03-22 | Deering Milliken Res Corp | Impregnated carbonized acrylic textile product and method for producing same |
| US4071387A (en) * | 1974-09-19 | 1978-01-31 | Jacob Schlaepfer & Co. A.G. | Decoration of sheet materials |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4448841A (en) | Flame retardant compositions for textiles and treated textiles | |
| GB634690A (en) | Improvements in and relating to the treatment of textile yarns and fabrics | |
| US2771379A (en) | Stabilized-flameproofed fabric and method | |
| US2741569A (en) | Heat carbonizable embroidery crinoline and method of making the same | |
| US2071419A (en) | Treatment of textile material | |
| US2381852A (en) | Treatment of textiles | |
| GB689102A (en) | Imparting crease-resistance and shrinkage control to cellulosic textile materials | |
| US2281646A (en) | Method of making stiffened fabrics | |
| US2282181A (en) | Antiseptic fabric | |
| US2036424A (en) | Impregnation of cotton materials | |
| US2036854A (en) | Fireproofing textile material | |
| US2483008A (en) | Proofing proteinaceous fibers against biological attack | |
| JPH0375663B2 (en) | ||
| US3084072A (en) | Dimensional stabilization of cellulose materials | |
| US2390391A (en) | Iodization of textile fabrics | |
| US1942061A (en) | Wound treating material | |
| US2416151A (en) | Production of cellulosic materials with improved crease-resisting properties | |
| US2187563A (en) | Article of manufacture | |
| US2326121A (en) | Preparation of composite fabric | |
| US2521328A (en) | Stabilizing cellulosic textile materials against shrinkage employing glyoxal and a metal silicofluoride as a catalyst | |
| US2224994A (en) | Process of producing laundry articles | |
| GB1035389A (en) | A process for treating cellulosic fibres | |
| US2668780A (en) | Method for rendering cellulosic materials fire resistant | |
| GB776398A (en) | Process for improving the surface properties of textile fibres and plastic foils | |
| GB509408A (en) | Improvements in or relating to the dyeing of cellulose or cellulose derivative textile materials |