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US2642333A - Method of spinning polyvinyl alcohol fibers - Google Patents

Method of spinning polyvinyl alcohol fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
US2642333A
US2642333A US154872A US15487250A US2642333A US 2642333 A US2642333 A US 2642333A US 154872 A US154872 A US 154872A US 15487250 A US15487250 A US 15487250A US 2642333 A US2642333 A US 2642333A
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United States
Prior art keywords
filaments
spinning
polyvinyl alcohol
coagulating
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US154872A
Inventor
Tomonari Tsukumo
Akaboshi Michijiro
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Omni Products Corp
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Omni Products Corp
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
    • D01D5/14—Stretch-spinning methods with flowing liquid or gaseous stretching media, e.g. solution-blowing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/14—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated alcohols, e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, or of their acetals or ketals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S260/00—Chemistry of carbon compounds
    • Y10S260/23—Fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/10—Polyvinyl halide esters or alcohol fiber modification

Definitions

  • Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus suitable for carrying out said method.
  • the present invention provides an improved method and apparatus for producing filaments from polyvinyl alcohol, which method reduces to a minimum the occurrence of breakages by allowing the filaments to take form in an upwardly flowing unturbulent column of the coagulating medium and by applying stretch to the filaments only after they have sufficiently solidified.
  • An apparatus suitable to carry out the method of the invention consists essentially of areaction chamber in which the spinning solution is brought in contact without turbulence with the coagulating liquid, and of vertical or inclined tubes of much smaller diameter through which the coagulating liquid and the spinning solution pass upwardly for a length of travel sufficient to solidify and stretch the coagulated filaments.
  • the rate of travel of the liquid is increased corresponding to the reduction of the diameter of the rising column, and this increased rate of travel exerts a stretching action on the filaments which are being formed. These filaments will break if they are subjected to a stretching action or to any stress by turbulence before they are sufiiciently solidified.
  • FIG 1 is an elevation of the spinning machine embodying the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional elevation showing the essential part of the spinning machine.
  • a vertical pipe having an inner pipe 2 fixed therein, through which the coagulating bath and the spinning solution are forced upwardly.
  • 3 represents an over-flow tank, through the bottom of which the upper end of the inner'pipe 2 is extended.
  • 4 represents the reaction chamber having fitted to its bottom a spinneret 5 which is connected to the filter 6.
  • the chamber 4 is provided with openings which are normally closed by the cover I.
  • 8 designates a pump such as a gear pump driven by a suitable motor (not shown).
  • a ring-shaped pipe 9 having a. number of small nozzles, which is connected to the source of the coagulating hath (not shown) through the pipe l0 and the regulating valve II.
  • the over-flow tank 3 is provided with an outlet pipe [2 which delivers the excess coagulating bath to a receiver l3, thence the bath is returned to the collecting tank M.
  • I 5 represents godet rollers for transmitting the spun fibers to following machines (not shown).
  • the lower end I6 of the pipe 2 is preferably flared out and the space between the pipes l and 2 is used as a heating jacket or a heat insulating chamber.
  • the coagulating liquid is fed from the pipe slowly and uniformly through the nozzles of the annular pipe 9 into the chamber 4 wherein it flows upwardly without turbulence until it enters the funnel-shaped opening l6. Then it flows upwardly at an increased speed through the narrow tube 2; the liquid overflowing at the upper end of said tube into the tank 3 is recycled through the pipe l2 and the funnel l3 in a reservoir for repeated use.
  • a certain definite amount of the spinning solution is pumped up by the gear pump 8, through the filter 6, and spinneret 5 into the coagulating bath without turbulence.
  • the spinning solution begins to coagulate and is assembled into the funnel opening [6 together with the coagulating bath. While it fiows up through the coagulating tube 2, it completes the coagulation and is transformed into filaments I! which pass to the following processing stages over the godet roller 15.
  • the upwardly flowing column of coagulating liquid and spinning solution comprises two sections sharply distinguished by their physical conditions.
  • the lower section is a relatively wide column of undisturbed flow where the spinning solution starts coagulating to filaments.
  • the rate of coagulation depends on the concentrations and compositions of the components, on the polymerization degree of the filament forming material, temperature, etc. If the filaments formed in this section have not sufficiently solidified, they will be broken when entering the pipe 2, i. e., the second section.
  • the rate of upward travel of the column is considerably increased because of the sudden reduction of the diameter of the column, and the filaments are stretched.
  • the filaments must have a certain strength when entering the pipe 2 to avoid breakages.
  • the stretch exerted during the travel through tube 2 will not be sufiicient to produce the desired elongation.
  • the jacket formed by the tube I around tube 2 allows of passing a heating or cooling medium therethrough; in this way, the temperature of the liquid column in tube 2 may be controlled so as to obtain the desired rate of coagulation and solidification of the filaments therein.
  • the supply of the liquid may be stopped by closing the cock H and by opening the window or cover 7 located at a point about mm. above the spinneret, and the free flow of the spinning solution is restored by suitable manipulations. Then the cover I is closed and the cock II is opened again to feed the coagulating solution. The spinning solution floats on the coagulating solution and fiows upwardly therewith, and the filaments are collected at the top of the pipe 2 and then wound up by the godet roller I5.
  • a method of spinning polyvinyl alcohol fibers comprising the steps of extruding a polyvinyl alcohol solution into an up-flowing column of a coagulating liquid having a higher specific gravity than said polyvinyl alcohol solution, imparting to said coagulating column and said polyvinyl alcohol solution a parallel upward direction of flow without turbulence, maintaining said unturbulent parallel fiow until the polyvinyl alcohol coagulates to filaments, subsequently reducing the diameter of said column, thereby increasing the rate of flow thereof, and stretching said coagulated filaments by said increased rate of flow and the uplift of the filaments in the specifically heavier column of the coagulating liquid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Description

