US2666589A - Screen bar - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 19, 1954 Q DANYLUKE Y 2,666,589

SCREEN BAR Filed Dec. 28, 1950 IVENTOR AfTToRNr-:Y

Patented Jan. 19, 1954 UNITED g STATES A51-ENT OFFICE pplcation December 28, 1950, Serial No'. 203,145

4 Claims. ,(Cl. 2417-88) clearing and do not become choked with crushed n material.

Another object of this invention is to provide a screen bar that is more durable and resistant to the abrasion of the crushed material.

A still further object of the invention isito L provide a screen bar that produces a more uniformly sized material.

Other and further objects and advantages of the inventionwill appear from the following descriptions taken in connection with the drawings, in which K Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the machine; and

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary View of a screen bar.

A ring type pulverizer embodying the invention is shown in Fig. 1 and comprises an outer casing II, the cage i2 and rotor I3 withring hammers I4. The rotor is mounted on a drive shaft I6 that turns the rotor in a counter-clockwise direction. The ring hammers I4 are connected to the rotor by pins I'l, I8 positioned in pairs around the periphery of the rotor. On rotation the ring hammers extend outwardly as shown in Fig. 1 and sweep in close proximity to the breaker plate I9 and screen bars 2I and screen sectionV 22 of the cage` I2. The material to be crushed is dropped into the pulverizer through the delivery chute opening 23and is initially crushed against the breaker plate I9 and then further broken against the screen bars 2| and screen section 22 by the rotating ring hammers I4. The broken pieces pass out of the machine through the slots 20 between the screen bars 2| and slots 24 of the screen section 22.

The unbreakable material is carried upwardly and thrown into the tramp iron pocketA 25 through the opening 30.

The top of the outer casing II- comprises sheets of metal 26 mounted on beams 21 and has between the breaker plate I9 and the rotor I3 f and into the path of the ring hammers I4. The breaker plate I9, screen bars 2I and screen section 22 of the cage I2 .extend longitudinally across the machine from one side of the machine to the other. Y Both ends of the machine are the same and have a cradle 23 pivotally supported at its upper end on a shaft 29 and adiustably supportedY at the llower end by the adjusting mechanism 3l. The adjusting mechanism 3l is mounted on the rotatable shaft 32 supported by the end walls 3'3 of the casing II. The breaker plate I 9 is mounted on the upper end of the cradle 28 and extends substantially vertical from thelower edge of the opening 23 to below the horizontal centerline through the rotor I3.

The screen bars 2I are mounted in the lower curve portiony from a point just below the horizontal centerline through the rotor I 3. These bars extend parallel to the shaft IS and transverse to the direction of movement of the ring hammers I4. The ends of the bars are seated onthe curved surface 34 of the cradle 23 and are tightly held between the lower end surface 35 of the breaker plate I9 and the cross member 36 interconnecting'the lower ends of the cradles. The lower end surface 35 of the breaker plate i9 positions the upper bar 3l' adjacent to the end of the breaker plate I9. The clamp 3% presses the upper end surfaces 39 of the bars ZI to hold the screen bars on the cradle 28. The clamp 38 is tightly fastened to the cradle 28 in a conventional manner.

The bars 2l are properly vspaced by the webs 4I at the ends of the bar and by the webs 42 at uniformly spaced points along the bar forming the slots 2l] transverse to the direction of motion of the hammers I4. In the embodiment shown the webs of the rst four bars are shorter than the webs of the last four bars positioning the first four bars closer together and forming narrower slots. The trailing webs of the last four bars are longer spacing the bars half again as far apart and forming wider slots. Other size spacings and combinations of sizes may be used depending upon the material to be fractured and the desired resulting material.

The intermediate webs 42 are recessed below the inner and outer ends of the bars. The en-d webs are even with the surface 39. At the lower end of the cradle the webs of the end bar 44 engages the cross member 36. The cross member 36 is rigidly fastened at each end to the cradles 28.

The adjusting mechanism 3| comprises a crank 46 mounted on the rotatable shaft 32, a link 49 connected at one end to the crank 46 by the pin 4B, and at the other end it is connected to the cradle by the pin 41. The space between the rotating hammers I4 and the screen bars 2| is varied by the adjusting mechanism 3l pivoting cradle 28 on the shaft 29. The space between the hammers and the screen bars is normally xed and Yis only changed as the barsare worn or the desired size of the crushed' material 'is changed.

In Figs. 1 and 2 each bar 2l has the same crosssectional shape. The front or leading surface 52 is preferably plane and extends from the inner surface to the outer surface of thebar-and'fforms with the inner surface a leading-edge 53 having an acute angle. The leading surface 52 is at an angle to the radial lines extending through lthe center of the shaft I6 of the rotor I3. A radial line 63 is indicated passing between two bars 'The other side of the screen bar has lan inner trailing surface 54, and an outer exit surface 55, formed at an angle to each other.l The inner'trailing surface 54 extends from the inner surface of the bar to a point intermediate to the bar 'and is substantially parallel to the leading surface52. The outer exit surface 55 is at fan angle-to the inner trailing surface 54 and the leading surface 52 tapering the outer -portion of the `barato Vprovide for an outwardly 'widening slot portion 56 between the bars.

