US2662370A - Burner and heater device with plurality of whirl chambers - Google Patents

Description

1953 e. M. A. c. GEEVEN ETAL BURNER AND HEATER DEVICE WITH PLURALITY OF WHIRL CHAMBERS Filed Sept. 14, 1950 N m w m E M V E M m H A .Y ALQ/ QM- MAW 5 9N D n /w 9 m; l M A Y x J m B M117 s u u L. L m n w L o T 1 patented Dec. 15, 1953 UNITED STA'iE5 -PATET OFFICE BURNER AND HEATER DEVICE WITH PLU- RALITY OF WHIRL CHAMBERS trustee Application September 14, 1950, Serial No. 184,798

Claims priority, application Netherlands October 27, 1949 3 Claims. 1

The present invention relates generally to burners and more particularly, to those burners particularly adapted to burn the fuel which is supplied thereto in the form of a gas or vapor.

Burners for fuel in the form of gas or vapor are already known in which the fuel is tangentially introduced into a substantially cylindrical whirl chamber. The term fuel is to be understood to include combustion air together with the combustible gas or vapor. Owing to the shape of the chamber and the speed of the gas a whirling action is imparted thereto. If the combustible gas and the air are supplied separately, the whirl has the effect of mixing gas and air intensely. One advantage of such a burner is that it has a large control range of,

for example, about 1:15 for adjusting the mixture ratio. A further advantage is that the construction is particularly simple. However, this known burner has a limitation in that the length of the flame emanating from the burner orifice is great and the burner produces a loud buzz. For certain uses in particular, the length of the flame may involve difliculty in view of the available space.

The present invention relates specifically to a burner device based on the whirl chamber principle. The novel burner device is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of preferably cylindrical whirl chambers of not more than about mms. diameter, each open at one end thereof. To each of said chambers there is fed tangentially at least one of the media to be caused to whirl in said chambers.

The advantage of this novel burner device over the known devices is that at substantially identical capacities the length of the flames emanating from the orifices of the burner is materially smaller and the noise is substantially reduced. This may be due to the fact that in the burner according to the invention one great whirl is substituted for by a plurality of smaller ones. Furthermore, the burner device according to the invention is adapted to operate with a less plentiful supply of air than known burners, with the result that the operation is more economical.

According to the embodiment of the invention, each of the whirl chambers is provided in addition to the aforesaid tangential feeding means with at least one preferably eccentric aperture in its bottom for the admission of one of the other media. This measure assists in mixing the various media more intimately.

The burner device according to the invention is of simple manufacture if, in accordance with one embodiment, the device comprises a body,

till

2 preferably made of metal, in which several whirl chambers are recessed. Preferably, in this case the said body has also recessed in it a number of passages, each of which leads from a common supply chamber for one of the media to one of the whirl chambers.

A further embodiment of the invention preferably incorporates the feature that the relative position of the Whirl chambers conforms with the shape of the body to be heated or the bodies to be heated or the part to be heated of the body. This ensures correct conformity between the two parts, with the result that the heat is directed especially to where heating is desired and necessary.

In accordance with an alternative embodiment of the invention the body to be heated may be the heater of a hot-gas engine. It is advantageous if, in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, the hot-gas engine comprises more than one cylinder and each cylinder comprises a separate heater, the supply of either or both of the media to the whirl chambers being controlled by a device common to all the whirl chambers.

In order that the invention may be more clearly understood and readily carried into effect, it will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a burner device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; the section being taken along line I-I in Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the aforesaid burner device;

Fig. 3 shows diagrammatically a heater of a hot-gas reciprocating engine comprising another burner device according to another embodiment of the invention; the internal arrangement being indicated in dotted lines; and

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the burner device shown in Fig. 3.