June 151953 TsuKumb TOMONARI ETAL METHOD OF SPINNING POLYVINYL ALCOHOL FIBERS Filed'Apr il 8, 1950 MM; 73u/ru/wo Ema/ma:- MIcH/JH20 A3050:
By 7.; dud...
AGENT Patented June 16, 1953 METHOD OF SPINNING-POLYVINYL ALCOHOL FIBERS Tsukumo Tomonari, Osaka, and Michijiro Akaboshi, Kurashiki, Japan, assignors of onefcurth to Omni Products Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application April. 8, 1950, Serial No. 154,872 In Japan July 26, 1949 1.01am. (CI. 18-54) polyvinyl alcohol fibers where the coagulating rate is slow, it is necessary to make the clipping length as long as 500 mm.-l,000 mm. at spinning speeds of about-50 meters per minute. If it is desired to increase the spinning speed (for example, it is possible to uses. speed of 90 meters per minute in the viscose method), a longer dipping length is required. For spinning methods where the filaments have to travel through considerable lengths of the coagulating bath, it has been proposedto let the spinning solutions flow upwardly together with the coagulating medium in order to save floor space. Thismethod should be of particular advantage for spinning polyvinyl alcohol and similar filaments where the specific gravity of the spinning solution is considerably'lower than the specific gravity of the coagulating bath. This difference in the specific gravities causes the spinning solution to float upwardly in the rising column of the coagulating liquid, and the filaments which are being formedin the coagulating bath are subject to a gentle stretching, which should prevent breakages.
However, when it. was attempted to prepare polyvinyl alcohol filaments by the up-spinnin process, it was found that the conventional devices were not suitable and that the filaments broke, especially in the zone where the coagulation of the filaments started. Breakages of the filaments became particularly frequent when the same apparatus had to be used under changing conditions of concentration, spinning speed, temperature, etc.
It is a principal object of the invention to provide a method for up-spinning polyvinyl alcohol and similar filaments with a minimum of breakages.
Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus suitable for carrying out said method.
The present invention provides an improved method and apparatus for producing filaments from polyvinyl alcohol, which method reduces to a minimum the occurrence of breakages by allowing the filaments to take form in an upwardly flowing unturbulent column of the coagulating medium and by applying stretch to the filaments only after they have sufficiently solidified.
An apparatus suitable to carry out the method of the invention consists essentially of areaction chamber in which the spinning solution is brought in contact without turbulence with the coagulating liquid, and of vertical or inclined tubes of much smaller diameter through which the coagulating liquid and the spinning solution pass upwardly for a length of travel sufficient to solidify and stretch the coagulated filaments.
When the rising coagulating liquid enters the narrow tube, the rate of travel of the liquid is increased corresponding to the reduction of the diameter of the rising column, and this increased rate of travel exerts a stretching action on the filaments which are being formed. These filaments will break if they are subjected to a stretching action or to any stress by turbulence before they are sufiiciently solidified.
Our invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is an elevation of the spinning machine embodying the present invention, and
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation showing the essential part of the spinning machine.
Referring now to the drawing,- I designates a vertical pipe having an inner pipe 2 fixed therein, through which the coagulating bath and the spinning solution are forced upwardly. 3 represents an over-flow tank, through the bottom of which the upper end of the inner'pipe 2 is extended. 4 represents the reaction chamber having fitted to its bottom a spinneret 5 which is connected to the filter 6. The chamber 4 is provided with openings which are normally closed by the cover I. 8 designates a pump such as a gear pump driven by a suitable motor (not shown). Around the spinneret 5, there is arranged a ring-shaped pipe 9 having a. number of small nozzles, which is connected to the source of the coagulating hath (not shown) through the pipe l0 and the regulating valve II. The over-flow tank 3 is provided with an outlet pipe [2 which delivers the excess coagulating bath to a receiver l3, thence the bath is returned to the collecting tank M. I 5 represents godet rollers for transmitting the spun fibers to following machines (not shown).
