US263840A - Vapor-burner - Google Patents

Description

u e 8 h s u e e h s 2 N. E D L E B S E n. d O M 0 m VAPOR BURNER.

Patented Sept. -5, 1882.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. S. HELDEN.

VAPOR BURNER.

(No Model.)

Patented Sept. 5, 1882..

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N. PETERS. maio-Lilhagrapmr. washington.' D. C.

j UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY S. BELDEN, OF CANTON, OHIO.-A

VAPOR-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 263,840, dated September 5, 1882.

Application filed April 10, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: .y Be it known that I, HENRY S. BELDEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Canton, in the county of Stark and State ot Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vapor-Burners, of which the following isa specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings. p

Heretofore vapor-burners have been made in one or the other of two ways. First, they have been made with a retort in which the oil is vaporized, a chamber in which the vapor escaping from the retort is mixed withA air, (there being large orifices for the entrance of the air,) and a burner provided with an elongated slot or escape-orifice similar to that in ordinary gashurners, these being known as mixing-cham'- ber burners.7 From the elongated slot the mingled air and vapor escape under pressure, and this pressure causes the vapor and air to spread through the slot to form the illuminatin g-llaine. The burners of the other class are those having a retort in which the oil is vaporized, a small needle-orili'ce inthe wall of the retort through which the vapor directly escapes into the open air, and a curved plate having a part lying across the path of the jet that escapes from the needle-orifice, so that the jet is caused to impiego upon said plate, which, spreads it into the proper shape for the illuminating-flame, these being known as plate v'apor-burners.77 These have no mixing-chamber for minglingthe air with the vapor before it escapes from the illuminating-orifice, and therefore, if the spreading-plate were not used, a small cylindrical and practically useless jet t would be produced; and, on the other hand,

if, instead ot' the needle-orifice, the elongated slot of the mixing-chamber burner were used, there would result such a decrease of pressure that the jet could not be properly spread oroxidized. The `mixing-chamber burners are the more difficult to make, and' consequently necessitate greater expense than is desirable in the ordinary burner used in street-lighting, Src., and therefore for such purposes they have been largely superseded by the plate burners. These plate burners, however, I have found to be very inferior, from the fact that as ordinarily constructed it has been impossible to get sufticient heat in the retort to thoroughly vaporize the oil, the spreading-plates having been heretofore relied on entirely to carry heat back to the retort from the illuminating-dame. These plates for some purposes must be made separate] y from the retort, and for some purposes must. be supported entirely. independently thereof, and when thus made and supported it is impossible to obtain the requisite heat in the manner heretofore followed in using plate burners.

This invention relates to vapor-burners of the kind known as plate burners7-that is to say, those in which a plate of metal is used to spread out the jet of vapor or gas generated by the device, the plate being so arranged that thejet impinges upon it at a suitable point.

. Figure l is a vertical section of a burner embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a section of a burner having the plate connected to the vaporizing-chamber. Fig. 3 is a front view of the burner shown in Fig. Q-that is, a view taken from the concave side of the plate. Fig. et is a side elevation ot' a burner having a inoditied form ot' the device which I term a sub-heater. Fig. 5 is a front or side view,

showing another method of attaching the feed- I pipe and a modified form of the regulating device. Fig. 6 is a view from the side of the burner in Fig. 5, looking endwise of the feedpipe. Figs. 7 and 8 are vertical sections of other forms of the devices which deliver the main jet. Figs. 9 and 10 show other forms of supplemental heating devices. Fig. ll shows a burner having a heating-orice formed in the spreading-plate without any regulating-valve for said orifice. Fig. l2 is a .top plan view of the burner in Fig. 2.

In the drawings, I have shown, at A, a portion of a feed-pipe extending, by means of any suitable connections, to a reservoir. It is connected with theburner proper in any suitable. way, either by screw-threads, as shown, or by ground joint or brazing.

Theparts of the burner-proper consist of a spreader-plate, B, a supply-pipe, C, a projec' tion, D, to receive the jet-orilice, and an expanded part, I, immediately below the projection D, or between the sanne and the supplypipe G, a passa ge-way or conduit for a heating- ICO jet to be applied below the projection D, and

a socket, C', for receiving the end ot' the snpply-pipe A, and a device, E, which shields and guides the heating-jet. It will be seen that there is a passage, c, through the part C, whereby the vapor can pass into the upwardlyprojecting part D, from whence it escapes through the orice d. From this orifice it is thrown outward against the spreading and delecting plate B. While passing from the oriiice to the plate the vapor is mingled with a sufficient amount ot' air to permit combustion.

