US2669184A - Oil burning apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 16, 1954 W. DE LANCEY OIL BURNING APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 31, 1949 INVENTOR. H Dela/7c W//%/ 1954 w. H. DE LANCEY ,669,184

on. BURNING APPARATUS Filed March 51. .1949

4 Sheets-Sheet 5 I27 I INVENTOR.

I warren /7 Oelancge Z I Patented Feb. 16, 1954 ED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

OI'LBUR'NING APPKR-ATUS Wan-en" Ht De: Isarncey, Springfield,, Mass. as;

signo'nto Afla-ntiu Development Gompamgl Inez, Springfield,, Massi a corporation of. Masseuchusettsr The: present inventionrelates t6 airi atemizing oil burning apparatus which are". sometimes: re; ferred '60- as love pressure type bur-11ers? Burners require primary" and seeondary" supplies of aii for facilitating the proper comhustionr o'f tiie7f1e'1; 9:11:1 they" are generaily adapted. to con:- slirrie 01'1 at a low'rate iii the amount-perhour, so that they'may beempleyeki with small sizheate'rs for'domestichouse andliot'water'fieetihg and the like. apparatus; When so employed? burnersof this type" usually cohsumesuhstantietlly less than ohefgeflbflpeffiotifl A primary 'oh'ject of-th'e present invent-ion is to providean improved oil burning-'epperatus of the above described type'whicli; although edept ed to utilize a nozzle with" at relatively l'ttrge orifice, is, at the" same tinfe;,.s" constructed" that it will efileien'tly' consume" fuel at albw rate" in the ameuntpenh'our;

provide ana-i'r atomizing type'burner'witw a fuel supply system which will require no vai'vemea-n's for. controlling the flo'w' o1" fuel from the" fuel bump to the burner: nozzle;

- A" still further object of' the: present invention to provide an oil Burning apparatus" of the abovedescrifiedtype Wh'i'chfi's soconstructed that it. will be most inexpensive; of" manufacture and upkeep.

Yet another objec'tiof the present invention is to. provide a burneror. the" above described type with. means. whereloy the". secondary new of" air wi11' be continued" lon'g aift'e'r tii'epriina'ry'air flow and the flow 013' fuel" to" the" nozzle He's" ceased; thereby to insure that" the: burner-blast" tube and the furnace its'elf willkieiproperly purged" of any andelfresidiialfuerfumes. s A With: tHeetb'ove. and other obi'ents'inview; as wi1'1 hereinafter appear, the invention comprises the-'devi'bes, combinations; and arrangements of parts hereinafter set forth and illustrated in the etc'compiatnyihg diaWingS 0E a-' preferred embodimerit oftfi'e' inventien; fromwfricittfieseverai feetures' of the invention and the advantages: at tented tfierebyw-ilb re'adii'y' 'be 'understoedlby"those skiiiedinthe a rt.

In the drawings,

Fig: 1 represents aiseetienetii eievetiunale view of a portion of an 011 Burning empavatusi embodying tfie present -ihventiem:

Figs2 repi'eseiitsg on ain enlarged scale an end; view ai -"am air and? tueirpumprunit, which? view is: taken: substantial alongctheumee 29% at Big. 1

Eigeerepresentsfw sectional vi'ewsof anfair valv in'g unit' whio'h is; takensubstantitflly aibngrli'ne 4!-4OfiFigL2.

Rig." S-represems' aa-tbp plbm view-of the ai'r'end fuel pumping". unit which; is di'selosecl in- Figs; 2 audit:-

Fig: 6* represents. a: sect'ibnal view takensubstantially; aiorrrthe 1ine6-6i ofFig: 32

Fig; 7 represents a se'ct'iohefl view taken substantiailyeiongthe line 1 1 ofi Fig. 32

Fig: 8 represents on err emerged scale; a sectiona view taken substantially aiorrg the-fiiIIGW-B of"Fi'g.-1

Fig; 9! represents; onan emerged scale, w free-- menterylbngitiudihelsectienei view oftheatbmizing'r nozzle e'mplbyed in" the present burner.

Fig: I0represents=a sectional View of the burner nozzle takem substentiell'y etlong the l'ihe" IU -l'fl Fig: 1'1 represents; on av small scale, at side elevationeIv-iew showing an oilburnerunitf which the present iiiventibnis'embodiedi Fig: 1 2 represents a sectional view" taken 51116- stentially ai'ohg the line" F2 l2 of Fiig. 1".