As shown in Fig. 2, the lower end I6 of the pipe 2 is preferably flared out and the space between the pipes l and 2 is used as a heating jacket or a heat insulating chamber.
The operation of the present spinning machine shown in the drawing is explained in the following:
The coagulating liquid is fed from the pipe slowly and uniformly through the nozzles of the annular pipe 9 into the chamber 4 wherein it flows upwardly without turbulence until it enters the funnel-shaped opening l6. Then it flows upwardly at an increased speed through the narrow tube 2; the liquid overflowing at the upper end of said tube into the tank 3 is recycled through the pipe l2 and the funnel l3 in a reservoir for repeated use.
A certain definite amount of the spinning solution is pumped up by the gear pump 8, through the filter 6, and spinneret 5 into the coagulating bath without turbulence. The spinning solution begins to coagulate and is assembled into the funnel opening [6 together with the coagulating bath. While it fiows up through the coagulating tube 2, it completes the coagulation and is transformed into filaments I! which pass to the following processing stages over the godet roller 15.
The upwardly flowing column of coagulating liquid and spinning solution comprises two sections sharply distinguished by their physical conditions. The lower section is a relatively wide column of undisturbed flow where the spinning solution starts coagulating to filaments. The rate of coagulation depends on the concentrations and compositions of the components, on the polymerization degree of the filament forming material, temperature, etc. If the filaments formed in this section have not sufficiently solidified, they will be broken when entering the pipe 2, i. e., the second section.
In this second section, the rate of upward travel of the column is considerably increased because of the sudden reduction of the diameter of the column, and the filaments are stretched. As stated hereinbefore, the filaments must have a certain strength when entering the pipe 2 to avoid breakages. On the other hand, if the solidification of the filaments has advanced too far, the stretch exerted during the travel through tube 2 will not be sufiicient to produce the desired elongation. The jacket formed by the tube I around tube 2 allows of passing a heating or cooling medium therethrough; in this way, the temperature of the liquid column in tube 2 may be controlled so as to obtain the desired rate of coagulation and solidification of the filaments therein.
Depending upon the density and qualityv of the spinning solution, its separation from the spinneret 5 may be sometimes difficult. In such a case, the supply of the liquid may be stopped by closing the cock H and by opening the window or cover 7 located at a point about mm. above the spinneret, and the free flow of the spinning solution is restored by suitable manipulations. Then the cover I is closed and the cock II is opened again to feed the coagulating solution. The spinning solution floats on the coagulating solution and fiows upwardly therewith, and the filaments are collected at the top of the pipe 2 and then wound up by the godet roller I5.
It will be understood that while a particular embodiment of the invention has been described, the invention is capable of further modification, and the present application is intended to cover such changes or modifications as within the spirit of the invention or scope of the following claim.
Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:
A method of spinning polyvinyl alcohol fibers comprising the steps of extruding a polyvinyl alcohol solution into an up-flowing column of a coagulating liquid having a higher specific gravity than said polyvinyl alcohol solution, imparting to said coagulating column and said polyvinyl alcohol solution a parallel upward direction of flow without turbulence, maintaining said unturbulent parallel fiow until the polyvinyl alcohol coagulates to filaments, subsequently reducing the diameter of said column, thereby increasing the rate of flow thereof, and stretching said coagulated filaments by said increased rate of flow and the uplift of the filaments in the specifically heavier column of the coagulating liquid.
TSUKUMO TOMONARI. MICHIJIRO AKABOSHI.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 827,434 Friedrich July 31, 1906 838,758 'I'hiele Dec. 18, 1906 2,138,394 Wuppermann Nov. 29, 1938 2,239,718 Izard Apr. 29, 1941 2,288,982 Waterman et a1. July 7, 1942 2,453,839 Furness Nov. 16, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 415,323 Great Britain Aug. 23, 1934
US154872A 1949-07-26 1950-04-08 Method of spinning polyvinyl alcohol fibers Expired - Lifetime US2642333A (en)

