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US2645617A - Paper pulp foam inhibitor - Google Patents

Paper pulp foam inhibitor Download PDF

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Publication number
US2645617A
US2645617A US58785A US5878548A US2645617A US 2645617 A US2645617 A US 2645617A US 58785 A US58785 A US 58785A US 5878548 A US5878548 A US 5878548A US 2645617 A US2645617 A US 2645617A
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United States
Prior art keywords
paper
parts
pulp
water
resin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US58785A
Inventor
Raymond L Mayhew
James M Cross
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GAF Chemicals Corp
Original Assignee
General Aniline and Film Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Aniline and Film Corp filed Critical General Aniline and Film Corp
Priority to US58785A priority Critical patent/US2645617A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2645617A publication Critical patent/US2645617A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/06—Paper forming aids
    • D21H21/12—Defoamers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/02—Material of vegetable origin
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/04—Hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H17/53—Polyethers; Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/60—Waxes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/62—Rosin; Derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/71—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/28—Colorants ; Pigments or opacifying agents

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the treatment of aqueou paper stocks for the purpose of preventing foaming during the paper-making operations.
  • an object of this invention to prepare an anti-foaming agent which does not 2 tially saponified fatty acids are preferable.
  • the addition of an alkali is thus desirable to saponify some of the acid.
  • the higher fatty acids include the well-known examples found in fats, such as have a deleterious effect on the paper sizing resulting in loss of water resistance. 7
  • the process which comprises incorporating in the aqueous paper stock an antifoaming agent containing an alkyd resin, and an emulsifying agent, preferably a higher fatty acid plus an alkali.
  • an antifoaming agent containing an alkyd resin preferably a higher fatty acid plus an alkali.
  • an emulsifying agent preferably a higher fatty acid plus an alkali.
  • Any of the ordinary alkyd resins may be used and, as well known, these are condensation products of certain polyhydric alcohols and polybasic acids. Many of these alkyd resins contain higher fatty acids as part'of the condensation product but it will be understood that the higher fatty acids of the present invention are in addition to the alkyd resin and are not condensed therewith.
  • resins examples include those sold under the trade names Paraplex (condensation polymer of sebacic acid and glycerol), Duraplex (condensation polymer of phthalic anhydride, glycerol and oleic acid), Amberlac (condensation polymer of maleic anhydride and glycerol) and the like. While various wetting agents may be used, parllauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic and oleic. It will be obvious that in the presence of an alkali these may be transformed partially into thefatty acid salt and thus fatty acid salts or soap would be the obvious equivalents of part of the fatty acids used.
  • Paraplex condensation polymer of sebacic acid and glycerol
  • Duraplex condensation polymer of phthalic anhydride, glycerol and oleic acid
  • Amberlac condensation polymer of maleic anhydride and glycerol
  • antiefoam agents such as various vegetable and animal oils and waxes may also be incorporated; .Such as tallow, lard, cocoanut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, soyabean oil, sperm oil, and the like.
  • certain aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons may also be incorporated.
  • compositions of this invention are preferably added to the aqueous stocks to be defoamed or to prevent foaming in the form of aqueous emulsions.
  • stable emulsions can be prepared which contain 40-50% of water into which has been added a small amount of alkali, 1 to 2% being very effective for this purpose.
  • a wetting agent comprising the condensation product of castor oil and polymerized ethylen oxide.
  • pulp stock A was agitated in a small beater until foam formed on the surface and then about 0.1% of the composition of the example was added. The foam substantially disappeared. The same results were obtained on pulp stock B. Using our new composition in the pulp stocks before beating, no foamformed when the beater was started.
  • Ink penetration time is the average of three observations of the time required for standard testing ink at room temperature to penetrate upward through a 1 in. square sample of paper which is floated thereon.
  • the standard ink is made as follows:
  • Pulp sample D contains emulsion of example 31 Control no anti-foam agent 40
  • the ink penetration time between the control andthe pulp sample D containingemulsion is not substantial and thus the emulsion does not adversely effect ink penetration.
  • Ratio of alkyd resin to higher fatty acid in the anti-foaming agent may vary considerably but an amount suflicient to emulsify the resin may be used and preferably the amounts of resin and fatty acid should be about equal.
  • the "amount of alkyd resin to be used in the aqueous pulp may vary from a trace to about 0.1%. It will be understood that even larger quantities may be used, but that it becomes uneconomical.
  • the anti-foaming agent of the present invention has been found effective on sulphite, sulphate and kraft pulps. It has been demonstrated that these anti-foam agents do not adversely effect ink penetration and dyeing properties of the paper.
  • a composition for inhibiting foaming in aqueous paper pulps consisting essentially of about equal parts of an alkyd resin and a partially sapo'nified higher fatty acid.
  • a composition for inhibiting foaming in aqueous paper pulps consisting essentially of an alkyd resin and a partially saponified higher fatty acid in an amount 'suificient to emulsify said resin in water.
  • composition of claim 2 wherein the acid is palmitic.
  • composition of claim 2 wherein the acid is stearic.
  • a method for treating aqueous paper pulps to prevent foaming during paper making operations which comprises adding thereto a small proportion of an emulsion consisting essentially of 25 parts of an alkyd resin, 40-50 parts of water and a sufiicient amount of a partially saponified higher fatty acid to emulsify said resin in the water, the amount of said emulsion being such as to provide from a trace to about 0.1% of said resin based on the pulp.