Fig. 13' represents a sectional view" t'ak'err substantially along the line If3--I3I ofF'ig. 1T. Referring particularly toFigs. 1" and. 11, there is disclosewan' oil burner' apparatus-iii: Whibh the present" invention is" incorporated. This burner apparatus includes an" air conduito'r' bl'a'st'. tube l'5 leading" from the outlet; portion of an air-supply housingf6. This housing lfi'is mounted';,in;turrr, upon 2; bas'em'ember' H" which" is'adapted to rest upon a' fiber; surface and support the entire burner assembly.

The housing; IG'has a; fench'amber l8"whi'c1'i is provided. at" one side thereof with. an; aperture: 1 9; through which air. may gain entrance ihto, the chamber. This opening; may be covered, by a filter"s'creen.2*fil Air i's-ad'apted; to be delivered. from'th'e fim' chamber. I8".to a plenum chaml'n'erli'i andthenoutT through the Blast tube I151 Whenai'n use,,t1i'e oiLburner apparatusisipositionedsorthat the. discharge endiof'theblest tube liextend's mm tfie'fii'ebox or. comlilistionchamben of etfimuace;

As. may be. pant'imilarly, not'exil in Fig. 19,,t1'1e cfiamiier l8. is proviiied witherwalLopeningzi'zin which is mounted" an electric. motor whibh is generally. designated; by. the numeral; 23.. It; will, be. understoed'. that this, motor has. a, centriihgali type fen. 24C secured at one end portion thereof; and an. air. and" fuel. pumping unit 25, secured. eti the; othen en'dg. thereofl Secured upene. the righte hand; end; portiom of? the: aih filBI pumping a unit 6y! nieainse of l bracket; 25'. is" a; flea-twelve; zgparamus; eeneteny; designated by; the.- numeral! 25. From this, it is to be understood that the elements $33, 24, 25 and 25 are all secured together so as to form an unitary structure which may be readily applied to or dismounted from the easmg to as a single unit. Bolts El, 2! are threaded into the casing it so as to maintain the motor, along with its above noted auxiliary elements, in a proper position, and an enclosure shell 28 may be suitably connected with the casing It so as to cover the motor 23 and such auxiliary elements. The right-hand end portion of the shell 23 is provided with an opening 3!! in which is secured a filter screen 3! which functions to filter air which is drawn into the above noted fuel and air pumping element 25 in a manner as will be hereinafter described.

The present electric motor includes the usual stator and rotor elements 32 and 33. The stator 32 may be connected to a suitable source of power by means of conventional conductors which are not disclosed herein. Secured to the rotor 33 is a rotor shaft 34 which has secured thereupon a plate 35 which forms the driving portion of a centrifugal or speed-responsive clutch, the driven portion of which is designated by the numeral This centrifugal clutch is of a conventional design, and the driven member 36 thereof is secured directly upon the distal end of an air and fuel pump shaft 31. Such a clutch is shown in my Patent No. 2,364,132, granted December 5, 1944.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1. 3, and 5, the present air and fuel pump unit 25 comprises a substantially cylindrical housing 38 which is secured by means of bolts 39 to a mounting or end plate 40. This mounting plate ill is secured by suitable bolts, not herein shown, to the righthand end ortion of the motor casing, so that the shaft 31 of the unit 25 may proiect through an opening 4i formed within the motor housing. It is to be understood that the shaft 3? is disposed coaxially of the motor shaft 34 and as hereinabove noted, the distal end portion of the shaft 3? is connected to the motor shaft by means of a speed-responsive clutch.