In the drawings I have shown several forms of burners in which my invention is embodied, though others will readily suggest themselves to those acquainted with the art.

In the construction shown in Fig. l a portion of the vapor, after it has escaped from the illuminating-orice, is conducted downward through a passage, F, from which it is carried backward toward the vaporizing-chamber. It escapes through an orifice, f, and is ignited to form a flame, which plays against the chamber and the under side ofthe upwardlyprojecting metal D. The spreading plate B is disconnected entirely from the vaporizing-chamber, and is mounted in such a manner as to be adinstable independently ot' said chamber and of the burner. The heating-flame, however, provided as above described enables me to heat the vaporizing chamber much more satisfactorily than it can be by conduction from the spreading-plate. yIn the other figures the subheater is shown combined with a spreaderplate having a metallic connection with'the vaporizingchamber in the ordinary manner, the heating-flame in Figs. 2, 6, 7, 8, l0, and 11 being obtained in substantially the same manner as is shown in Fig. l. When conducting the sub-heatingjet downward and inward in this manner I preler to have a knot of metal, G, carried by the spreading -plate B, and to .form a jet-oritice,f, therein, though, as will be readily understood, the plate may be merely thickened at that point, and a curved or other vpassage-way formed, which will accomplish the same purpose.

In the construction in Fig. 4 I have provided a sub-heater by means of a passage (shown in dotted lines at F) connecting directly with the interior passage, c, in the tube C. Through it a portion of the vapor can escape below the illuminating-jet orifice d, which can beignited for heating the adjacent metal parts to insure vaporization.

With the passage-way and oritice through which the heating-vapor is conveyed I prefer to combine a regulating-valve, which may be of any of thenow well-known forms. In Fig. l I have shown a needle valve having a threaded portion, h2, engaging with a thread and also adapted to regulate the .amount of `vapor which escapes at said orifice.

In the construct-ion shown in Fig. 4 I employ a-needle mounted in a suitable bearing formed in the piece of metal G, which, in this case, is situated lower than the plate B, and is supported by means ot' the part E, to be hereinafter more specifically described. The point h of the needle enters the heating-oriiice F from the outside, but can be employed in substantially the same manner as is the ncedle shown in Fig. 1, so far as the heating-jet is concerned. v

It will be readily understood that the heating orifice or passage maybe located in difterent positions, both in the device shown in Fig. l and in that shown in Fig. 4 without departing from the spirit of my invention. Thus the orifice F in Fig. 4 might be situated upon the opposite side ot' the pipe C and be regnlated by a screw having a bearing-piece projecting downwardly from the metal part above, as shown in Fig. 9, or likewise mounted upon either side ot' the tube at right angles to those above mentioned. When a heating-dame is thus arranged to bear against the metal parts the plate burner can be made much more efficient than can the similar burners heretofore used.

I am, of course, aware that vapor-burners of other classes than the one to which my invention pertains-that is to say, not plate burners, so called-have been constructed with illuminating-orilices and supplemental heatingjets; but with plate burners, especially those not having mixing-chambers, the principle of IOO construction has been such that the plate itselt a was, as has been said, relied on to convey sut'- ficient heat. This heat I have found to beinsufficient, and therefore I have been led to construct and arrange the parts of a plate burner so that I can assist the heat obtained `from the plate by Aa supplemental heating-jet.

When the supplemental heat is applied in the manner I have shown, I prefer to combine with the vaporiZing-chamber a shield or wing, I, extending more or less around the supplypipe and below the oritice projection D. It' desired, this shield or wing I may be connected with the spreading-plate by a narrow strip, as shown at I in Figs. 2 and 12, as in some cases there may result from this a better guiding ot' thejet of vapor from the illuminating-oritice. This illuminating-orifice may be lett permanently open, it' desired, as shown in Figs. (i and 7, or it may be closed by any ot' the wellknown valves. I have shown in Fig. 1 a needle-valve substantially similar to that shown at It' h2, having a threaded part, j, and a needle-valve point, j'. The bearing for the valve can be formed in the piece of upwardly-pro- IIO IIS

jecting metal D, a hole being drilled from the Instead of the needle valve Jjj", a permanent` fastening device, J', (shown in Fig. 6,)

may be used to close the apertureleft by drilling, and aregulating device may he combined with the supply-pipe, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, if preferred.

Instead of having the'upwardly-projecting part. D stationary it may be made removable, as shown in Fig. 7. In this -case the vaporpassage is drilled lirstlongitudinally and then laterally in this part D, the jet-orifice d beingr related to the deflecting-plate substantially as itis in the construction shown in Fig. 1.