In Fig. 1, l and 2 designate parts of the burner device secured together by means of screws 3. The part I comprises a pair of plate members I and. I" having a contiguous surface I. The plate members I and I" coacting as an entity are provided with eight whirl chambers t as seen in Figure 2. These whirl chambers have formed in them at their closed ends located in plate I" a small aperture 5 which is eccentric with respect to the circumference of the whirl chamber. The parts I and I" are furthermore provided with aligning bores 6 and 5'', respectively which coact to define a centrally arranged chamber ii,

into which eight passages I are opened out at I4. These passages 7, formed by cooperating grooves 1' and l", in plates I and I", respectively, are rectangular in cross-section, and have their other ends opening tangentially into the whirl chambers 4 at 12. The part 2 of the burner device has an annular groove 8 and two supply pipe connections 9 and ID. The pipe connection 9, through which for example preferably preheated combustion air may be fed under pressure, opens through a channel ll into said chamber 6, which is provided for this purpose. The pipe connection It, has a channel i3 through which, for example, gaseous fuels may be supplied. Channel l3 opens into the annular groove 8 at i5, which enables communication with the whirl chambers 4, through the apertures 9.

Referring to Fig. 3, 3| designates the cylinder of a hot-gas engine. This cylinder has internal fins 32, which are screened by a cylinder lining 33. A piston-shaped body 34 is adapted to move Within this cylindrical lining 33. Externally the cylinder 3| is provided with fins l5, between which flames or combustion gases are allowed to pass. The burner device 56 is provided, similarly to that shown in Fig. 1, with a plurality of whirl chambers H. In contradistinction to Fig. 1, gaseous fuel and combustion air are supplied in common through the aperture 18 which is arranged in a communication butt I9. The aperture [8 gives access to a chamber 20, whence channels 2| of rectangular section lead to the whirl chambers I! so that these channels 2| are tangentially opened out into the whirl chambers IT. The burner device fully conforms with the shape of the body to be heated, in the present case the heater 22 of a hot-gas engine, said heater surrounding the motor head.

What we claim is:

1. A burner device comprising a casing, a plurality of cylindrical whirl chambers, each being provided with a bottom portion and each having a diameter of not more than 30 mms., said whirl chambers being arranged in a circle in said casing, an air supply chamber arranged centrally of said whirl chambers, a conduit for feeding air to said supply chamber, a first plurality of conduits each connected at one end tangentially to said whirl chamber and at the other end to said supply chamber, an annular passageway in said casing, conduit means for feeding fuel to said annular passageway and a second plurality of conduits each eccentrically connected at one end to said bottom portion of each whirl chamber and at the other end to said annular passageway thereby feeding fuel to said whirl chamber.

2. A burner device comprising a casing, a plurality of cylindrical whirl chambers, each being provided with a bottom portion and each having a diameter of not more than 30 mms., said whirl chambers being arranged annularly in said casing, an air supply chamber arranged centrally of said whirl chambers, a conduit for feeding air to said supply chamber, a plurality of conduits each connected at one end tangentially to said whirl chamber and at the other end to said supply chamber, an annular passageway in said casing in line with said annularly arranged whirl chambers, said bottom portion of each whirl chamber having an aperture therein located eccentrically to the whirl chamber axis, conduit means for feeding fuel to said annular passageway and a conduit connecting said aperture to said annular passageway thereby feeding fuel to said whirl chamber.

3. A heater for a hot gas engine comprising a cylinder, a plurality of ribs radially projecting from said cylinder, a burner casing arranged adjacent said cylinder, a plurality of cylindrical whirl chambers, each being provided with a bottom portion and each having a diameter of not more than 30 mms. annularly arranged in line with said radially projecting ribs, an air supply chamber arranged centrally of said whirl chambers, a conduit for feeding air to said supply chamber, a first plurality of conduits each connected at one end tangentially to said whirl chamber and at the other end to said supply chamber, an annular passageway in said casing, conduit means for feeding fuel to said annular passageway and a second plurality of conduits each eccentrically connected at one end to said bottom portion of each whirl chamber and at the other end to said annular passageway thereby feeding fuel to said whirl chamber.

GOMARUS MARIA ADRIANUS CORNELIS GEEVEN. JACOBUS ALBERTUS LOUISA YZER.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 309,163 Robinson Dec. 9, 1884 1,277,849 Campbell et al. Sept, 3, 1918 1,334,309 McKee Mar, 23 1920 1,656,907 Bansen Jan. 4, 1928 2,067,453 Lee Jan. 12, 1937 2,122,132 Docking June 28, 1938 2,484,392 Van Heeckeren Oct. 11, 1949 2,511,380 Stadler June 13, 1950 2,533,143 Scharbau et al Dec. 5, 1950

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