The air pump disposed within the unit 25 is of the positively-acting displacement type, and to receive this pump, the housing 38 is provided at its left-hand portion with a cylindrical recess 42 which is normally closed over by means of the mounting or end plate 4! This cylindrical recess 42 is located. eccentrically of the pump shaft 51 and has dis osed therein and coaxially of the shaft. a ump rotor 43. This rotor 43 is provided with a series of radial slots 44. .4, each one of which is ada ted to rece ve a slidin blade 45. The outer edges of these blades engage the inner peri heral wall of the recess 42 so as to produce a um ing action. As may be articularly noted in Fig. 3, the end faces of the rotor 43 have annular rece ses 45, 45 in each side thereof so as to receive rings 41. The ends of each blade 45 rest upon the outer peripheral surface of these rings, and are thereby held with the outer edge of each in contact with the inner eripheral surface of the recess 42. Snap rings 43', 43' recessed within the shaft 3i prevent the shaft 31 from shifting len thwise of the casing 38. Inlet and outlet ports 48 and 49, respectively, are formed as arcuate grooves in the inner end wall of the recess or pump chamber 42. Air enters the spaces between these successive blades from port 48, and is carried in a clockwise direction. as viewed in Fig. 2, and discharged into port 49. Those sk lled in the art will readily appreciate that this particular pump construction is, generally old and well-known and thus, a more detailed description of the pump is not deemed necessary.

Air is admitted to port 48 by means of a passage 50'which is best disclosed in Figs. 2 and 5. The passage 50 leads from the port 48 to a generally circular recess 5| which, as best disclosed in Fig. 3, is covered over by means of an air filter 52. This filter is held in place by a snap ring 53 engaged in a groove in a peripheral wall of the recess 5|. As hereinabove noted, the air may reach the recess 5| by way of the opening 30 provided in the covering shell 28.

The air outlet port 49 is connected to a discharge conduit 54 by way of a short passage 55 (see Figs. 2 and 4) and thus, the air under pressure is forced from the pump into the discharge passage 54.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 5, it is to be understood that the upper portion of the air discharge passage 54 is threaded as at 56, so as to have connected thereto a tube 5'! which, as will hereinafter be described, is adapted to conduct this primary source of air to and through the burner nozzle. The lower portion of the passage 54 joins an enlarged passageway 58, the lower portion of which is closed over by means of a threaded nut 59. Disposed within the lower portion of the passageway 54 is a valve provided with four passageways 5|. Cooperating with the valve fill is a plunger 62 having an enlarged base portion 63 which slidingly engages the walls of the passageway 58. A spring 64 engages the nut 59 and the plunger 62 so as to bias both the plunger 62 and the valve 60 toward a valve seat 6|, thereby normally to close the passageways 5|. The lower end of the plunger 62 is disposed below the normal static oil level as will hereinafter appear, and thus forms a dash pot which prevents the plunger from chattering. Thus, air entering the discharge passage 54 through the conduit 55 is normally forced into the tube 51 so as to be supplied to the burner nozzle.

This primary air pumping unit has a capacity which is always greater than the burner requirements and thus, the pressure of the air supplied, will tend to build up, to the extent that it will overcome the pressure of the valve biasing spring 54 so that the air within the passageway 54 will by-pass the valve 62 and enter the lower passageway 53, from which point it will escape from the housing 38 by way of an inclined escape conduit 65. This latter conduit 65 connects the passageway 58 with the air receiving recess 5! so as properly to relieve the pump, during the normal operation of the burner. As soon as the excess pressure has been relieved, the valve 60 will again be forced upwardly by its spring 64 so as to close oif the passageways 5|, and thereby force all of the air from the pump to be delivered to the burner nozzle.

The oil pump comprises a rotor 65, the lefthand end portion of which is secured to the drive shaft 3'! by means of a key 61. This rotor is mounted in and. coaxially of a cylindrical chamber 68 formed within the right-hand end portion of the housing 38. It is to be particularly noted that the chamber 58 communicates directly with the air pump chamber or recess 42. A hole extends diametrically through the annular wall of the rotor 56, forming two cylinders 69, 59. A single piston 15 extends diametrically of the rotor and is slidingly engaged in each of the cylinders 59, 69. Fixed to the piston intermediate its ends is a cylindrical member H which lies within an open cylindrical recess portion 66' of the rotor menace sum my. low adjustmenh, be positioned. eccentwoolly on coaxially ofithze Imthez outer: Bildi face: of! the: membeit' m1 is at diameimical' slot 12? which; sli'dably: receives: amectangulan block; 1:32 Engagetiiin". thiSbIUCli; k3 is a round; pim'M which isafixed eccentbicafllyi ofi' andiom thezinner end: of aristem'. 75; the nighiah'and end. portiom at which iei'mounte'd coasz-iallwofi the-shazfit 351 and wibmh am apeiituiie l6. promide'di in: the: right-hand end poetiomofi'the housing-138i. Emmi thisit Willi be understondith'atibyr turningcthe stem 1:5.; the' axis. at the. pin M may be: moved: intoi vaiiious; positions of eccentricity ne'lativei to: the": axis of. the pump: new 85. This adjustmenhwill. ofi counse, vary: the capacity of the: pump: inorm zeno when fl'iei'piii; axis: disposed'i coaxiallm oil the: rotor; to maximum. when: the pin; axis disposedi at; its gne'atest degree. of eccentricity relative; toi the mtonz.