Under some circumstances it will be preferable to connect the supply-pipe A with the feed-pipe or vaporizing portion C laterally. rIhis may be done by forming a socket, C', on the side of the part G, as is shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

I ain laware that curved deiiecting and spreading plates have for a long time been used in connection `with retorts for vaporburners, and I do not claim, broadly, as my invention such plates or the burners provided therewith. l

I am also aware of the fact that mixingchamber burners havebeeu constructed to have an illuminating jet and ame and a heating jet and flame other than those for illuminating, and Ido notclaim such devices as my invention; but I believe myself to have been the first to have arranged in the path of the illuminating-jet a plate which receives the vapor directly from 'the retort through a needleorifice, which spreads the illuminating-dame, and which conducts heat back `therefrom to the retort or oil-conduit, in combination with devices to withdraw a portion ofthe vapor, in order to provide a ame other than the illuminating-flame for making asupplemental heatthat is, a heat additional to that obtained by the backward conduction of the plate.l In the mixing-chamber burners there are no parts equivalent to the spreading-plate of the plate burners, the spreading of the flame with the mixing-chamber burners `being produced in entirely another manner, which does not permit of the backward conduction of heat from the fiume-spreading devices, as is done in my burner. If the'tlaine of a mining-chamber burner be caused to impinge upon a heat-conducting device after issuing from the spreading-slot the ame would be practically useless. Therefore this combination of the two means of heating is not practically possible with mixing-chamber burners. In the mixingchambers of such burners cross bars and plates have been arranged for the purpose of breaking up the jet of vapor and compelling it to mingle intimately with the air,`and also for intercepting a portion of said vapor and guiding it out from the mixing-chamber to a conduit for supplying a supplemental ame; but the cross bars orplates thus used do not perform the functions that are performed by the spreading and delecting plate in my construction, the peculiari province of which is to form the illuminating-flame, which is in no wise at'- fected by the cross bars or plates which have been usedin mixing chambers heretofore.

' I do not herein claim anything but what is specifically set forth in the following claims, reserving to myself the right to claim all other patentable subject-matter in another application which I am about to file.

I do not in this application claim the features shown in Fig. l pertaining to the separation of the spreader-plate from the vaporizing-chamber and mounting it adjustably, as I have made those features the subject-matter of another application.

What I claim is- 1. In avapor-burner, the combination of the following elements, substantially-as set forth, namely: a retort in which is generated the vapor unmiXed with air, a needle-orifice from which said unmixed vapor issues under pressure, a plate, B, across the path of the jet to spread theilluminating-liame and conduct hea-t back therefrom to the retort or oil-conduit, against which plate the jet impinges after reaching the open air, a passage-way through said plate at a point where the plate is struck by the jet of vapor, to conduct aportion of said jet through the plate to provide a heatingdame other than the illuminating-dame.

2. In a vapor-burner, the combination of the following elements, substantially as set forth,

namely: a retort in which is generated. vapor unniixed with air, a needle-orifice from which said unmixed vapor issues under pressure, a plate across the path of the jet to spread the illuminating-,flame and conduct heat back therefrom to the retort or oil-conduit, against which plate the jet impinges, a passage-way through the plate at a point where it is impinged upon by the jet, arranged to conduct a portion ot' the jet through the plate for providing a supplemental heating-dame, in combination with a regulating device supported by said plate to adjust aportion of thejet which passes through the passage-way in the spreading-plate. 1

3. A vapor-burner havin g a deiiecting-plate arranged to be impinged upon byand spread the illuminating-jet, a feed-pipe, two plates or wings extending laterally from the pipe, and

a heating-orifice arranged to direct a jet toward the vaporizing-chamber between the plates or wings, substantially as set forth.

4. A vapor-burner having a supply-tube, C, the detlecting-plate B, arrangedto change the path' of the illuminating-jet and spread it, the projecting part D at the end of the supplytube on the concave side of the plate, and a supplemental heatin g device arranged to throw a flame in proximity to said projecting part D, substantially as set forth.

5,. A vapor-burner having a supply-pipe, a deflecting-plate, the projection D, with the jetorifice therein, and the shieldE, all formed in one piece of metal, substantially as set forth.

IOO

IIO

6. -In :n vapor-burner, a, retort in which is generated vapor uninixed with air, a needleorifice from which said uninixed vapor issues under pressure, a conezwo-convex plate across the path of the jet to spread theilluininating flame, n passage-Way through said plate through which passes a portion ot' thejet from the concave side ot' the plate to the convex side, and means for conducting the Withdrawn portion of thejet back along said convex side I0 toward the vaporzing-chamber, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

. YHENRY S. BELDEN.

Witnesses:

H. H. BLIss, J. S. BARIUM@I

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