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US336166A Expired - Lifetime US2988802A (en) 1949-07-26 1953-02-10 Apparatus for spinning polyvinyl alcohol fibers and product

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2834046A (en) * 1954-06-17 1958-05-13 American Enka Corp Spinneret arrangement
US2852808A (en) * 1953-10-05 1958-09-23 British Celanese Apparatus for manufacture or treatment of artificial filamentary materials
US2867495A (en) * 1953-05-11 1959-01-06 Gen Electric Process for producing chlorotrifluoroethylene fibers
US2895790A (en) * 1954-04-12 1959-07-21 British Celanese Production and treatment of artificial filamentary materials
US2908937A (en) * 1955-01-11 1959-10-20 American Enka Corp Method and apparatus for the manufacture of yarn
US2911674A (en) * 1953-09-02 1959-11-10 British Celanese Wet spinning apparatus including filament wiping means
US2919465A (en) * 1957-11-14 1960-01-05 Chemstrand Corp Method and apparatus for filament spinning
US2959813A (en) * 1954-02-23 1960-11-15 British Celanese Apparatus for manufacture of filamentary material by wet spinning
US2979767A (en) * 1956-06-12 1961-04-18 American Viscose Corp Filament film spinning and processing machine
US2983952A (en) * 1954-12-22 1961-05-16 Celanese Corp Wet spinning apparatus
US2988802A (en) * 1949-07-26 1961-06-20 Air Reduction Apparatus for spinning polyvinyl alcohol fibers and product
US3001229A (en) * 1958-12-19 1961-09-26 Otto V Drtina Stretch spinning equipment
US3011859A (en) * 1958-08-18 1961-12-05 Chemstrand Corp Manufacture of polymeric shaped objects by wet spinning
US3023182A (en) * 1958-01-18 1962-02-27 Kurashiki Rayon Co Polyvinyl alcohol fibers of improved dyeability
US3063787A (en) * 1960-06-17 1962-11-13 Diamond Alkali Co Process of wet spinning stereoregular polyvinyl alcohol
US3071806A (en) * 1958-01-29 1963-01-08 Celanese Corp Wet spinning column and process
US3102775A (en) * 1960-06-17 1963-09-03 Diamond Alkali Co Process of wet spinning stereoregular polyvinyl alcohol
US3105058A (en) * 1957-06-17 1963-09-24 Kurashiki Rayon Co Shaped articles of polyvinyl alcohol polymer blends

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL265218A (en) * 1960-05-27
GB1074328A (en) * 1963-01-07 1967-07-05 Kurashiki Rayon Kk Method of manufacturing polyvinyl alcohol filaments
US3444585A (en) * 1964-08-31 1969-05-20 Morio Watanabe Apparatus for hydraulically stretching flexible webs while passing through a liquid bath
US4587065A (en) * 1983-07-02 1986-05-06 Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. Method for producing light transmitting article of synthetic resin
ATE269435T1 (en) * 1997-02-27 2004-07-15 Asahi Chemical Ind CONTINUOUSLY SHAPED POLYURETHANE UREA ARTICLES AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
FR2898139B1 (en) * 2006-03-06 2008-05-30 Nanoledge Sa METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING EXTRUDED COMPOSITE POLYMERIC AND CARBON NANOTUBE PRODUCTS
CN113755954B (en) * 2021-09-06 2023-05-09 界首市三宝宏达制线有限公司 Wet filament spinning equipment and spinning method