Thee stem. is; pmyitiedi intermediate its. end portions withi a. flange:- 71. which; is slidingrl-y ne ceived; within! an opening: 18:: so; as; to prevent; in cooperation with packing material T9,.the3 es cap'ezofiofl througlv. thexopeningi 1.6 oft thehousing 3m Anzirrdicaton armi flzllzisicanniediup'omthe :distal end pnntion of: thestem 1P5 byrmeansi'of a: screw 8 l1, and: this; indicator arm: cooperates i withfi suitable: indicia markedi upon. a boss: 82;. so; as to: in;- dioate: the degree of aidiiustmenti off the: stem; T: The? entire; stem may, be adjusted. by; a2 manual movement? of? the. arm: 8th.

As the; rotor 66 rotates: clockwise; as viewed; in B igh 7;. the outer: endi of one; of; thecylindens: G51 (\tlixilowenone willcommunicate with thee-pinup inletj port 83. which: takesthe; formx of. anarcuate groove-e disposed within: the rotorhousing 68;. As theinotontunns;.theiloweroylindendraws outfi'om its-piston;1 creating. a\ partial vacuum. to dna-w in oil and: fill the cylinden. At the-same time; the othencylinden, which; had; previously" been filled; is. brought. into.'- communication: with: the: outlet port, 8% termed: similarly: to the: port"- 835. but on the; opposite sid'oofzthe noton 551 As':the:notor turns; theruppeii cylinder moves-fin; on its piston tm forceout the oil. into) the: outlet" port 8.44. The outlet port 34K is connected bya: radial; passage 85 tm a. threaded. apentuhe 8.61 which opensi at the outside. of. the;casing; 38;, for'theapunpo-se ot' having connected: thereto oil; delivery; tube 8 The: oil. inlet port- 831 is. connected: dinectly: with ail/critically dis-posed oil! supply: passage'ifill which 188118110? aithreaded; aperture; 89- which: opens, out at: the lowcremost. poptioni of. the: housing; 38;, so. as to be connected. with: an: Gill; supply; tube; 90, which; functions, to connect thew. pump" with: the abnvenotedifioatvalve device? as (*seezfiigalhu,

float valve..- device' functions to. supply oil to: the oil; pump? and;, at the: some time; to. maintain the: static: level; of: the. oil; within: the conduit 88 at; a. height. which. is; below the; cone fines oistheapumpiatzall times. In: this connectt/ionnneferencezmay 'besliaditm Figs. 3 whcneim this static oihlevel is. indicated; By thuszmaintaihing the oil:.b.elowthe"confines of the oil; pump, it wiil be: understood: that upon: rotation oh the: pump shaft. 37;. the air pump: will:be2iinm'ediate1y of fictive? cause: pximaim supply; at air? toi flowtmancothitough theabumennozzlez. Hbwever since the:- supply oil; is: maintained Within conduit? fill: at; atpoints substantially below the iconfine's of the-oihpump it willhe understoodithat ande'finito time: interval; will elapse. Before theoil pum -I: is effective: to: dIa W- the. 0112 up: through: the": conduit as and to: suppl the: same. to and? thrioug h:v the. bumenfnozzlez. vievwofitliisi-situatiom itiwiillbe' III &

manitestz mam whenever the present: cifi-burnen appawaztiusz is": made: opeiaativa the: primaiiy; source chair will: always bezsupplieditoz andathroughithe burnernozzlmbetone any) oil reaches the latter and: thus; proper; combustion will always; result. A1803. iii: will. be appreciatew that: whenever" the pump shaft an stops; there: will: be: no tendency ion'theoilifraomithez supply source: to work itsway. tlinoughithezpnmp anditowaizds t'hBblIlEIIBIYHO'ZZIE', for; the static: level: of the: Wlthmi the: passage 88! is always maintained: below the: confines: of pump: Eurthemnorm. sincev the ent-iiie oil appara'tust is" located at: at point. below the. level). oh the: burner nozzle, there will be no tendency) mnthe nozzle. to: be. supplied: with; oil; once: the: pumpz-sliaitt 3H; has. ceased. toarntato:

The above noted float-valve device: 26 isbest iiliisti-ated ini 11 8: which]. disclose: this device comprising: a: hollow. open top; casing; 92% Rlefenringi" particularly to. Fig; 8, it..-isa to: be understood thatst'his casing li'aseformed. therein a ifloatichambeir 92: In: operation; oil. flows: from" a: supply tame. not; herein. shown. by way of" a: time Qfii which maybeconnected-1 to: an opening 8:! formed withihi the. lower portion: of: the: casing: W. This. opening-i Bil. may he provided; with 3L cartridge. type strainer: 98: through, which the oil; must pass; before: teachingan inlet valve:- 99; @111 entering: the? casing 9.1 by way oi. the; valve din. will collect; within theiflo'at chamber 92; and will: ultimately" raiseafloat member Hill which: wiilbezeffective: to: shiita needle valve m I down.- wandly' so as to prevent: the upward passage of: oili thmugh theinletsvaliletilih More specifically",v the float memhcr ldlll,.upon'. raising-,will turn; a trip: leviexi I02! which. is. pivoted by: means. oil a pim iiw upon astationary bracket? I043 therehy to swing; the: righti-ha ndi end; portion: of the trip IEV-BIJ" [112x downwandly: 1117115; to: be. particularly noted that. the trip: lever' Hi2 carries; a; pin I engagesian opening iinithezneedlelvalve I10]? so asit'o lower the latteigathereby closingpirf'the: inietivalire an. float member m'ayrbe welded orfothez wise secured: to the trip: lever liili2. The abovemoted: delivery-tube. 9 at is connected? directly; to: thecliam'hen limes at 96",.so asato: deliver the: GiliiiO .theicomiuit. 83 oh theioil pumpzcasing. The float: valve? device:- is so". locatedi relative to: the" oil;- pumpabymeans-i of-ith'e' bracket'25! that the static: leveh of. the: oil: is allways maintained at. a height asii'ndi'cated? best in Fig.3:

If. desired; a' magnetic: coiintei'balarmsv I 116 may beta/Tried: by. the. bracket I D4. for efiectiveiy reducingithei weightzcff the float IEO; as the). latter: approaches thamagnet; and action. resultsdn. a mono: constant love-1?. of. oil; in. the chamber 92 'llhu'sz. the above-1 float; valve apparatus will be eiiiectivez to: maintain: Withinz. thev pump: supply. conduit: 88; as constant. static? level which: will. be. disposed at alli times a substantial distance below the confiiies of 'tlie oil pump.

Sit/i111 referring ti)- Fig. 8, the present-float; valve devi'wmay-bep'rovided with a secondary chasm be'r I'm Within which isprovided a*- secondary fibat NW2 This float W8 is pivotall-y connected to. one end of a yoke ma by=meansof a rod: I. I 0 and! a pma I I I. In the event-that. the-float- I00" should: not function properly; the oil withinthe chamber am will spill into: the secondary chamhen mm by! way) ofi a-notcn m s'o a s'to raise the float; 108i th'eiieby to raisethe=1eft'-liand end of the yoke. me which is pivoted. t'othe; bracket "W by: means: of a -pin; l lti This' movement of the yoke: I ilmwilll be efiective td ioroeithe"needie' vailve HM? tbi" its closed posililol'i through?- the medium of a screw IM. Actually, when the left-hand end of the yoke I39 moves into the field of a second magnet H4, the needle valve iiiI will be snapped into its closed position where it will remain until the second float I08 is manually reset by means of a hand lever H which projects from the yoke we. Thus, this second float I08 with its yoke E39, functions as a safety mechanism which will operate only in the event that the main portion of the float mechanism fails to operate properly. The particular construction details of the above noted float valve mechanism do not form a part of the present invention and thus, they have been described only in sufficient detail so that a complete understanding of the functioning of the present invention be appreciated.