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  • Paper (AREA)

Description

Patented July 14, 195% PAPER PULP FOAM INHIBITOR Raymond L. Mayhew,.Phillipsburg, and James M.
Cross, Belvidere, N. 3., assignors to General Aniline & Film Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application November 6, 1948, Serial No. 58,785
8 Claims.
This invention relates to the treatment of aqueou paper stocks for the purpose of preventing foaming during the paper-making operations.
It is well known that excess foaming. is highly disadvantageous in the manufacturing processes as it interferes with the proper operation of the manufacturing equipment such as heaters and frequently result in loss of the aqueous stock.
Because of this, a large number of substances have been prepared and recommended for the prevention of foam with varying success.
In general, there are a large number of compounds or mixtures of compounds which are effective in preventing or combating the foaming of aqueous slurries of paper pulp including fatty acids. Most of these, however, suffer from the disadvantage of producing a deleterious effect on the paper pulp resulting in an inferior product. A large number of these, for example, appear to destroy the sizing used in preparing the paper, thus lowering the water resistance of the paper markedly and allowing too great an ink penetration. Still others markedly effect'the dyeing properties of the paper causing uneven dyeing or so-called specking of the paper sometimes by,
reacting with the dyes.
It is, therefore, an object of this invention to prepare an anti-foaming agent which does not 2 tially saponified fatty acids are preferable. The addition of an alkali is thus desirable to saponify some of the acid. The higher fatty acids include the well-known examples found in fats, such as have a deleterious effect on the paper sizing resulting in loss of water resistance. 7
It is a further object of this invention toprepare an anti-foaming agent which doe not interfere with the dyeing propertie of the paper, i. e., specking.
These, and other objects of the invention, are attained by the process which comprises incorporating in the aqueous paper stock an antifoaming agent containing an alkyd resin, and an emulsifying agent, preferably a higher fatty acid plus an alkali. Any of the ordinary alkyd resins may be used and, as well known, these are condensation products of certain polyhydric alcohols and polybasic acids. Many of these alkyd resins contain higher fatty acids as part'of the condensation product but it will be understood that the higher fatty acids of the present invention are in addition to the alkyd resin and are not condensed therewith. Examples of the resins which may be used include those sold under the trade names Paraplex (condensation polymer of sebacic acid and glycerol), Duraplex (condensation polymer of phthalic anhydride, glycerol and oleic acid), Amberlac (condensation polymer of maleic anhydride and glycerol) and the like. While various wetting agents may be used, parllauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic and oleic. It will be obvious that in the presence of an alkali these may be transformed partially into thefatty acid salt and thus fatty acid salts or soap would be the obvious equivalents of part of the fatty acids used.
In addition to the two ingredients mentioned, other antiefoam agents such as various vegetable and animal oils and waxes may also be incorporated; .Such as tallow, lard, cocoanut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, soyabean oil, sperm oil, and the like. In addition, certain aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons may also be incorporated.
The compositions of this invention are preferably added to the aqueous stocks to be defoamed or to prevent foaming in the form of aqueous emulsions. In general, stable emulsions can be prepared which contain 40-50% of water into which has been added a small amount of alkali, 1 to 2% being very effective for this purpose.
A number of batches of the new defoaming Parts Alkyd resin (Paraplex RG-Z Resinous Products and Chemical Company) 25 Palmitic acid 25 Water 48 50% sodium hydroxide solution 2 Sample paper pulp stocks were prepared. as follows;
A. parts rosin size solution g 40! parts clay (dry). 5 parts silicate of soda, S. 10 parts starch (dry). 5 starch (cooked to jelly in water). 50 parts bleached sulphite pulp (10% dry). 200 parts alum solution Made up to 750 parts with cold water.