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US827434A (en) * 1905-08-22 1906-07-31 Ernst Willy Friedrich Apparatus for the production of artificial threads.
US838758A (en) * 1906-08-29 1906-12-18 Edmund Thiele Apparatus for the manufacture of artificial silk.
GB415323A (en) * 1933-01-17 1934-08-23 Samuel Wild Apparatus for coagulating bodies formed from solutions of cellulose derivatives
US2138394A (en) * 1935-11-09 1938-11-29 Wuppermann Wilhelm Apparatus for manufacturing rayon
US2239718A (en) * 1937-05-27 1941-04-29 Du Pont Composition of matter and pellicles of polyvinyl alcohol
US2288982A (en) * 1939-04-03 1942-07-07 Shell Dev Production of extrusion products from diene hydrocarbons
US2453839A (en) * 1945-12-13 1948-11-16 American Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for spinning artificial filamets

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2190265A (en) * 1931-10-19 1940-02-13 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Spinning artificial threads
US2169250A (en) * 1937-05-27 1939-08-15 Du Pont Process of forming films, threads, and the like
NL52262C (en) * 1937-08-16
US2642333A (en) * 1949-07-26 1953-06-16 Omni Products Corp Method of spinning polyvinyl alcohol fibers
US2610360A (en) * 1950-04-22 1952-09-16 Du Pont Water-resistant polyvinyl alcohol filament and process for producing same
US2711559A (en) * 1952-06-28 1955-06-28 Celanese Corp Viscose spinning process and apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US827434A (en) * 1905-08-22 1906-07-31 Ernst Willy Friedrich Apparatus for the production of artificial threads.
US838758A (en) * 1906-08-29 1906-12-18 Edmund Thiele Apparatus for the manufacture of artificial silk.
GB415323A (en) * 1933-01-17 1934-08-23 Samuel Wild Apparatus for coagulating bodies formed from solutions of cellulose derivatives
US2138394A (en) * 1935-11-09 1938-11-29 Wuppermann Wilhelm Apparatus for manufacturing rayon
US2239718A (en) * 1937-05-27 1941-04-29 Du Pont Composition of matter and pellicles of polyvinyl alcohol
US2288982A (en) * 1939-04-03 1942-07-07 Shell Dev Production of extrusion products from diene hydrocarbons
US2453839A (en) * 1945-12-13 1948-11-16 American Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for spinning artificial filamets

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2988802A (en) * 1949-07-26 1961-06-20 Air Reduction Apparatus for spinning polyvinyl alcohol fibers and product
US2867495A (en) * 1953-05-11 1959-01-06 Gen Electric Process for producing chlorotrifluoroethylene fibers
US2911674A (en) * 1953-09-02 1959-11-10 British Celanese Wet spinning apparatus including filament wiping means
US2852808A (en) * 1953-10-05 1958-09-23 British Celanese Apparatus for manufacture or treatment of artificial filamentary materials
US2959813A (en) * 1954-02-23 1960-11-15 British Celanese Apparatus for manufacture of filamentary material by wet spinning
US2895790A (en) * 1954-04-12 1959-07-21 British Celanese Production and treatment of artificial filamentary materials
US2834046A (en) * 1954-06-17 1958-05-13 American Enka Corp Spinneret arrangement
US2983952A (en) * 1954-12-22 1961-05-16 Celanese Corp Wet spinning apparatus
US2908937A (en) * 1955-01-11 1959-10-20 American Enka Corp Method and apparatus for the manufacture of yarn
US2979767A (en) * 1956-06-12 1961-04-18 American Viscose Corp Filament film spinning and processing machine
US3105058A (en) * 1957-06-17 1963-09-24 Kurashiki Rayon Co Shaped articles of polyvinyl alcohol polymer blends
US2919465A (en) * 1957-11-14 1960-01-05 Chemstrand Corp Method and apparatus for filament spinning
US3023182A (en) * 1958-01-18 1962-02-27 Kurashiki Rayon Co Polyvinyl alcohol fibers of improved dyeability
US3071806A (en) * 1958-01-29 1963-01-08 Celanese Corp Wet spinning column and process
US3011859A (en) * 1958-08-18 1961-12-05 Chemstrand Corp Manufacture of polymeric shaped objects by wet spinning
US3001229A (en) * 1958-12-19 1961-09-26 Otto V Drtina Stretch spinning equipment
US3063787A (en) * 1960-06-17 1962-11-13 Diamond Alkali Co Process of wet spinning stereoregular polyvinyl alcohol
US3102775A (en) * 1960-06-17 1963-09-03 Diamond Alkali Co Process of wet spinning stereoregular polyvinyl alcohol

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US2988802A (en) 1961-06-20
GB697097A (en) 1953-09-16
FR1017625A (en) 1952-12-12

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