US2667384A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

H. PHIPPS OIL BURNER Jan. 26,1954

Filed April 15, 1951 I N V EN TOR. .lqEEM/l/V pH/PPS, BY I Zvd Arrae/vey.

Patented Jan. 26, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners, and particularly to burners having a non-rotary nozzle.

The important function of an oil burner of this character is to ensure that the fuel is uniformly and finely subdivided when it is ejected from the nozzle. This atomization is usually effected by the aid of air or steam pressure.

It is one of the objects of this invention to provide an improved burner of this character.

It is another object of this invention to ensure a finer and more complete subdivision of the fuel in the form of vapor, while yet utilizing a simple and inexpensive structure.

It is still another object to provide a structure in which the nozzle passageways are left clean and unobstructed even upon long continued use of the burner.

This invention possesses many other advantages, and has other objects which may be made more clearly apparent from a consideration of one embodiment of the invention. For this purpose there is shown a form in the drawings accompanying and forming part of the present specification. The form will now be described in detail, illustrating the general principles of the invention; but it is to be understood that this detailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, since the scope of this invention is best defined by the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is an elevation of an oil burner incorporating the invention shown as installed in a fire box;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the burner;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal, sectional view of the oil burner shown in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view showing the projection of the subdivided fuel from the discharge end of the nozzle.

The outer wall I of a fire box is provided with appropriate openings 2 and 3 for the admission of a fuel pipe 4 and a steam pipe 5 into the fire box proper. The heat-resistant lining of the fire box has been omitted from the illustration for the sake of clarity.

The fire box may be used for the generation of steam in the boiler in a well understood manner. For this purpose, the oil burner is provided with a nozzle structure 6. This nozzle structure 6 has a discharge end formed by the aid of the parallel walls I and 8 (Figs. 2 and 3). These parallel walls define a narrow exit or discharge passage 26 for the atomized or subdivided fuel. This nozzle passage has a width which diverges toward the outlet end, as shown most clearly in Fig. 4. In use, the spray of fuel mixture is ejected from the discharge end in a diverging stream, as indicated by the phantom lines 9 of Fig. 4. The fog or spray formed in this way projects for a substantial distance beyond the discharge end H] of the nozzle before it ignites to form the burner flame II.

The inlet end of the nozzle 6 is defined by a cylindrical conduit I2 to form a chamber 25 which merges into the inner constricted end of the nozzle '6. The cross-section area of this chamber is much greater than any cross-section of the nozzle opening 26.

In the present instance, steam may be supplied to the nozzle -6 under a substantial pressure to urge the atomized fuel through the nozzle 6. For this purpose, the conduit 5 is connected to a source of steam supply. This conduit 5 is substantially coaxial with the conduit I2.

The passage of the steam and the oil to the conduit I2, and thence through the nozzle 6, is effected by the aid of a tubular member I3 of smaller diameter than the conduit I 2, and shown as joined integrally therewith. The inlet end It of the tubular member I3 is shown as somewhat flared, and faces the outlet end of the jet member I5 into which is threaded the steam conduit 5. This jet member I5 has an opening converging toward the inlet end I 4, and spaced slightly therefrom.

A housing member l6 surrounds the tubular member [3, and forms an annular space I! between the members I3 and I 6. The left-hand end of the housing member l6 provides a threaded aperture for the threaded right-hand end of the conduit I2. The right-hand end of housing I6 similarly threadedly engages the jet member I5. These threads form a substantially fluid-tight seal.

A supply of oil is effected into the annular passage I1 by the aid of an elbow structure I8. This elbow structure I 8 has a rearwardly directed threaded end l9 into which the oil supply conduit 4 is threaded. The fuel passage 20, formed in the elbow I8, curves downwardly to form an exit 21 for the fuel at a distance substantially spaced forwardly from the inlet end I4 of tubular member l3. In this way, the fuel must travel, as indicated by the arrows 2|, through the annular passageway toward the rear before it can enter over the lip of the opening M. The fuel contacts the outer surface of tubular member I3, where it is preheated, due to the transfer of heat through this member. The, heat is derived both from the steam and heat conduction within the fire box through the nozzle structure.