Same as A with addition of 1.25 parts of a wetting agent comprising the condensation product of castor oil and polymerized ethylen oxide.
The pulp stock A was agitated in a small beater until foam formed on the surface and then about 0.1% of the composition of the example was added. The foam substantially disappeared. The same results were obtained on pulp stock B. Using our new composition in the pulp stocks before beating, no foamformed when the beater was started.
The product from the example when using the standard foaming solutions A and B was found to be superior to commercial products now being used for this purpose.
Ink penetration tests to determine the=effect on the sizing of the paper were also run. The paper used in the test was prepared as follows:
C. 30 parts bleached sulphite pulp 125 parts water. 5.3 parts rosin size 4.0 parts alum 3.0 parts anti-foam (1%).
Add in order; stir 1 hour. Dilute to 90 cc.; filter,
dry.
Ink penetration time is the average of three observations of the time required for standard testing ink at room temperature to penetrate upward through a 1 in. square sample of paper which is floated thereon. The standard ink is made as follows:
Dissolve 23.4 g. tannic acid USP and 7.7 g. gallic acid crystals in distilled water. Dissolve 30.0 g. ferrous sulfate crystals and 250 cc. hydrochloric acid USP dilute in distilled water and add to above. Dissolve 2.2 g. Ink Blue BJTBNA-80 in distilled water and add to above. Add 1 g..pheno1. Makes up to 1 liter With distilled water.
The results of the ink "penetration test are as follows:
Minutes Pulp sample D, contains emulsion of example 31 Control no anti-foam agent 40 The ink penetration time between the control andthe pulp sample D containingemulsion is not substantial and thus the emulsion does not adversely effect ink penetration. These results were substantially better than ink penetration tests on the same :pulp with other commercial antifoam agents.
In order to determine the efiecton dyeing, a series of dyeings were made using 1% dyestuff (based 'on pulp) 2% size 3% alum 1% anti-foam agent of example The dyes, which were incorporated in the pulp before making the paper included:
Orange R0 Extra Cone. Benzo'Fast OrangeWSA-CF Bismarck Brown RRNP Conc.
Very satisfactory dyeings were obtained in every case with no harmful effect from the anti- 4 foaming agents prepared according to this invention.
Ratio of alkyd resin to higher fatty acid in the anti-foaming agent may vary considerably but an amount suflicient to emulsify the resin may be used and preferably the amounts of resin and fatty acid should be about equal.
The "amount of alkyd resin to be used in the aqueous pulp may vary from a trace to about 0.1%. It will be understood that even larger quantities may be used, but that it becomes uneconomical.
The anti-foaming agent of the present invention has been found effective on sulphite, sulphate and kraft pulps. It has been demonstrated that these anti-foam agents do not adversely effect ink penetration and dyeing properties of the paper.
What we claim is:
1. A composition for inhibiting foaming in aqueous paper pulps consisting essentially of about equal parts of an alkyd resin and a partially sapo'nified higher fatty acid.
2. A composition for inhibiting foaming in aqueous paper pulps consisting essentially of an alkyd resin and a partially saponified higher fatty acid in an amount 'suificient to emulsify said resin in water.
3. The composition of claim 2 wherein the acid is palmitic.
4. The composition of claim 2 wherein the acid is stearic.
5. A method for treating aqueous paper pulps to prevent foaming during paper making operations which comprises adding thereto a small proportion of an emulsion consisting essentially of 25 parts of an alkyd resin, 40-50 parts of water and a sufiicient amount of a partially saponified higher fatty acid to emulsify said resin in the water, the amount of said emulsion being such as to provide from a trace to about 0.1% of said resin based on the pulp.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the acid is palmitic.
'7. The method of claim 5 wherein the acid is stearic.
8. The method of claim 5 'wherein the amount of emulsion added i such :as to provide about 0.1% of the resin.
- RAYMOND L. M'AY-H-EW.
:JAMES CROSS.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