The inner slot portion 'Ir defined by theleading surface and the inner trailing surface tilts to face the approaching hammers I4. The inner trailing surface 54 is preferably but not `necessarily parallel to the leadingA surface 52 of the succeeding bar. These `two latter surfacesshould tilt in generally the same rdirection. l'If'hei'n'iter exit surface 55 breaks from'this tilt widening the space between the bars.

The crushed material is continuously passing through the slots 20 `and enters lf-rom severaldifferent directions. Some pieces pass directly through the innerslot portion4 51, other-pieces enter at anfangle and lbounce o'if theleadingl-wall.

The inner slot portion is approximately as wide as it is deep. The outer 'divergingportion -56 permits the pieces to leave the inner slot 'portion at different angles and does not attempt to constrict the flow from the slot to '-anyparticular directions.

The pieces clear freely throughy the louter .slot portion permitting the pieces-'inthevinner'slot portion to flow freely outwardly'fw'ithou-ty being blocked or conflicting with the preceeding pieces. This cross-sectional shape of the bar that* forms the desired shape slot may be Lused in otherftype machines such as hammermilltype Crushers and is not limited to the pulverizer type machine in which this type invention vis shown and embodied.

The screen section 22 is a lperforated plate or casting extending longitudinally across the vInachine and laterally from thesend of the cradle 28 upwardly to the level of the rotorshaftal. The plate is rigidly secured to the end walls v33 of the casing I I to hold thev screen section in position. The slots 24 extend through the plate and Iare transverse lto the rotation of ,the hammers. This screen section V'provides a .supplemental crushing surface and screening Aarea Vto take care 4 of the material carried by the hammers past the screen bars 2 I.

The protective surfaces 58 and 60 protect the casing II against material carried around by the rotor and thrown against the upper wall of the casing II. The protective plate 59 is provided extending along the wall of the delivery chute I5 facing the hammers I4 to absorb the impact of any entering material that is given 'an upward blow throwing it back up into the chute. The side liners 62 are also extended along the side Walls of the machine parallel to the rotation of the hammers and extend upwardly into the chute.

It is thus seen that the material entering through the delivery chute I5 positioned above 'the rotor and between the center of the rotor and "ltheiupper end of the breaker plate I9 drops between the downwardly descending rotor and the vbreaker'plate YIii'andthe hammers I4. It is carried downwardly by the moving hammers and further fractured between the inner surfaces of the screen Abars andthev hammers. The broken pieces fall and are .thrown or knocked through slots 20. Slots 20 are so shaped so. that the broken pieces will either pass directly through a slot or reflect oil' the-'walls into the Adivergent portion and wiii not be constricted by -the vdepth of the slots.

I claim:

1. In a crusher lhaving a rotor with hammers for crushing frangible material introduced into said crusher, a cage having screen bars with walls transverse to the movement of vsaid hammers forming a material passing slot between Ia set of bars'each bar comprising a plane surface impact receiving wall facing in the direction of approach of said hammers 'and extending the full depth of said slot, a hammer facing wall forming an edge at an acute anglewith said impact wall and a trailing ksurface wall having an inner portlon `substantially parallel vto said impact wail and forming with the opposing impact wall an inner slot for passing the crushed material and an outer wall portion at a tapering angle with the impact wall to form an outer outwardly expand- -ing exit slot with the opposing impact wall to disperse' Athe crushed material leaving the inner slot.

2.`In a crusher as claimed in claim 1 wherein said bars have 'an inner crushing surface tan- 'gentially disposed in relation to the movement of said hammers forming the leading sharp edge with said impact wall against which said frangible material is crushed.

3. In a crusher as claimed in claim 1 wherein said bars are spaced by end webs and intermediate webs transverse to the bars and having engaging surfaces substantially radial to the center of rotation of the rotor, said end webs having the inner and outer end surfaces even with the in- Aner and outer surface of said bars and said intermediate webs having surfaces recessed from said inner and outer surfaces.

'4. In a crusher having a rotor with impact members at the periphery thereof and a cage `having screen. bars with slots therebetween transversely disposed to the direction of rotation of the impact members, each slot having a face set at an angle to the radialilines through the center of the rotor forming a long abrasion surface inclined .outward in the direction of movement of the :impact members and an opposite face having Va first surfacevsubstantially parallel to said first face and providing av passage .inclined to the radial through vthe inner portion of the slot, and

, v 5 a second surface at an angle to said first portion Number for divergently widening the slot outwardly to 1,355,335 facilitate the discharge ofthe crushed material 1,681,555 from said entrance passage. 1,746,512 OSTAP DANYLUKE. 5 2,339,390 2,471,068

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Number Name Date 193,985 658,288 shaw sept. 1s, 1900 1 58,335V

Buchanan May 9, 1911 Name Date Hosendahl Oct. 12, 1920 St. Onge Aug. 21, 1928 Anderson Feb. 11, 1930 Fowler Jan. 18, 1944 Keiper May 24, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Mar. 6, 1923 Denmark July 7, 1941

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