Referring again to Figs. 2, 3, and 4, it is to be noted that the oil supply conduit 88 has communicating therewith an inclined conduit H8, the lower portion of which opens out of the bottom of a vertically disposed conduit II9 formed within the end plate to. The bottom of the conduit H3 is closed over by means of a plug I20, while the upper portion thereof is exposed to a portion of the pump shaft 31. Disposed within the conduit H9 is a wick I2I which functions to conduct oil from the passage H3 to the shaft 31 for the purpose of lubricating the same. Such lubricating oil will, of course, work its way toward the left-hand end portion of the shaft 31, and in order to prevent this oil from finding its way into the motor casing, there is formed a 7 return duct 522 which functions to collect this oil and return the same to the wicking I2 I.

Still referring to Figs. 2, 3, and 4, it is to be particularly noted that the oil and air pumping units are disposed within cavities 68 and 42 formed within the housing 33, which cavities are directly adjacent each other, so that the lefthand end portion of the pump rotor 56 is directly exposed to the cavity 42. From this, it will be readily appreciated that some of the oil within the oil pump unit will find its way into the cavity 42, thereby to lubricate the air pump. However, in the course of time, this lubricating oil will accumulate within the cavity 42 and should be removed so as to prevent the air pump from delivering oil to the burner nozzle. In order to so remove this lubricating oil from the casing .2, the lower portion 58 of the air discharge conduit 55 is provided with a conduit 123 (see 2 and 4). the lower end portion of which is connected to the conduit H8 (see Fig. 3). From this, it will be understood that during the operation of the present apparatus, the air pump will tend to discharge its excess lubricating oil into the vertical discharge passageway 53 by way of the air outlet port 55. The air will, of course, pass upwardly within the discharge conduit 54 so as to be delivered to the burner nozzle, but the lubricating oil will condense within the passage 54 and accumulate in and about the valve 3t. Thus, whenever the air pressure within the discharge conduit 54 exceeds a predetermined value, the Valve $2 will shift downwardly against the force of its biasing spring "6 thereby to bleed oil the air in a manner as hereinabove noted. Of course, as soon as the valve 62 is so open, the accumulated oil will drain through the valve seat 66 and into the lower portion 58 of the air discharge conduit, to the end that it will find its way into the conduit I23 which will deliver the same back to the oil supply. Since, as hereinabove noted, the capacity of the air pump is greater than the normal air requirements of the nozzle, the valve 62 will be opened and closed at frequent intervals, so that it will be impossible for undue quantities of lubricating oil to collect within the upper portion of. the air discharge conduit 54. From the above, it will be appreciated that the particular air and oil pump construction herein disclosed is most advantageous, for it is not only simple in construction, but it is entirely selflubricating, and, at the same time, requires no complex packing instrumentalities so as to prevent the escape of oil from the housing 38.

In order to prevent any of the lubricating oil from finding its way from the cavity 42 and past the adjacently disposed faces of the housing 38 and the end wall 40, there is provided between these two faces an annular gasket I24. This gasket is placed in an annular recess I25 formed within the end face of the housing 38. A similar but smaller annular gasket I28 is provided within an annular recess I2? which encircles the passageway H8.

The air and oil discharge ports 56 and 83 of the supply unit are respectively connected by pipes or tubes 51 and 8'! to passages I28 and I29 (see Fig. 9) in a member I30. This member comprises a nozzle-carrying unit which is mounted within the blast tube I5 in the usual manner. Fastened to the forward end of the member I30, as by a cap I3I screwed on to the body, is a nozzle unit I32 having a frusto-conical outer end and a member I33 having a complementary shaped part to engage said end and having a nozzle orifice I3 4. The nozzle body has a central oil discharge passage I35 communicating directly with the passage I29. Formed within the abutting end of the bodies I30 and I33 is an annular passageway I35 receiving air from the passage I28 and discharging it through two longitudinal passages I37. The passages I31 connect one with each of two slots I33 (Fig. 10), the inner ends of which open tangentially into a whirl chamber I39 formed between the meeting frusto-conical parts and surrounding the frusto-conical end of the oil nozzle.