Claims (1)

  1. 5. A METHOD FOR TREATING AQUEOUS PAPER PULPS TO PREVENT FOAMING DURING PAPER MAKING OPERATIONS WHICH COMPRISES ADDING THERETO A SMALL PROPORTION OF AN EMULSION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF 25 PARTS OF AN ALKYD RESIN, 40-50 PARTS OF WATER AND A SUFFICIENT AMOUNT OF A PARTIALLY SAPONIFIED HIGHER FATTY ACID TO EMULSIFY SAID RESIN IN THE WATER, THE AMOUNT OF SAID EMULSION BEING SUCH AS TO PROVIDE FROM A TRACE TO ABOUT 0.1% OF SAID RESIN BASED ON THE PULP.
US58785A 1948-11-06 1948-11-06 Paper pulp foam inhibitor Expired - Lifetime US2645617A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2923687A (en) * 1956-12-10 1960-02-02 Nalco Chemical Co Antifoam compositions and uses thereof
US2969302A (en) * 1957-02-14 1961-01-24 Nalco Chemical Co Method of making paper
US20180021698A1 (en) * 2015-02-18 2018-01-25 State Line Holdings, LLC Emulsion foam reducer for wet processing of cellulose or woodbased products or in food processing

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB356738A (en) * 1930-05-06 1931-09-07 Ici Ltd Derivatives of polyhydric-alcohol-polybasic acid condensation products
US2035520A (en) * 1929-12-27 1936-03-31 Ici Ltd Emulsions of resins of the polyhydric alcohol polybasic acid type and the application thereof
US2097121A (en) * 1935-06-26 1937-10-26 Lehmann & Voss & Company Process for prevention and removal of foam in the manufacture of paper
US2101089A (en) * 1934-11-21 1937-12-07 Raybestos Manhattan Inc Latex stabilization
US2169369A (en) * 1936-11-17 1939-08-15 Du Pont Process for scrubbing gases containing low boiling aldehydes
US2346928A (en) * 1940-05-29 1944-04-18 Nat Oil Prod Co Composition for destroying foam and froth

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2035520A (en) * 1929-12-27 1936-03-31 Ici Ltd Emulsions of resins of the polyhydric alcohol polybasic acid type and the application thereof
GB356738A (en) * 1930-05-06 1931-09-07 Ici Ltd Derivatives of polyhydric-alcohol-polybasic acid condensation products
US2101089A (en) * 1934-11-21 1937-12-07 Raybestos Manhattan Inc Latex stabilization
US2097121A (en) * 1935-06-26 1937-10-26 Lehmann & Voss & Company Process for prevention and removal of foam in the manufacture of paper
US2169369A (en) * 1936-11-17 1939-08-15 Du Pont Process for scrubbing gases containing low boiling aldehydes
US2346928A (en) * 1940-05-29 1944-04-18 Nat Oil Prod Co Composition for destroying foam and froth

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2923687A (en) * 1956-12-10 1960-02-02 Nalco Chemical Co Antifoam compositions and uses thereof
US2969302A (en) * 1957-02-14 1961-01-24 Nalco Chemical Co Method of making paper
US20180021698A1 (en) * 2015-02-18 2018-01-25 State Line Holdings, LLC Emulsion foam reducer for wet processing of cellulose or woodbased products or in food processing
US10933352B2 (en) * 2015-02-18 2021-03-02 State Line Holdings, LLC. Emulsion foam reducer for wet processing of cellulose or woodbased products or in food processing
US20210162322A1 (en) * 2015-02-18 2021-06-03 State Line Holdings, LLC Emulsion foam reducer for wet processing of cellulose or wood-based products or in food processing

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