As the liquid fuel flows over the lip I4, the steam passing through the jet member I and the tubular member I3 picks up the fuel and mixes with it within the tubular member I3. The flow is indicated by arrows 28.

Expansion of the mixture occurs within the chamber 25, since its cross-section area is greater than the cross-section area of the tubular member I3. Substantially complete subdivision or atomization is effected in this manner. The fuel, furthermore, is preheated by its passage over the tubular member I3 before the fuel enters this tubular member.

Ordinarily, a pump is required to urge the fuel at a relatively low pressure through the annular passage IT. The expanded atomized fuel within conduit I2 is urged into the inlet end of the narrow passage defined by walls 'I and 8, and diverges in the manner indicated in Fig. 4. The feeding of the oil to the annular passage H at a place forward of the inlet end IA of tubular member I3 greatly facilitates the ultimate fine subdivision of the fuel, and this effect is augmented by the expansion of the mixture of fuel and steam within conduit I2. Due to the diverging nozzle passageway, the walls I and -8 remain clean and free of deposits even after continued use.

The inventor. claims:

1. In an oil burner: a nozzle structure having means forming a discharge passageway, a chamber communicating with said discharge passage- Way, and an elongate member having a through aperture forming an inlet passageway communicating with said chamber, said chamber forming an abrupt and substantial enlargement at said inlet passageway; said inlet passageway terminating in an intake opening formed by a flared end of said elongate member and defining an end surface between the exterior and interior of said elongate member; a housing; means securing said nozzle structure to said housing and positioning said elongate member in said housing :to form a passageway surrounding said elongate member, the intake opening being within the housing; means supplying fuel into said surrounding passageway at a place remote from said intake opening and adjacent said elongate member; and a conduit for supplying .a fluid medium under .pressure into said intake opening and for drawing fuel around said .end surface, said conduit iconverging and forming .an opening .in :said housing aligned with said intake opening, and spaced substantially therefrom, the diameter of said conduit opening being less than the diameter of said intake opening.

2. In an oil burner: a hollow housing member opening at opposite ends thereof, said housing member having means forming a passage for supplying fuel, said passage opening into the interior of said housing member adjacent to one of said ends of said housing member; an integral nozzle structure having means forming a discharge passage, said structure having means forming acentral mixing chamber, said structure also having means forming a reduced elongate tubular inlet member communicating with said central chamber, said central chamber forming an abrupt and. substantial enlargement at said tubular inlet member; means securing said nozzle structure and said housing member together, said nozzle structure being telescopingly received into said one end of said housing member, the tubular inlet member terminating adjacent the other end of said housing member; said tubular inlet member cooperating with said housing member to define an annular space; the end of said tubular inlet member being outwardly fiared and defining a lip around which fuel is adapted to pass; and conduit means at the other end of said housing member for supplying a fluid medium under pressure, said conduit means being aligned with said tubular inlet member, said conduit converging in a direction toward said tubular inlet member and forming an opening spaced substantially from said end of said tubular inlet member, the opening of said conduit means being of a size less than that of the flared end of said tubular inlet member.

HERMAN PHIPPS.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 731,133 Saffell I June 16, 1903 940,981 Malcom NOV. 23, 1909 999,165 Herpin July 25, 1911 1,073,830 Wiley Sept. 23, 1913 1,015,947 Schurs Oct. 14, 1913 1,160,515 Kramer Nov. 16,1915 1,339,709 Mohn May 11, 1920 1,417,146 'Dedrich et a1. May 23, 1922 1,445,208 Forward Feb. 13, 1923 1,490,683 Straitz Apr. 15, 1924 1,506,932 Hudson Sept. 2, 1924 1,600,627 Frew Sept. 21, 1926 1,611,067 Prosser Dec. 14, 1926

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