Air entering through slots I38 is whirled around in the chamber and issues from the nozzle in a whirling stream surrounding the oil stream. As hereinabove noted, the present apparatus is so devised that upon the rotation of the pump shaft 31, air will be first directed to and through the burner nozzle before any oil is delivered thereto, so as to insure a proper initial combustion of the oil when it finally arrives at the nozzle.

As hereinabove noted, the motor shaft 34 extends through the left-hand end portion of the motor casing so as to have mounted upon the distal end portion of the shaft, the fan 24 which is adapted to supply a secondary source of air to the burner. This secondary source of air, as described hereinabove, is delivered through the blast tube It and about the outside of the burner nozzle to insure sufficient combustion of the oil within the furnace combustion chamber. As hereinabove mentioned, the present invention contemplates the provision of an overrunning clutch between the fan 24 and the motor shaft 34, so that the fan may continue to rotate long after the motor has been completely deenergized.

The fan itself is of a conventional design and comprises a circular back plate Mt, a front ring MI, and a plurality of blades I42 which are secured between the ring MI and the back plate I39. Referring particularly to Figs. 12 and 13, it is to be understood that the back plate I 40 is proactress w'idedwith "a hollow hu'b "portion was which "is mounted -uponapairofspacedball bearingmemhers I44, I4'4'-wliich EFBJIlIlT/HTIIQHIOHH'EGG. upon-a sleeve 4'45 secured to thesha'ft =34as by means-of a key I45.

One end p'ortiono'f the sleeve I45 has formed thereon part of an overrunning or one way clutch which includes a cylindrical "disk 14'1. Abouttheperipheral portion' of the disk I41, there is provided .a series of ball-receiving seats 148. Each of "these seats is adapted to house a single hardened ball IM which is normally biased into engagement with a hardenedsoylindrical wallcsurface I51! formed within .the back dilate *zCoil springs I-5I maybe .pmvidedifcr Thiasing' the iballs ".Iflmutwardly. .From .t-hezaboyepit will bewilderstood ithat the wall surf ace c159 2036 the back rplate IM functions in .coniunction the disk I31 and'the balls I 49 .toformazcomplete overrumimg clutch. Referring particularly to .lFig. 12, .it 'will be understood that whenever the sleeve I45, with its disk I41, rotates in a clockwise direction, each of the balls I49 will be forced into engagement with the back wall surface I50, to the end that the entire fan unit 24 will be rotated in synchronism therewith. However, in the event that the shaft 34 is decelerated, it should be clear that the fan 24, due to its momentum, will tend to continue its rotation unimpaired by the drag of the sleeve I45, by reason of the fact that such relative rotation between the fan and the disk I41 will force the balls I49 out of effective engagement with the cylindrical surface I50;

It is to be noted that the fan 24 is prevented from shifting longitudinally of the shaft 34 by means of a hub I52 and a washer I53. The hub is secured directly upon the end portion of the shaft 34 as by means of a set screw I 54, while the washer I53 is retained in its proper position by means of a snap ring I55. This snap ring may be positioned within a groove I56 formed about the shaft 34 in the usual fashion. This Washer I53 also functions as an end cover for one face of the above described clutch.

From the above, it will be appreciated that whenever the motor is energized, it will function immediately to rotate the fan 24 through the medium of the above described overrunning clutch, to the end that air will be supplied through the blast tube I5 to the furnace combustion chamber for the purpose of purging the same of all volatile gases before the oil burner ignition means are fired. After the motor, with its fan 24, reaches a predetermined speed, the centrifugal clutch will become effective to initiate movement of the air and oil pump shaft 31, so that the primary stream of air may be delivered to and through the burner nozzle. As hereinabove noted, the present apparatus is so designed that the oil supply will not be delivered to the nozzle until the primary air blast has been established within the nozzle. Thus, with the present invention, no fuel can ever be delivered to the furnace until an air blast has been established first about the outside portions of the nozzle and secondly, through the nozzle itself. Also, whenever the motor is deenergized, the shaft 31, by reason of the centrifugal clutch, will be disconnected from the motor, and due to the inertia of the oil pump will soon cease rotation, while the fan 24 will continue to rotate at a substantially high speed, due to the fact that it is mounted on antifriction bearings, and that the overrunning clutch functions to release the fan from the motor as soon as the latter tends to 10 rieclerate. "Therefore, "the motor and the air and -'oil pumps, during the deceleration period, place no drag upon *the fan and the latter is permitted-to run unimpaired, so that it 'will be effective to maintain complete -'combus'tion until all the oil '--is consumed'land thereafter, it will function to purge -t=he ifurnace combustion chamber. In this latter "connection, it will also be "recalled that the oil 'pump is located below the lcvel of the burner nozzle, and it is also provided with a supply er e11, tha static level of which is locaited below the confines of the pump, -=so that as soon'as the 'shaft 8d decelerates, 'theaoil pump \w -ili be inefi'ectiyle to supply any oi-l to :the burner muzzle. .irlurthermore, with this ACOlflStIillQtlOl'l, it gbe impossible-for zany oil to leak from the :oil pumpzto therburner. tin thelpresent-oilzburnei (12338 .011 delivery :line $6.1 zaszwelil as the -.condu'it :9 within the mozalemarmi g member rec are sinelined sli h ly iso '15s its force the :uneqnsumed oil to drain back to the oil supply whenever the oil pump is deenergized, thereby to prevent nozzle coking and to insure clean combustion. of course, when this oil drains back to the oil pump unit, it will finally be delivered to the oil supply conduit 88, and as this conduit is connected with the fioat chamber 52, the static oil level will be slightly readjusted. Quite clearly, since the oil surface area of the chamber 92 is relatively large, this oil which drains back from the nozzle, will raise the normal static level of the oil within the conduit 88 a slight degree only.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for supplying air and oil to a burner comprising, a positively-acting displacement pump for supplying air, inlet and discharge conduits for said air pump, a pump for supplying oil, means providing fluid communication between the two pumps, whereby suiiicient oil may enter said air pump for lubricating the latter, a by-pass conduit from said air discharge conduit to the outside of the pump for relieving the air pressure within such air discharge conduit, an oil-conducting conduit providing fluid communication between said air discharge conduit and the suction side of said oil pump thereby to return oil to said oil pump from said air pump, and a pressure-responsive valve means in said air discharge conduit for blocking off communication between said air discharge conduit and said by-pass and oil-conducting conduits, said valve means being movable to unblock communication between such conduits whenever the air pressure within said air discharge conduit reaches a predetermined value.

2. Apparatus for supplying air and oil to a burner comprising, a positively-acting displacement pump for supplying air, an inlet conduit and a substantially vertically disposed discharge conduit for said air pump, a pump for supplying oil, means providing fluid communication between the two pumps, whereby sumcient oil may enter said air pump for lubricating the latter, an upwardly inclined by-pass conduit leading from the lower portion of said air discharge conduit to the outside of the pump for relieving the air pressure within such air discharge conduit, an oil-conducting conduit communicating said air discharge conduit at a location below said by-pass conduit with the suction side of said oil pump thereby to return oil to said oil pump from said air pump, and a pressure-responsive valve means disposed within the lower portion of said air discharge conduit for blocking off communication between such cOnduit and said by-pass and oil-conducting conduits, said valve means being movable to unblock communication between such conduits whenever the air pressure within said air discharge conduit reaches a predetermined value.

3. Apparatus for supplying air and oil to a burner comprising, a pump casing having a pair of directly adjacent intercommunicating rotor cavities therein, a positively-acting displacement pump including a rotor disposed in one of said cavities for supplying air, air inlet and discharge conduits for said air pump, a pump including a rotor disposed within the other cavity for supplying oil, the rotor of said oil pump being exposed directly to that cavity containing said air pump so as to supply a suificient oil to said air pump for lubricating the latter, bypass means for bleeding air from said air discharge conduit thereby to relieve the air pressure within such air discharge conduit, means for returning the lubricating oil from the air discharge conduit to said oil pump, and a pressure-responsive valve within said air discharge conduit for connecting and disconnecting said last two mentioned means to and from said air discharge conduit as the air pressure within such conduit respectively rises above and falls below a predetermined value.

WARREN H. DE LANCEY.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,396,823 Fesler Nov. 15, 1921 1,591,976 Holden July 13, 1926 1,631,859 Goodridge June 7, 1927 1,740,587 Greenfield Dec. 24, 1929 2,132,130 Sallot Oct. 4, 1938 2,378,379 Behrens June 19, 1945 2,409,477 Delancey Oct. 15, 1946

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